莫让低碳脚步迈入误区

编辑同志:最近,为了宣传"低碳经济",践行"低碳生活",某石化企业居然将运行了多年的电梯停止使用了。人们不禁要问:"停止使用电梯就是低碳吗?"停止使用电梯就是低碳,来源于人们认为电梯停了可以节电,节电就是低碳,这实际上是一种误区!其实,这是对低碳生活的误解。低碳生活虽然厉行节约,但并不是不让人们去享受美好生活,也不是让人们回归原始社会,更不是降低人们的消费欲求。     

电机在一般环境条件下使用的湿热试验要求（报批稿）

1范围 本标准规定了在一般环境条件下使用的旋转电机的湿热试验方法、技术要求和检验规则。本标准适用于各种类型的旋转电机（微型控制电机除外,以下简称电机）。按GB 755规定,使用环境相对湿度为：最湿月平均最高相对湿度为90%,同时该月月平均最低温度不高于25℃的电机应符合本标准的规定。     

中华人民共和国国家标准热带型旋转电机环境技术要求

热带型旋转电机(包括大、中、小型及小功率电机,以下简称电机)应符合本标准的规定,凡本标准未作规定及说明者,应符合GB755《旋转电机基本技术要求》、GB5171《小功率电机通用技术条件》及其相应产品的专用技术条件的规定。 1 主题内容及适用范围 本标准规定了电机的防护类型、使用环境条件等级参数、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则及标志等。     

发展循环经济 打造绿色钢铁——鞍钢集团矿渣开发公司节能减排纪实

鞍钢集团矿渣开发公司位于辽宁省鞍山市,是目前国内最大的冶金渣综合开发利用专业化企业。多年来,公司紧紧围绕节能减排,发展循环经济,保护生态环境,打造绿色钢铁这个中心,坚持建设"两大基地",构筑"两大中心",实现"两大目标"发展战略,依靠科技进步,不断探索冶金渣高附加值产品研发途径,大力发展循环经济,实现了行业领军、技术领先。先进工艺保障绿色生产2008年,公司在掌握了钢渣处理     

生态同行 储蓄未来——上海市普陀区恒德小学生态文明教育纪实

正恒德小学是上海市普陀区桃浦镇一所公建配套学校,创建于1998年8月,现有19个教学班,在校学生660名,教职工58名。2007年3月,学校建立了"七彩星"气象站,于2008年被评为"上海市气象科普特色学校",2009年被评为普陀区环境教育基地,2010年荣获"节能减排与可持续发展学校——社会行动项目示范学校",2011年成为"中英气候课堂加盟学校",2012年获"全国气象科普教育基地—示范校园气象站"称号,2013年成为"中国中小学气候变化教育行动"试点学校,2014年荣获"上海市学校少年宫"、"联合国     

环境教育走进课堂,培育生态文明情怀——江苏省镇江市丹徒高级中学生态文明教育纪实

正江苏省镇江市丹徒高级中学占地近10万平方米,绿化面积25000余平方米,绿化率25.84%。学校布局合理,环保节能,环境优美。学校于2005年被评为"镇江市绿色学校",2012年被评为"江苏省文明单位",2013年被评为"江苏省节水型学校"。加强教育管理,落实生态文明教育学校加强对生态文明建设的领导和管理。校长积极引领。在推进生态文明教育的过程中,黄卫荣校长不仅坚持"绿色教     

节能减排 清洁生产 建设一流绿色环保矿山——包钢(集团)公司白云鄂博铁矿节能减排工作

白云鄂博铁矿于1957年建矿,是包钢(集团)公司的主要原料基地,位于内蒙古自治区包头市达茂旗境内,以矿床类型奇特、矿物种类繁多、稀土和铌蕴藏量大而驰名中外。建矿54年来,白云鄂博铁矿始终坚持"在保护中开采、在开采中保护",大力推进节能减排和清洁生产,严格执行环保除尘设施与主体生产设施同步运行,在环境污染防治方面采取了很多行之有     

基于人工神经网络建模的PTC功率智能检测技术

PTC是家用空调器中主要器件之一,具有耗电量大、非线性的特征。目前PTC常用的功率检测方法是通过"专用电量计量芯片结合电压、电流采样电路"来实现,存在成本高和可靠性低问题。提出一种基于人工神经网络的PTC功率纯软件计算方法,无需增加任何硬件成本。通过实验验证,精度达±3%,满足产品化需求,成熟可靠。     

数字

225亿千瓦时发展改革委、财政部组织实施"节能产品惠民工程"一年半以来形成年节电225亿千瓦时,年节油30万吨,减排二氧化碳超过1400多万吨的能力。据发展改革委提供的数据,为实施惠民工程,中央财政共安排160多亿元,推广高效节能空调3400多万台、节能汽车100多万辆、节能灯3.6亿多只。据初步测算,直接拉     

中国区域粮食生产与消费中的虚拟耕地平衡研究

从不同尺度分析了我国2008年粮食生产、消费中的虚拟耕地含量及虚拟耕地平衡空间分布规律.主要结论为:①2008年粮食生产虚拟耕地北方比南方多32396.8×107m2,人均粮食生产虚拟耕地量北方远远高于全国平均水平和南方,因粮食生产形成较为典型的虚拟耕地“北土南调”现象.②2008年粮食消费虚拟耕地北方比南方多6851.62×107m2.③从粮食生产与消费的虚拟耕地平衡空间分布规律来看,2008年虚拟耕地调出区全部位于我国北方地区,集中分布在两大地带:一是由黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古、新疆、宁夏5省(区)组成的我国北方边境沿线地带,二是由河南、安徽组成的中部区;调入区则集中在由东部沿海地区、中部省份和西部内陆省份组成的环状地带.     

抽油机液压刹车制动装置的研究与应用

抽油机刹车系统是作业及维护、保养、检修工作时,确保员工人身安全的重要安全制动装置。目前,刹车系统存在较大安全隐患。文章研究了抽油机刹车安全制动系统的分类及工作原理,分析了存在的安全隐患,提出了采用抽油机液压刹车制动保险销装置。该技术解决了抽油机传统刹车装置存在的问题,并获得了国家专利。应用效果表明:新设计提高了刹车系统安全制动性能。     

MODELS FOR WATER AND POWER SCHEDULING FOR THE CALIFORNIA STATE WATER PROJECT1

ABSTRACT: A large-scale simulation/optimization model provides schedules for operation of water and power for the California State Water Project (SWP). The SWP consists of a series of reservoirs linked by rivers, pumping plants, canals, tunnels, and generating plants and is operated by the California Department of Water Resources. The Department provides water to municipal and agricultural users, and manages its electrical loads and resources. The model, therefore, performs hydraulic and electrical computations leading to optimal operation of the entire system. It consists of hydraulic network programming components to meet the storage objectives at all the reservoirs, a linear programming component to determine the schedules at pumping and generating plants, an electrical network programming component to balance electrical loads and resources, and a number of other simulation components. It operates on yearly, weekly, and daily bases. It is primarily used for real-time operation of the SWP and can provide hourly detail schedules which are implemented by the SWP staff via a computerized system.     

A stochastic approach for the operation of a wind and pumped storage plant under a deregulated environment

To improve the competiveness in the energy market, it is necessary that the wind power plants provide guaranteed power generation, although, it is not possible to forecast power availability from wind power plant accurately. This paper presents a stochastic model and solution technique for the combined operation of wind and pumped storage power plants to improve the power availability and increasing the profit considering uncertainties of wind power generation. In this model, uncertainties in wind data have been forecasted for grid connected day-ahead market using Weibull distribution model. The imbalances in the forecasted wind data and the market demand have been reduced by operating the pumped storage power plant. In this stochastic mixed integer problem, pumped storage plant can take the supply either from the grid or from the wind power plant for the pumping operation to store the energy in order to utilize this energy during peak hours for increasing the overall revenue. The reliability of the pumped storage is improved by replacing the conventional unit with the adjustable speed type pumped storage unit. In order to prove the optimality of the solution, two case studies were considered. In case study–I, scheduling is provided by operating the conventional pumped storage unit, whereas in case study–II, adjustable speed pumped storage unit has been used. It has been found that the adjustable speed pumped storage unit has further reduced the imbalance between generated power and demand. The complete approach has been formulated and implemented using AMPL software.     

新型节能电源控制技术在电除尘器上的应用

对当前电除尘器的主流节能技术进行了综合分析和论证,指出应通过先进的电源控制产品优化除尘器运行方式来实现除尘器的节能高效运行,利用高频电源技术达到电除尘器节能减排的目的。     

全国碳市场启动后北京热电行业低碳运行管理方式研究

随着四大热电中心的建成投产,北京市完成了由燃机替代煤机的转变,实现了更加智能化的清洁能源发电供热。2013年北京市碳市场启动运行,给刚起步的燃气供热机组运行赋予了更广阔和更深远的意义;2017年12月19日,以发电行业为突破口,全国碳排放交易体系正式启动,北京市热电行业低碳运行管理意义重大而深远。本文以燃气热电联产机组运行数据为基础,通过计算分析,提出燃气热电联产机组清洁、高效、低碳运行方式,为全国碳市场启动后,北京乃至全国热电行业低碳运行管理提供经验借鉴。     

水利水电工程建设对荒漠河岸林草的影响分析研究

以新疆喀什噶尔河流域克孜河卡拉贝利水利枢纽工程为例,采用水均衡模型计算方法,从工程建成后区域荒漠河岸林草耗水量变化、荒漠河岸林草区地下水位变化情况、工程建成后洪水过程变化等方面分析工程建设对工程影响区荒漠河岸林草的影响。评价结果显示,工程建成后,与现状相比荒漠河岸林草植被的耗水量有所增加,区域平均地下水埋深仍能维持现状,在河岸林草生长和繁殖的6-9月,区域地下水位较现状略有上升,可满足大部分荒漠河岸林草植被的正常生长需求,水库对5年一遇标准以下洪水不调蓄,不会对荒漠河岸林草的繁衍存活产生明显不利影响。     

A wind-solar PV hybrid power system with battery backup for water pumping in remote localities

After energy, water is the most critical commodity to be made available to people to keep them alive. Saudi Arabia has vast land and people are living in all regions. Most of these are connected to national grid but some are not, especially in remote areas like in the north, south, and west south. Pumping water in remote areas for domestic needs like agriculture and animals beside human needs is essential and require regular power supply. The present idea of wind-PV-Battery hybrid power system based on 100% renewable source is being proposed to utilize and tested in some of the regions on experimental bases. Of the five locations chosen for the purpose, namely Dhahran, Riyadh, Jeddah, Guriat and Nejran, some are good from both wind and solar intensity point of view some have good winds only and some good solar only. Nearly optimal size of PV-Wind water pumping system is determined for each of these sites considering the availability of solar and wind energy distributions throughout the year in these sites. It is shown that the monthly total water pumping capacity when using nearly optimal PV-Wind water pumping system is fairly uniform throughout the year except for the sites of Guriat and Riyadh. In these sites higher water pumping capacity is observed during the spring and summer months. On the other hand the cost of underground water pumping is found to vary between 6 to 12 US¢/m³ for the five sites considered.     

火电厂电除尘器电控系统的节能改造

电除尘器是火力发电厂的高能耗设备,从细节入手,挖掘电除尘器节能潜力,利用原有设备进行改造,采用简易脉冲供电方式和临界反电晕供电方式可以提高电除尘器电能的利用率,大幅度地降低电除尘器的能耗,实现节能。通过对电除尘器电控系统改造实例的前后电场参数进行比较,说明这种改造方法是可行的,实现了经济、节能与环保三者的兼顾与统一。     

CFD analysis on the performance of a solar chimney power plant system: Case study in Algeria

The solar chimney power plant (SCPP) is a power generator which uses solar radiation to increase the internal energy of the air circulating in the system, thereby transforming the useful gain of the solar collector into kinetic energy. The produced kinetic energy then can be converted into electrical energy by means of an appropriate turbine. In this paper, four locations in Algeria

(Constantine, Ouargla, Adrar, and Tamanrasset) were considered as case studies to describe the SCPP mechanism in detail. Numerical simulation of an SCPP which has the same geometrical dimensions was performed to estimate the power output of SCPP in these regions. Using the CFD software FLUENT we simulated a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of a SCPP with the standard k-ε turbulence model. The simulation results show that the highest power output produced monthly average value 68–73 KW over the year and the highest hourly power produced in June is around 109–113 KW.     

网络安全技术在供电系统数据网中的应用

本文详细叙述了信息系统安全的概念,讨论了信息系统安全体系框架的各个组成部分及其之间的关系。系统地研究信息安全技术。根据信息安全体系结构,从网络基础平台、业务系统接入、安全防护等几方面总结未来几年内产生的业务及安全需求,结合目前网络中存在的安全风险提出相关的解决措施。根据网络安全设计原则和不同安全技术的特点设计给出网络改造整体方案：网络分层分区方案、分区域说明网架设计方案、下级网络的接入方案以及网络高可靠性设计方案。