“工业危废处置与资源化利用先进技术交流大会”暨危废产业技术创新联盟年会在成都召开

<正>2019年11月8-11日,由西南石油大学作为理事长单位的危废产业技术创新联盟、西南石油大学科研处、西南石油大学工业危废处置与资源化利用研究院、西南石油大学化学化工学院、中国危废技术网等共同主办的"工业危废处置与资源化利用先进技术交流大会"暨危废产业技术创新联盟年会在成都召开。会议支持媒体《环境工程学报》的学术编辑一行3人出席了此次会议。学术编辑靳炜作了题为《环境工程学报对工业危废处置与资源化     

涉重危废资源化利用理论体系

涉重危废是危险废物中污染属性和资源属性都极为突出的大类类别.从涉重危废中提取昂贵/高价/有价金属不但可从源头上阻断重金属进入环境,而且可实现稀缺金属资源的永续利用,因而成为环境和资源领域的热点课题.当前,涉重危废中金属提取回收工艺研究及工程实践大都基于离散物料的孤立个案和技术人员的个人经验,缺乏系统完整科学的理论指导,...     

水泥窑协同处置危险废物的烟气污染物排放特性研究

水泥窑协同处置技术能够有效地缓解危险废物(以下简称危废)的处置压力,是一项很有发展前景的危废处置技术。通过监测两座典型的新型干法水泥窑在协同处置危废时窑尾烟气中烟尘、SO2和NOx等污染物的排放浓度,评价两条水泥生产线在协同处置危废时污染物排放浓度能否达标。监测结果表明,水泥窑协同处置危废时烟气污染物浓度均低于《水泥工业大气污染物排放标准》(GB 4915—2013)和《水泥窑协同处置固体废物污染控制标准》(GB 30485—2013)规定的排放限值。同时,两座水泥窑烟气中烟尘、SO2、NOx和HF等污染物的排放因子均低于我国新型干法水泥窑污染物排放的平均值,表明两条水泥生产线窑尾烟气净化系统运行良好。此外,还研究了水泥窑协同处置危废前后二噁英排放毒性当量浓度的变化情况。     

涉重危废三维属性及其精细化分级分类体系

涉重危废是危险废物中非常独特的大类类别.重金属的不可降解性决定了其环境危害具有持久性,重金属的不可再生性决定了其资源属性具有稀缺性,因此,涉重危废的资源-环境交互属性受到国际社会越来越大的关注.但涉重危废的资源属性和污染属性与物料本身的结构复杂性存在密切关联.一方面,昂贵/高价金属的提取回收受到其复杂结构的干扰;另一方...     

浙江省环境保护科学设计研究院 固体废物处置与环境修复研究所

正研究方向土壤污染防治与控制技术固废资源化、无害化利用区域环境修复与质量管理业务范围污染场地及地下水调查、风险评估及修复技术咨询进口废物环境保护报告编制、申报材料编制及相关技术核查污泥减量化、无害化处置与资源利用技术咨询及技术核查危废及固废领域相关技术咨询、设计及技术核查技术力量自1999年起,我院从事固废领域环境咨询已经近15年,相关技术人员经验十分丰富。目前研究所拥有教授级高工1人,博士1人、具有中高级职称人员占人员总数的60%以上。     

浙江省环境保护科学设计研究院固体废物处置与环境修复研究所

正研究方向·土壤污染防治与控制技术·固废资源化、无害化利用·区域环境修复与质量管理业务范围·污染场地及地下水调查、风险评估及修复技术咨询·进口废物环境保护报告编制、申报材料编制及相关技术核查·污泥减量化、无害化处置与资源利用技术咨询及技术核查·危废及固废领域相关技术咨询、设计及技术核查技术力量自1999年起,我院从事固废领域环境咨询已经近15年,相关技术人员经验十分丰富。目前研究所拥有教授级高工1人,博士1人、具有中高级职称人员占人员总数的60%以上。     

高铁酸钾预处理垃圾渗滤液

采用自制高纯度高铁酸钾预处理危废填埋场和垃圾焚烧厂的垃圾渗滤液,探讨和分析了处理效果。正交实验表明,高铁酸钾预处理危废填埋场渗滤液COD的最佳条件为:高铁酸钾与COD的初始质量浓度比为0.5、渗滤液初始pH值4.00、反应温度30℃、反应时间40 min,此时COD去除率达71.51%。此最佳条件下高铁酸钾对不同类型垃圾渗滤液的色度、SS、COD、BOD5、氨氮、总磷、重金属离子等污染因子都具有良好的去除效果,危废填埋场渗滤液经高铁酸钾预处理后可以直接进入后续生化处理系统;垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液预处理后其COD为2 861.0 mg/L,经二次预处理也可进入生化处理系统。实验结果表明,高铁酸钾对不同类型垃圾渗滤液都具有良好的预处理效果。     

危废填埋项目环境水文地质勘查与分析

文中以宿迁市某危废填埋项目为例,采用水文地质调查、抽水试验、渗水试验等多种水文地质勘查方法,查明了评价区内的环境水文地质条件与特征,获得了预测评价所需的水文地质参数,为地下水环境影响评价提供了基础资料,也作为类似工程的场地环境水文地质勘查工作的参考。     

实验室废液降危减量化处理工艺与工程案例

实验室废液降危减量化处理是控制废液环境风险、缓解危废处置能力不足、降低处置成本的重要途径。系统解析了4种典型实验室废液水质特征,提出"分类预处理+二级处理+末端吸附"的废液降危减量化处理思路。现场处理结果表明:分类混合废液中汞、铬、铅等一类污染物浓度较工业废液低,经处理后一类污染物均可达标,最终可纳入社区污水处理与再生利用系统深度净化回用或达标纳管排放;采用该工艺可将实验室废液总量减量40%～90%,第三方委托处置成本可降低85%。该工艺与应用案例可为科技园区、研究所或大学的实验室废液处理处置提供参考。     

医药类废盐渣的燃烧/热解特性及动力学研究

分析了维生素B6医药类废盐渣成分,采用热重(TG)/差示扫描量热(DSC)对比了废盐渣的燃烧和热解特性,并通过Coats-Redfern积分法确定了不同升温速率下废盐渣的燃烧及热解动力学参数。结果表明:该类废盐渣主要含有氯盐及磷酸盐类物质。燃烧反应比热解反应对废盐渣的热处理效果更好。升温速率对废盐渣燃烧及热解反应的反应温度、活化能和指前因子均具有不同影响。废盐渣的热解过程可用两个一级反应来描述,燃烧过程可用两个一级反应和1个二级反应来描述。     

Chemical Manufacturers Association 1984 Hazardous Waste Survey

This paper discusses the Chemical Manufacturers Association's 1984 survey of the chemical industry's hazardous waste management practices. The survey data include a breakdown of how the industry's hazardous wastes are managed, detailing generation, treatment and disposal, and cover 725 plants in 81 companies. The 1984 survey is the third CM A hazardous waste survey, and the paper discusses resultant waste treatment trends from 1981- 1984, the period covered by previous surveys. A total of 278.5 million tons of hazardous waste was treated and disposed by survey respondents. Of this, 276.8 million tons was hazardous wastewater and 1.7 million tons was solid hazardous waste. The survey solid hazardous waste total was projected to the entire industry (Standard Industrial Code 2800) and is estimated at 6.9 million tons. The survey showed continued decreasing trends in hazardous waste generation in the chemical industry. It demonstrated changes in hazardous waste management practices, with decreased use of landfills and increased incineration of the solid wastes that are generated.     

浅谈无锡市危险废物产生情况与处置现状

无锡市作为江苏重点发展的城市,随着社会和经济的快速发展,危险废物产生量和种类不断增多。文中针对无锡市2011年—2018年危险废物产生量、综合利用与处置情况,分析危险废物处置利用存在的问题,同时,就目前危险废物存在的问题,提出科学合理的建议。     

A Survey of Graduate Education in Hazardous Waste Management

A brief, informal survey questionnaire was sent to 69 universities in the U.S. Forty-two schools responded. Of the 42 respondents, 30 offered one or more courses in hazardous waste management. The average number of courses offered was 1.76 at an average frequency of once per year. Approximately 400 students take the hazardous waste management courses each year. Only four schools provided explicit laboratory training in hazardous waste analysis/treatment. Sixty-nine percent of the respondents have a research program in hazardous waste management. Typical course outlines are presented. Equipment needs for a hazardous waste laboratory are suggested.     

Hazardous waste disposal in Germany: a case study of the site in Billigheim, Baden-Wurttemberg

The disposal of hazardous waste is a very critical issue. It is associated with many risks. Efforts are made to minimise these by consistent legislation and by proper treatment of the waste. The goal of a hazardous waste disposal site, as described in this paper, is to ensure that hazardous waste is treated and disposed of in a way that does not harm human beings or the environment. To assure this it is necessary to observe the handling of the hazardous waste from its producer up to the disposal site, and to identify possible inherent risks.     

Development implications of hazardous waste in urban environments: a problem that cannot be buried

Although the problem of hazardous waste has always been with us, relatively little is known about its effects on human health and the environment in many localities throughout the world. Nevertheless, as industrial economies and mass production systems emerge in the global periphery, hazardous waste has become an increasingly serious ecological, social, economic and political problem. As attempts to bury toxic waste have clear limitations, the need to educate the public, industry, and government is apparent. With the use of practical examples from African cities, this paper attempts to further awareness about the implications of hazardous waste in urban environments. We argue that adverse impacts of hazardous waste threaten to disrupt socioeconomic development strategies, and thus derail sustainable development initiatives.     

Air Pollution in the Republic of Korea

This paper discusses the potential for using commercially available treatment techniques to remove VOCs from hazardous waste streams and addresses some of the issues associated with making waste treatment a viable VOC emission control technique for hazardous waste management facilities. It discusses the waste streams of concern because of their volatile constituents and describes potentially applicable treatment techniques. The use of models for treatment process design is described. Finally, the paper discusses treatment cost, treatment residuals, and considerations of importance in choosing where in the life cycle of a hazardous waste stream to treat it.     

Hazardous wastes and economic risk reduction: case study, Poland

A concise summary balance of industrial and hazardous waste is given, reflecting the situation in Poland. Nearly 130 million tonnes of waste were generated annually in the past in more than 1300 larger industrial plants. Approximately 1800 million tonnes of industrial waste is already stockpiled. The amount of hazardous waste generated per year was 0.3 and 1.0 million tonnes of the first and second class of toxicity, respectively. Seventeen existing on-site incinerators cannot treat the whole amount of solid and hazardous waste generated. Therefore, landfilling is still the most widely used method of waste disposal. Decontamination of the abandoned areas left by the Soviet Army, and reclamation of some hundreds of storage sites filled with outdated pesticides are now added to the national plan of waste management. Its implementation, including introduction of the best available and best managed technologies of hazardous waste treatment and disposal, will take at least 20 to 30 years.     

危险废物处理技术进展及若干建议

较系统地论述了国内固体废物的目前状况、产量，分析了一些典型危险废物处理过程中存在的主要问题和解决方法，提出了深人开展危险废物处理与资源化研究的方向，并给出了环保部门应对危险废物进行处理的建议。     

危险废物分级管理方法研究

危险废物因具有毒性、易燃性、腐蚀性和反应性等多种危害特性,如果暴露于环境中将会对人类健康和生态环境造成很大威胁.深入分析了欧美等一些国家对危险废物进行分级管理的方法,针对中国目前危险废物的产生现状和管理现状,提出了综合考虑危险废物的产生量和活性大小等各个方面,借助风险评价对危险废物进行分级管理的方法和原则,以及相应的分级管理程序的建议,为完善中国的危险废物管理体系提供参考.     

Public Policy impacts on the Generation and Disposal of Hazardous Waste in New York State

A number of policies adopted by the federal government and the states have been designed to promote waste reduction or influence the choice of waste disposal technologies employed by generators of hazardous waste. Graphic analysis of smoothed time series data for hazardous wastes manifested in New York State for the period between June 1982 and February 1987 suggests that some of these policies have had the intended effects.

Significant shifts in manifested waste volumes are evident that coincide with the following policy interventions: (1) increased state waste-end tax rates; (2) state and federal landfill bans; (3) federal restrictions on burning hazardous wastes and waste oils for energy recovery; and (4) changes in the federal regulatory definition of hazardous waste. Other changes in waste generation and management appear to be attributable to such factors as state and regional economic conditions and changes in instate treatment and disposal facility capacity. Analysis of the management of specific waste types supports evidence from the graphic analysis that waste generators changed from land disposal to “higher” waste handling technologies in response to several policy interventions.