世界石油天然气工业HSE管理的新进展

健康、安全与环境管理体系已在石油天然气工业界得到广泛实施。在广泛吸纳国内外一些大型油气公司实践经验的基础上,针对世界石油天然气工业HSE管理的一些新发展作了简单介绍,其中包括质量、安全、健康与环境一体化管理体系的建立,环境管理体系认证的HSE管理体系的建立及HSE表现年度报告的外部验证。     

ISO14001环境管理体系与HSE管理体系整合技术原理和实践

通过对《环境管理体系 规范及使用指南》(ISO14001-1996)和《石油天然气工业健康、安全与环境管理体系》(SY/T6276—1997)的分析,提出了实现ISO14000环境管理体系与HSE管理体系整合的可行性,以及整合体系建立的技术要求,为已建立HSE体系石油企业进一步实施ISO14001认证提供了方法。     

建立与实施HSE管理体系应注意的几个问题

健康安全与环境(HSE)管理体系,是当今国际石油天然气行业通行的管理制度,体现了石油企业的现代化管理思想。目前,我们已初步建立了HSE管理体系,通过实施和运行提高HSE管理水平,我们认为在构筑HSE管理体系工作中应注意以下几点。1认识HSE管理要走出三个误区企业实行HSE管理已有几年时间,但在部分干部和职工中还存在着模糊认识和误区,以至影响了HSE管理体系实施的进程。一是“神秘感”的误区。认为HSE管理体系高深莫测,高不可攀,只有各方面条件全都成熟,才能实施HSE管理。而实际上HSE管理是传统安全、环境管理的继承与发展,石油企…     

关于建立石油石化企业环境、质量、职业安全卫生管理体系浅谈

企业建立环境管理、质量保证、职业安全与卫生三个国际标准体系，通过国际认证，表明该企业的管理实现了科学化、规范化，从而体现了企业管理的一致性和完整性。 中国已成为世界贸易组织的正式成员，因此与国际接轨，包括企业要按照国际标准进行各项管理工作，取得国际组织的认可已成为必需。目前，大多数石油石化企业建立了健康、安全与环境（HSE）管理体系和ISO 9000系列的质量保证体系，有的企业已在建立ISO 14001环境管理体系和（或）OHSAS 18001职业安全卫生管理体系，目的是取得国际组织的认证。但在一个企业中有若干管理体系并…     

浅议企业管理体系一体化模式

介绍了目前在企业内部推行的质量管理体系、职业健康安全管理体系、环境管理体系以及内部控制、企业文化、质量管理奖标准等的特点,分析了不同管理体系在企业管理中的不同优势和作用,提出了推行一体化管理的工作重点。文章指出,企业中有必要推行一体化管理体系模式,这种模式能提高企业的管理水平。     

不断努力 不断总结 不断改进 不断提高——中油股份公司化工与销售分公司沈钢副总经理在独山子HSE宣贯学习班上的讲话(摘编)

今天我们在独山子石化分公司开办宣贯HSE管理体系学习班,这也是我们化工与销售分公司正式开始实施HSE管理体系的誓师会。就是说从现在开始,我们化工与销售分公司和所属地区分公司就要全面开始建立和实施HSE管理体系。下面我就有关HSE方面的情况和要求讲几点意见。HSE管理体系结合了ISO 9000质量管理体系和ISO14000环境管理体系的优点,是当前国际石油界普遍采用的现代化管理方法。它吸取了ISO9000的戴明模式,即P（PLAN计划）、D（DO实施）、C（CHECK检查）、A（AUDIT审核总结）。同时,又吸取了ISO14000的持续改进的…     

推行HSE管理体系 提高环境管理水平

健康、安全与环境管理体系（简称HSE管理体系）,是国际石油勘探开发行业健康管理、安全管理、环境管理的一种系统方法,通过实施评价和风险管理,达到保障员工健康,保证安全生产,保护环境的目的。1997年以来,中原油田从建立完善HSE管理体系入手,通过开展HSE宣传教育,实施评价和风险管理,落实HSE管理计划,提高了环境管理水平,促进了环保工作的开展。     

高举环保大旗的石化企业——中国石油长庆石化公司

2008年3月，在陕西省召开的环保工作会上，中国石油长庆石化公司做评为全省首批4家“省级环境友好企业”之一。公司先后通过ISO9001质量管理体系、ISO14001环境管理体系、OHS18000职业健康管理体系和HSE（安全、健康、环境）体系认证，许完成了各体系的整合运行。长庆石化是中国石油天然气股份有限公司直属地区分公司。     

建立ISO 14001 / ISO 9001一体化管理体系

建立ISO14001／ISO9001环境／质量一体化管理体系是企业管理体系的发展方向。文章从建立ISO14001／ISO9001环境／质量一体化管理体系的优势、途径、文件结构内容、建议的环境／质量手册目次以及必要的程序文件清单等方面进行了总结、介绍。     

信息化在HSE管理体系建设中的作用

简述了HSE管理体系在领导承诺、实施与运行等四大管理要素中存在的典型问题,从强化管理职责、固化管理流程、丰富监管手段三个方面阐述了HSE信息系统在支持HSE管理体系中发挥的显著优势,并结合典型问题提出实施HSE信息化管理是解决目前健康安全环境问题的重要措施。     

环境水质自动监测系统建设与运行管理

结合山东省环境水质自动监测系统的实际,就环境水质自动监测系统的建设、运行、管理等核心问题进行研究,提出了智能化、实用性、统一性相结合的系统集成方案和监控平台建设整体设计思路,分析了实行社会化、专业化、规模化运营的必要性,从完善监管机制、严格绩效考核、科学审核数据三方面探讨了系统监督管理模式,例证了自动监测数据在环境管理工作中的全面应用。     

The impacts of road transport on air quality in the Greater Manchester region, UK: policies towards a sustainable transport system

The transport-induced air quality problems of the Greater Manchester region are examined. The problems are defined in terms of economic and social factors leading to the development of a car-based economy. The impacts of transport emissions on the natural and built environment and human health are discussed. The administrative, legislative and pollution control responses to the problem are examined. The nature of future air quality problems will require an integration of traffic management, land use, public transport and pollution control policies if they are to be satisfactorily addressed. A series of policy recommendations towards this end are included.     

EVALUATING THE OPTIONS FOR WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT1

ABSTRACT: The agricultural revolution occurred because the un-managed environment was not providing food in either the quantity or quality that society desired. The “environmental revolution” is developing because the unmanaged environment is clearly not capable of assimilating societal wastes without being seriously degraded. Effective environmental management will require regional and site-specific modification of general principles and practices that can be used at a national or international level. An environmental management system can be operated in the same manner as any industrial quality control system with three basic components: (a) sensors at appropriate locations, (b) rapid generation and feedback of information, and (c) a quality control group capable of taking immediate effective action when system performance is outside predetermined boundary conditions. This discussion focuses primarily on three areas: (a) management options available to regulate intrusion of societal wastes into natural systems, (b) types of methods available for predicting and validating effects on natural systems, and (c) modifications of present legislation that would permit the most flexibility in selecting from the various management options. Also considered are multispecies toxicity tests using species with cosmopolitan distribution in test systems with a high degree of environmental realism. Among the many values of such tests is the ability to exchange information from all parts of the world effectively because the test organisms are not restricted to a particular geographic region.     

From a culture of fixing to a culture of preventing at arm & hammer brand

Companies with a total quality management program in place are beginning to understand the need for of a fuller integration of environmental and health and safety functions within their overall quality framework. Intense international competition, a flat global economy, and an increasingly stringent environmental and health and safety regulatory climate are forcing management to consolidate whatever gains they have made on the compliance side. At the same time, a total quality approach demands flattening of hierarchies, increased empowerment in divisions and plant floors, and much greater integration through a team approach of most management functions. Making all of this work puts a heavy premium on communication and individual responsibility. As companies that are going through the process now understand, this calls for major changes in corporate culture and a deep commitment from top management. This article describes the quality improvement process at Church & Dwight, makers of the Arm & Hammer line of products, where the TQEM challenge is orchestrated by a triumvirate representing three management functions: engineering, quality, and marketing/public relations.     

Environmental planning,ecosystem science,and ecosystem approaches for integrating environment and development

Currently popular concepts such as sustainable development and sustainability seek the integration of environment and development planning. However, there is little evidence that this integration is occurring in either mainstream development planning or environmental planning. This is a function of the history, philosophies, and evolved roles of both. A brief review of the experience and results of mainstream planning, environmental planning, and ecosystem science suggests there is much in past scientific and professional practice that is relevant to the goal of integrated planning for environment and development, but still such commonly recommended reforms as systems and multidisciplinary approaches, institutional integration, and participatory, goal-oriented processes are rarely achieved. “Ecosystem approaches,” as developed and applied in ecology, human ecology, environmental planning, anthropology, psychology, and other disciplines, may provide a more transdisciplinary route to successful integration of environment and development. Experience with ecosystem approaches is reviewed, their advantages and disadvantages are discussed, and they are compared to traditional urban and regional planning, environmental planning, and ecosystem science approaches. Ultimately a synthesis of desirable characteristics for a framework to integrate environment and development planning is presented as a guide for future work and a criterion for evaluating existing programs.     

Strengthening business with a new vision at avery dennison

This article presents a case study regarding initiatives, apparent failures, and successes that the Avery Dennison Materials Group organization encountered over the last five years in creating and sustaining environmental awareness throughout its organization. This awareness encompasses considerations thought to position the organization to compete against the core elements proposed within the ISO 14001 environmental management system protocol. While Avery Dennison's Materials Group has undertaken many initiatives which strive to achieve business integration, this article focuses primarily on three environmental management systems believed to be the foundation for a manufacturing or service organization—a foundation built on sustainable compliance, incorporation of quality management concepts, and the fulfillment of environmental performance expectations driven by the community at large. Those three programs are (1) an Environmental Stewardship Policy with specific environmental operating principles, (2) Environmental Control Instructions (ECIs), which establish accountability for proper operation, and (3) an Environmental Management System Assessment similar to the Global Environmental Management Initiatives (GEMI) environmental self-assessment tool. These cornerstones provide a basis for the construction of a management program pyramid, the top of which results in a quality process for making effective business decisions by integrating core environmental operating principles.     

Issues,impacts, and implications of shrimp aquaculture in Thailand

Water quality impacts to and from intensive shrimp aquaculture in Thailand are substantial. Besides the surface and subsurface salinization of freshwaters, loadings of solids, oxygen-consuming organic matter, and nutrients to receiving waters are considerable when the cumulative impacts from water exchange during the growout cycle, pond drainage during harvesting, and illegal pond sediment disposal are taken into account. Although just beginning to be considered in Thailand, partial recirculating and integrated intensive farming systems are producing promising, if somewhat limited, results. By providing on-site treatment of the effluent from the shrimp growout ponds, there is less reliance on using outside water supplies, believed to be the source of the contamination.The explosion in the number of intensively operated shrimp farms has not only impacted the coastal zone of Thailand, but has also resulted in an unsustainable aquaculture industry. Abandonment of shrimp ponds due to either drastic, disease-caused collapses or more grandual, year-to-year reductions in the productivity of the pond is common. To move Thailand towards a more sustainable aquaculture industry and coastal zone environment, integrated aquaculture management is needed. Components of integrated aquaculture management are technical and institutional. The technical components involve deployment of wastewater treatment and minimal water-use systems aimed at making aquaculture operations more hydraulically closed. Before this is possible, technical and economic feasibility studies on enhanced nitrification systems and organic solids removal by oxidation between production cycles and/or the utilization of plastic pond liners need to be conducted. The integration of semi-intensive aquaculture within mangrove areas also should be investigated since mangrove losses attributable to shrimp aquaculture are estimated to be between 16 and 32% of the total mangrove area destroyed betweeen 1979 and 1993.Government policy needs to devote as much attention to sustainability issues as it has on promoting intensive pond culture. Such a balanced policy would include training and education monitoring and enforcement, rehabilitating abandoned ponds, managing land use within the coastal zone, more community involvement, and government reorganization to eliminate overlapping jurisdictions among agencies.As integrated aquaculture management becomes more the practice than the exception, less risk of crop failure to the industry and reduced discharge loadings from intensively managed shrimp ponds to receiving waters can be expected. Projected limitations on growing and marketing shrimp in the future, such as scarcity of land and broodstock, continued disease outbreaks, negative publicity, regulatory enforcement, water treatment and solids disposal costs, and increased competition from growers in other Asian countries will also drive the government and the industry towards adopting integrated aquaculture management.The data for this paper was obtained while the senior author was a Visiting Fulbright Researcher at the Coastal Resources Institute (CORIN), Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.     

Corporate environmental management study shows shift from compliance to strategy

The Abt study of forty-one mostly Fortune 200 nonservice firms forms a new picture of environmental management. We present data indicating that environmental management is becoming central to corporate strategy and is being managed as an arena of competition rather than as a compliance-driven function. We look at environmental management's new role through four lenses: its relationship to strategic planning; its evolving management structures that show environment increasingly integrated into the main functions of the business; innovation in corporate environmental investments reflecting new drivers beyond compliance; and new management systems and measures of firm-wide performance that demonstrate that environment is being seen increasingly as an arena of competitive concern. We argue that much of the change is driven by three realities. First, as customers integrate environmental values into their conceptions of product quality, they are buying more products with identifiably environmental attributes. This change translates environmental management, historically a cost center, into a potential source of sales revenue, a change which cannot be underestimated. Second, recent life-threatening damage to the global ecosystem and atmosphere reframes environmental management. This moves firms toward a systemic and global approach matched to the globalization of competitive and market concerns, and it places environmental management in the strategic sphere. And third, pollution prevention in its cross-fertilization with total quality management is driving firms to focus on managing environment as an integral part of product management, and is helping them to reassess environmental performance as a contributor to productivity and innovation.     

流域非点源水污染排放清单估算系统构建

基于流域水质改善与水环境管理需求,结合目前流域非点源水污染排放存在的问题,本研究采用SOA-B/S架构,运用MVC6和GIS与环境模型集成关键技术,构建流域非点源水污染排放清单估算系统,并系统梳理了地形数据、污染源环境统计数据、气象数据等基础信息,采用基于输出系数法的非点源水污染负荷估算模型,实现了对全年及年内各分水期非点源水污染排放清单的处理分析和估算。系统通过数据库、GIS平台、模型集成和业务系统建设,实现了对不同时间和空间尺度下不同地区的非点源水污染负荷估算,推进了流域非点源污染排放的信息化、科学化及可视化管理,为决策者制定流域水环境管理措施和方案提供了有力的技术支持。