火驱尾气排放系统研究及应用

针对火驱开发过程中尾气存在的安全隐患及对油井产量的影响,对现有的工艺流程进行优化,实现气液分输、安全外排,保证集输系统的安全性,同时建立安全防控体系、定时监测,消除安全隐患;并对现有的尾气处理工艺进行改造,将传统的脱硫罐串联改为并联,增大了处理能力。同时增加管径尺寸,降低了收气阻力,提高了尾气处理速度,最终提高单井产量。解决了火驱开发过程中的瓶颈难题,为火驱项目的规模化应用提供了保障。     

改进抽油机井“功率平衡”测试实现节能降耗

目前在抽油机井管理中普遍采用的平衡标准是"电流平衡",并认定电流平衡度在80%～120%之间时抽油机即为平衡。而真正判断抽油机平衡的标准是"功率平衡",即抽油机运行过程中,下冲程内电机平均功率与上冲程内电机平均功率相等。抽油机功率平衡既能实现节能目的,又能保证抽油机安全运行。从2008年7月开始率先在胜利油田进行抽油机功率平衡技术的试验及推广,2008年共调整抽油机功率平衡118井次,平均单日节电21.4kW.h,平均节电率9.90%,取得了良好的节能效果。     

从源头排查隐患预防安全事故

<正>中国石化天然气榆济管道分公司以"我为安全做诊断"活动为载体,对天然气外输运行装置从细处着手,全方位开展春季安全隐患排查工作,从源头上预防安全事故。图为2019年2月5日,榆济管道分公司河南管理处南     

要闻

环保部:对危险化学品企业等实施环境安全大检查近日,环保部下发了《关于开展2013年环境安全大检查的通知》。根据《通知》,重点检查尾矿库企业和存在危险化学品生产、储存、运输、使用、废弃等环节的企业。对未开展大检查或大检查工作不到位而引发重大突发环境事件的,要实行挂牌督办,并依法追究相关责任人责任;对存在重大环境安全隐患且整改治理无望的尾矿库,提出     

汽车制动系统的匹配设计

通过对汽车制动系统的原理及结构性能的探讨,进一步掌握整车新产品开发设计中制动系统的匹配计算.     

电解海水制氯稳定运行方案研究

河北某公司自备电站采用海水作为循环冷却水源,为了抑制冷却水中藻类及细菌微生物的大量繁殖,保障机组安全运行,电解制氯装置需全年投入运行。文章分析了电解海水制氯系统全年运行存在的问题,并讨论了解决措施,提出了改造方案及改造期间的保障措施。     

汽车制动系统的匹配设计

通过对汽车制动系统的原理及结构性能的探讨,进一步掌握整车新产品开发设计中制动系统的匹配计算.     

防雷检测技术在柴达木盆地光伏发电中的应用

太阳能光伏发电站的光伏发电系统及建构筑物都需采取防雷措施,合理有效的防雷系统是电站安全可靠运行的保障,而防雷系统处于良好的工作状态是其发挥防护作用的基础。所以,人们通过防雷检测来确保防雷装置的有效运行。但从当前光伏发电站防雷检测的实际情况来看,仍然存在难点。为此,文章对太阳能光伏发电站的防雷装置检测流程与检测方法进行了分析,论述了具体的检测内容,并结合防雷装置的特性以及发电站内部结构特性解决防雷检测存在的难点,提高检测质量与检测效率。     

乌鲁木齐和平渠治理中人工湿地的应用探讨

和平渠是乌鲁木齐河流经乌鲁木齐市区的人工渠道，存在着严重的安全问题和水污染问题。在已经提出的各种治理方案中，对这两个问题的解决，常常存在着尖锐的矛盾。探讨人工湿地系统在和平渠治理中的具体应用，以期达到既能消除安全隐患又能改善水环境的生态效应。     

各省动态

四川：排查核与辐射安全隐患 从5月中旬至6月底,四川省结合“安全生产月”活动和汛期环境安全工作,在全省范围内开展一次核与辐射安全隐患应急排查,对辖区内涉源单位按内容逐一核查,着重检查管理制度、应急预案制定和落实情况等。活动旨在有效应对全省当前突发环境事件高发的严峻态势,通过查制度、查落实、查源头、查预案,全力保障全省环境安全。     

Experimental investigations on regeneration energy and energy management strategy in series hydraulic/electric synergy system

This research work draws an insight into the experimental investigations on a series hydraulic/electric synergy system—a green transportation system. An experimental test rig of the system with all necessary sensors and instrumentation has been developed to study the energy saving through hydraulic regenerative braking. The effect of various system parameters, such as braking time, maximum accumulator pressure, pre-charge pressure of hydro-pneumatic accumulator, volumetric displacement of the hydraulic master pump, and hydraulic regeneration pump on the quantum of regeneration energy, was analyzed. In addition, an AMESim model of the real-time experimental test rig has been developed and validated with experimental results. A set of five different experimental designs (parameter variations) of the system is defined with the available standard component sizes. The best design is selected of the available experimental designs based on the maximum hydraulic regeneration energy and regeneration efficiency. It was observed that the selected design has an energy efficiency of 13.3% and a regeneration efficiency of 43.8%. An accumulator-centric control strategy for energy management is developed and implemented on the experimental test rig configured with the selected design. The effectiveness of the control strategy is tested through experiments and simulation on the developed test rig.     

ECONOMIC DESIGN OF CENTRAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS FOR MEDIUM SIZED TOWNS1

ABSTRACT. Adequate and good-quality water supply for medium sized towns is costly when there are insufficient quantity and low quality of groundwater or surface water. In a central water supply system serving a number of towns, the economies of scale may permit a sufficient and good-quality supply at lesser rates. Such a system has the flexibility of supplying rural population through small service lines. The system may be an interbasin or intrabasin conveyance depending on the location of a suitable water source and the economics of the supply network. Seven cost elements are pertinent to the optimum or least-cost design of network consisting of pipelines and pumping stations. The relevant cost functions are based on the available data gathered from various sources. Water conveyance costs are calculated for various flow rates, pipeline diameters, flow variabilities, static heads, and interest rates, thus providing a measure of sensitivity of the conveyance cost to such variations. The economies of scale, the sensitivity of optimum unit conveyance costs, and variations in unit costs with change in cost functions are useful in making a feasibility study for a proposed conveyance system.     

Demonstration of a high throughput on-board hydrogen generation reactor system using aluminum coil as fuel for a vehicle

A novel on-board hydrogen generation concept using Al coil with NaOH was investigated. The reaction rate was successfully controlled by introducing a pumping system for the NaOH solution. The time for the flow to develop fully was mainly dependent on the solution temperature, and the fastest start time recorded was 60 sec at a solution temperature of 70°C. The maximum H₂ generation rate was 200 L min^–1 with a prototype design of the on-board hydrogen generation system 1/8 times the size of a full-size reactor. The H₂ generation process coupled with the solution pumping system was simulated with three-dimensional fluid dynamic software, and the calculated H₂ flow and temperature rise of the system were validated with experimental data.     

光杆断脱自动防喷装置的研制

抽油井在运行过程中时有因光杆断脱导致的井口失控油气泄漏,从而引起安全环保生产事故。为解决该类问题,研制一种光杆断脱自动防喷装置。通过前期设计、室内实验及现场实验,逐步改良结构和密封方式,使该装置具备了安装简单、现场操作方便、运行稳定可靠、能在光杆断脱后自动密封控制井口等特点,有效消除了环境、安全等次生事故发生。     

GROUND WATER DROUGHT MANAGEMENT BY A FEEDFORWARD CONTROL METHOD1

ABSTRACT: Management of a regional ground water system to mitigate drought problems at the multi‐layered aquifer system in Collier County, Florida, is the main topic. This paper developed a feedforward control system that consists of system and control equations. The system equation, which forecasts ground water levels using the current measurements, was built based on the Kalman filter algorithm associated with a stochastic time series model. The role of the control equation is to estimate the pumping reduction rate during an anticipated drought. The control equation was built based on the empirical relationship between the change in ground water levels and the corresponding pumping requirement. The control system starts with forecasting one‐month‐ahead ground water head at each control point. The forecasted head is in turn used to calculate the deviation of ground water heads from the monthly target specified by a 2‐in‐10‐year frequency. When the forecasted water level is lower than the target, the control system computes spatially‐varied pumping reduction rates as a recommendation for ground water users. The proposed control system was tested using hypothetical droughts. The simulation result revealed that the estimated pumping reduction rates are highly variable in space, strongly supporting the idea of spatial forecasting and controlling of ground water levels as opposed to a lumped water use restriction method used previously in the model area.     

输油气管道体系审核问题整改与防治

某管道公司近3年体系审核及设备设施专项审核结果表明,输油气管道体系存在的问题主要集中在设备设施、应急管理、风险管理、现场管理、能力培训和目视化管理等方面,其中设备设施安全问题最为突出,设计、施工和运营管理过程中存在的问题是导致现场设备设施出现问题的主要原因。文章提出管道公司应建立管道全生命周期的管理理念,联合设计和施工单位,层层把关,实现对整个输油气管道体系审核问题的整改与防治;积极推行管道企业信息化建设,探索建设智能管道是管道公司一个重要的发展方向。     

水平冲击对单元货物的影响

对分隔式单元货物和单件组合式单元货物进行了水平冲击试验。根据试验结果,分析了在托盘尺寸、中空结构、结构不紧凑等单元货物结构上存在的问题。提出了单元货物包装结构设计的建议。