共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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以资源型国有企业为基础,政府推动为主导是我国大批资源型城市诞生的方式,也是引发后来资源型国有企业改制重组、资源型城市转型和社会稳定的主要原因。在新形势下,选择有利于地区经济长期发展和社会稳定的矿业开发模式,是我国资源开采工作所要考虑的首要问题。归纳出可移动城镇模式、长距离通勤模式和兴建新城3种矿业开发模式,比较了它们对周边经济发展、劳动用工、社会稳定等方面的不同影响和各自的适用情形,希望能为今后的矿业开发活动提供有益的参考。 相似文献
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《资源开发与市场》2015,(11)
在总结国内外水资源承载力相关研究的基础上,构建简单、可操作的评价模型,测算水资源对人口、工业、矿产资源开发和污水容纳量的承载能力。以辽宁鞍山铁矿业经济区为例进行实证研究,计算出鞍山铁矿业经济区2012年水资源对人口、工业、矿产资源开发和污水容纳的承载力,以及2002—2012年该矿业经济区水资源所能承载的最大经济规模和人口规模,并与实际值进行比较。研究结果表明:1辽宁鞍山铁矿业经济区水资源对工业和矿产资源开发的承载力已处于超载状态,对人口和污水容纳量仍在可承载的范围内;2水资源经济承载指数和人口承载指数变化趋势基本一致,但在2002年和2003年水资源人口承载指数略高于经济承载指数,同时也表明转型中的鞍山铁矿业经济区经济增长和人口规模发展趋于协调。 相似文献
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熊正贤 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2008,18(2):61-64
近几年,秀山锰矿业的快速发展对秀山经济发展做出了巨大贡献,但在发展过程显现出来的产业链条短、科技水平低、企业规模小、布局分散、管理混乱、污染严重等问题同样不可忽视;文章从调整产业结构,延长产业链条、走节约发展道路,发展与环保并重、加强资源管理,规范锰业发展等三个方面进行分析,为政府决策提供有益参考. 相似文献
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实施循环经济推动大型煤炭企业可持续发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
经济发展与环境保护之间的矛盾,一直是困扰国有大型煤炭企业发展的大问题,循环经济模式能够从根本上解决这一矛盾.本文以龙口矿业集团公司为例,论述了发展循环经济是实现煤炭企业可持续展的必由之路. 相似文献
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西藏产业经济布局与优化调整策略初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
西藏的产业经济布局和产业发展模式与内地不同,呈现低密度、空间不均衡、内部结构不均衡等特点,布局模式为传统产业布局类型模式。西藏产业布局分区可以分为农牧业及农牧业综合开发分区、经济布局和产业发展非均衡战略分区等。传统农牧业呈现立体布局,效益与结构矛盾突出;工业为传统资源和交通导向型布局,发展水平偏低;第三产业布局相对集中,异常超速发展。提出了产业布局优化调整的发展对策。 相似文献
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经济发展与生态环境保护相协调、双赢是生态文明建设的核心,也是生态文明的基本特征。本研究使用生态质量、环境质量以及经济发展指标构建协同发展指数,评估我国337个地级及以上城市2017年的生态环境质量与经济发展的协同度,按照评估结果将337个城市分为协同增长、金色污染、绿色贫困和拮抗发展4种类型。评估结果显示,2017年中国经济发展指数优于生态环境质量。其中,金色污染类型城市数量最多(122个,占总面积的21.89%);绿色贫困类型城市面积占比最大(76个,占总面积的32.86%);拮抗发展类型城市65个,占总面积的30.26%;协同增长类型城市74个,占总面积的14.99%。通过量化生态环境质量与经济发展的协同程度,以期为生态文明建设和“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念实践提供科学理论支撑。 相似文献
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The impact of surface mining for coal on the nature and extent of freshwater wetlands was assessed on 73,200 ha in western Pennsylvania. The influence of mining on wetlands was not uniform across physiographic regions, varying with regional differences in hydrology and soils. Overall, mined lands supported 18% more palustrine wetlands than unmined lands, primarily because of a 270% gain in permanent, open-water wetlands on mined lands in the glaciated region. Open-water wetlands declined on mined lands in unglaciated regions owing to unfavorable hydrologic conditions. The number and size of emergent wetlands declined as a result of mining. Mined lands supported 81% fewer riverine wetlands than unmined lands. This was caused primarily by avoidance of lands containing streams, and secondarily by a 10% reduction in replacement of riverine wetlands during reclamation. Land managers need to develop land use policies that maximize the ecological and social benefits that can be derived from developing diverse wetland communities on mined lands. 相似文献
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The ethnically diverse high-altitude region of Gilgit-Baltistan, with its complex political history, remains relatively free from the controlling gaze of the central state apparatus of Pakistan. In these extraordinary terrain, where local communities rule the region as the “State by proxy”, informal gemstone mining provides an important supplement to livelihoods. This paper shows that gemstone mining in Gilgit-Baltistan is characterised by customary rules and regulations that are based on collective responsibility, and members follow customary authorities because they are not external to the community. It argues that the very idea of centralised “governance” of mineral resources, used widely in contexts of resource extraction as the panacea, needs to be reconsidered when dealing with the particularities of the context. It draws on the concept of ungovernability to underline the fact that sometimes it may simply be impossible to administer informal mining in the conventional sense of the term. It suggests in conclusion that informal mining, which has a long history in Pakistan and has played an increasing role as a source of rural employment and revenue, needs to be accommodated within the legal framework of mining. More importantly, to govern informal mining of gemstones, the first task would be to consider how things are currently done, understanding and respecting customary laws, and build upon them to incorporate their elements into systems that acknowledge community rights and a more equitable sharing of benefits. 相似文献
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Informality in mineral resource management in Asia: Raising questions relating to community economies and sustainable development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt 《Natural resources forum》2004,28(2):123-132
Informal mining activities provide livelihoods for millions of poor in mineral‐rich developing countries. Yet, they continue to remain one of the least understood areas in mineral resource management. While its poverty reduction potential is acknowledged, the heterogeneous forms of mining that come under its purview are not well discussed. This article aims to draw attention to the politics of definition by briefly introducing the reader to the nomenclature currently used to describe such mining activities. Then the article examines the nature of informality that justifies the name, and then illustrates the claim by documenting a range of informal mining practices in India with cited examples from other Asian countries. It illustrates the variations in social‐economic, technical and legal characteristics, by putting such mining in a community and participatory framework. Finally, the article discusses ways to move towards sustainable development with community participation in mineral‐rich areas of developing countries. 相似文献
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This paper argues that actions of large-scale mining companies at the early stages of a mining project establish a legacy which sets the tone for that mine's long-term relationship with the local artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) stakeholders. This paper compares the experiences of Gold Fields' Tarkwa and Damang mines and the divergent histories of each of these mines' relationship with local small-scale mining stakeholders. Circumstances at Damang during the discovery and early development of the project drove a rift between the mine and the ASM community. As the mine developed, a chain of ASM engagement strategies were enacted in an attempted to repair the relationship but which has never able to regain sufficient trust between the mine and ASM stakeholders. At the nearby Tarkwa mine, ASM confrontations have been much easier to manage. Despite early disagreements at Tarkwa, a relationship characterized by greater trust between the mine and ASM communities was established early and therefore ASM engagement strategies have been simpler and more effective. This paper will conclude that establishing and maintaining a positive mine legacy as early as the exploration phase of a mining project is critical to maintaining a positive, trust-based relationship between LSM companies and their local ASM stakeholders over the life of a mine. 相似文献
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A conceptual approach to model sand–gravel extraction from rivers based on a game theory perspective
Marianthi V. Podimata 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(1):120-141
Sand–gravel mining is a significant parameter of economic development and social welfare function in modern societies. As demand for aggregate increases in construction industry, conflicts for the availability of the resource and environmental impacts become more intense. The present paper describes the contested status quo in riverbed sand–gravel mining activities with an example from Greece, as a case study. The scope is to propose a methodology about good governance of the mining sector that promotes a sustainable sharing of aggregate resource by securing environment and safekeeping revenues in the mining trade market. 相似文献
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The objective of this paper is to compare the nature of the taxation schemes facing uranium mine operators in Australia's Northern Territory and in Canada's Province of Saskatchewan. The findings demonstrate that, although the Canadian system appropriates up to 85% of incremental sales revenue, it is extremely sensitive to industry profitability. Its Australian counterpart is, in contrast, a regressive scheme which, at the current selling price of yellowcake, captures a significantly larger proportion of available economic rent. 相似文献
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The basic objective of this paper is to present a policy assessment of the Saskatchewan Uranium Royalty (SUR). This scheme, as enacted on 1 August 1976, was designed to be an integral part of the province's rent appropriation and economic development strategy. Before the tax regime is addressed directly an overview is given of the resource policy environment within which the impost was developed. 相似文献
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Innovation for sustainable development in artisanal mining: Advances in a cluster of opal mining in Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The objective of this article is to understand how the promotion of clusters of small economic agents in the gem sector has brought some improvements in the economic, social and environmental conditions in the mining sector and activities related to it. The research provides policy and theoretical contributions to the field of gem production, as well as enhances understanding of the under researched opal production in Brazil. It argues that government funding and technical support dedicated to the development of mining clusters, i.e. working with small economic agents as a whole and not individually, could promote not only more economic development, but also effectively incorporate social and environmental issues, such as workers safety, water management and tailings recycling. The argument is based on an evaluation of environmental, economic, social and institutional aspects of the opal mining cluster in Pedro II municipality, Piauí state. The results suggest that some formalisation of existing practices and adequate policies have triggered innovation with some positive effects on the performance of artisanal mining. Nevertheless, there are indications that if decision-makers plan to make this cluster more sustainable, they will have to include other issues in the debate including developing substituting economic activities. 相似文献
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Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is the principal anthropogenic activity that globally contributes to overloading our environment with mercury. Although the Minamata Convention, led by the United Nations, is a crucial instrument to eliminate its use progressively, novel approaches to accelerate this difficult transition are welcome. This article proposes a framework for policy-making or improvement, fostering the enforcement of mercury elimination through the lens of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on the excluded artisanal and small-scale gold miners and their dependents. We move forward with a literature review of the Artisanal and Small Mining topic, taking each SDG as a unit of analysis. Understanding the problem as a puzzle of four sets of pieces, namely: (1) social, (2) environmental, (3) economic, and (4) institutional, the paper offers potential opportunities for the decision-makers and practitioners to accelerate the substitution of this heavy metal and develop sustainable futures for the ASGM communities. We conclude by proposing a pragmatic framework that synthesizes the means, actions, and ends to accelerate a sustainable transition. 相似文献
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Michael J. Hilton 《Environmental management》1994,18(6):815-829
The purpose of New Zealand's Resource Management Act (1991) is to promote the sustainable management of natural and physical
resources. Coastal sand mining may be consistent with this purpose where: (1) extractions occur from sediment systems open
to inputs of sediment, and the volumes extracted do not limit the natural development, physical characteristics, and ecological
diversity of the coastal environments affected; or (2) extractions from palimpsest or relict sedimentary deposits occur at
a rate where the rate of extraction is insignificant compared with the volume of the resource.
The response of coastal sand mining companies and consent-granting authorities to the requirements of the Resource Management
Act (1991) are examined with respect to recent applications to mine sand from a coastal sand body in the Hauraki Gulf, New
Zealand. The assessments of environmental effects (AEE) submitted in support of these applications do not establish the sustainability
of the sand mining operations. Specifically they do not define the dimensions of the active sediment system, quantify the
volume of the related resource, or state the period within which sustainability is achievable. Further, the AEE do not consider
the cumulative effects of the extractions, either in terms of the total volume of sand mined or the cumulative effects of
different anthropogenic activities.
The test of sustainability demands a quality of information and understanding of coastal systems that is well beyond that
obtained in the past or accepted at present. There is a clear need for New Zealand's resource management legislation to be
supplemented by technical guidelines that help ensure the test of sustainability is rigorously applied. 相似文献