非法用工单位与其职工建立的是否劳动关系——非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿问题讨论——非法用工单位与其职工建立的是否劳动关系

为使因工作遭受事故伤害或患职业病的非法用工单位伤亡人员能够获得医疗救治和经济补偿，国务院《工伤保险条例》第83条和劳动保障部《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》作出了相关规定。然而从以下两个案例可以看出。在实际操作过程中。劳动争议仲裁机构和法院在处理非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿争议案件时还存在一些问题。如非法用工单位与其职工建立的是否劳动关系问题；在处理非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿争议中是否需要工伤认定问题；非法用工行为的法律责任问题。等等。如何解决存在的问题更好地落实法规政策．切实维护劳动者的合法权益。本刊在此组织讨论。[编者按]     

在处理非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿争议中不需要进行工伤认定

笔者以为，从《劳动法》的立法宗旨和《条例》的立法原意以及最有效地保护非法用工单位伤亡人员的合法权益出发，在处理非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿争议中，不需要进行工伤认定。     

谈非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿的合理性

《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》的规定实质上属于工伤待遇的范畴,当事故发生时非法用工单位的职工应与合法用工单位的职工享受同样的待遇。但是,目前《工伤保险条例》规定的工伤待遇高于《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》规定的一次性赔偿,所以,应在立法层面上缩小两者的差距,完善非法用工单位伤亡人员赔偿制度,以达到社会公平的目的。     

中华人民共和国人力资源和社会保障部令

新修订的《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》已经人力资源和社会保障部第56次部务会议通过,现予公布,自2011年1月1日起施行。劳动和社会保障部2003年9月23日颁布的《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》同时废止。     

非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法

中华人民共和国人力资源和社会保障部令第9号新修订的《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》已经人力资源和社会保障部第56次部务会议通过,现予公布,自2011年1月1日起施行。劳动和社会保障部2003年9月23日颁布的《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》同时废止。     

童工非因工受伤非法用工单位应否承担赔偿责任

对《非法用工单位伤亡人员—次性赔偿办法》第三条“事故伤害”的理解。     

非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法

中华人民共和国劳动和社会保障部令第19号《非法用工单位伤亡人员一次性赔偿办法》已于2003年9月18日经劳动和社会保障部第5次部务会议通过,现予颁布,自2004年1月1日起施行。部长郑斯林二○○三年九月二十三日     

非法劳动关系及适用法律调整

最近，某报相继报道不满16周岁的少女黄某两年前在灌云县万源食品厂打工时被机器轧伤致残至今未得到赔偿的案件，引起社会各方高度关注。其实，在目前市场经济法制体制还不十分完善、劳动用工形式复杂多样的形势下，像灌云县万源食品厂这样非法使用童工和劳动关系违法现象并不鲜见，引发的劳动争议、工伤事故和其他社会矛盾难以调解处理，职工的利益受到严重损害。     

劳动仲裁受案范围争议问题的法理分析

劳动仲裁受案范围，是指各级劳动争议仲裁委受理劳动争议案件的范围，以争议当事人和争议标的为两大基本标志。从目前的有关规定来看，我国现行立法仅将劳动争议当事人限于劳动关系双方当事人，即争议双方存在劳动关系及劳动争议发生的前提和基础。但是，由于我国法律未对“劳动争议”、“劳动关系”等关键名词给出准确的界定，导致理论和实务界对劳动仲裁的受案范围在理解上产生分歧。当前，在劳动争议处理实践中，在劳动仲裁的受案范围上有几大争议，即关于非法用工主体之间发生的争议，关于事实劳动关系的确认，以及关于社会保险争议的受理。本文拟从法理角度对以上问题进行讨论。     

劳动仲裁机构和法院应有非参保工伤认定权

当前工伤认定和赔偿程序 根据《工伤保险条例》第17条的规定，劳动保障行政部门拥有工伤认定的专属行政权。而从第2条的规定可以看出，《工伤保险条例》的立法动机主要是针对用人单位参加了工伤保险，因而应由工伤保险经办机构支付工伤待遇的情形。工伤保险经办机构作为法律授权从事一定行政职能的机构，其支付行为的依据正是劳动保障行政部门作出的工伤认定决定书。     

农民工工伤保险现状及问题分析

通过文献分析和实地调研发现,造成我国农民工工伤保险参保率低、企业逃保、退保率高、申请工伤补偿难度大的原因可分为宏观和微观两个层面:城乡二元户籍制、劳动力供求关系、工伤保险制度等因素客观上使得农民工受歧视,地位低,工伤求偿困难;企业主观上追求短期利益和侥幸心理是构成其逃保、退保的主要因素.可通过优化制度体系、强化政府监管...     

The politics of employment liability

Employment liability is an important check and balance against employee harm at work. In practice, however, an inadvertent consequence of employment liability is a potential shift in power from organizations to employees that affects subsequent managerial decision making. In this Incubator, we discuss behavioral and attitudinal ramifications of employment liability at work. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Involuntary retirement,bridge employment,and satisfaction with life: A longitudinal investigation

The increased popularity of bridge employment has raised questions about its consequences for well‐being in late adult life. This research explored the consequences of bridge employment for the level of life satisfaction of older adults during the retirement transition period. Changes in life satisfaction were considered to be a function of the different intentions and motives for taking bridge jobs. Furthermore, the impact of bridge employment was empirically examined conditional on the voluntariness of the exit from the career job. Panel data on Dutch retirees (N = 1248) were investigated using conditional change models. The results demonstrate that older adults willing to prolong their work careers but unable to find bridge jobs reported lower levels of life satisfaction compared with full retirees not considering bridge employment. In addition, participation in bridge employment for financial motives was associated with decreases in life satisfaction compared with postretirement working based on intrinsic motives. Moreover, compared with voluntary retirement, involuntary retirement was detrimental to life satisfaction, but participation in a bridge job was found to mitigate this negative shock. These findings contribute to the understanding of the consequences of various postretirement employment trajectories for older individuals. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

市场需求与安全专业人才培养

进入21世纪,安全工程教育有了快速的发展.但是,面对就业的压力,安全工程专业,尤其是新成立的安全工程专业如何得到生存和发展成为一个亟待解决的问题.从社会对安全人才的需求类型及毕业生就业心理方面探讨了有关安全工程专业人才培养模式的问题.     

Working Life of Women With Disabilities—A Review

The aim of this study was to present the situation of women with disabilities on the labour market. Women with disabilities suffer from social and professional discrimination. They are discriminated because of their gender and disability. The Q1 Labour Force Participation Study (2013) showed that, in Poland, labour force participation for men and women with disabilities was 29.4% and 14.7%, respectively, while the unemployment rate was 16.1% for men and 17.2% for women. Quarterly information on employment, unemployment and economic inactivity was gathered from a Labour Force Survey in the first quarter of 2013; data from the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy were also included. The participants of the survey were 15 years old or older; they were members of a sample household. The methodology was based on definitions recommended by the International Labour Office and Eurostat. It is important that women with disabilities are substantially less professionally active, while the unemployment rate for them is only slightly higher.     

Employee responses to employment‐relationship practices: The role of psychological empowerment and traditionality

In studying the effect of employment‐relationship practices on employees, research has largely ignored individual differences, both cross‐culturally and within cultures. In this study, the authors examine the moderating effect of middle managers' traditionality, a within‐culture value orientation regarding submission to authority and endorsement of hierarchical role relationships, on their responses to an organization's employee–organization relationship practices. Based on social learning and social exchange theories, the authors expect the more traditional middle managers to respond less positively in terms of their performance and commitment to high levels of expected contributions and the associated psychological empowerment but respond more positively to high levels of offered inducements. Using a sample of 535 middle managers from 40 companies in China, the authors find support for all hypotheses except the moderating effect of traditionality on the relationship between offered inducements and performance. Additional analysis reveals that less‐traditional managers responded to economic rewards (but not developmental rewards) with higher job performance. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications for research and the practice of employment relationships. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

香港注册安全主任制度对注册安全工程师执业资格制度的启示

注册安全工程师执业资格制度在我国实施仅有4年的历史,仍处于起步阶段,存在很多亟待解决的问题。香港特别行政区自1978年实施注册安全主任制度以来,已形成完善的资格管理体系,并实现在工业经营场所按规定配备一定数量的安全主任。笔者通过探讨香港注册安全主任制度的发展历程,提出可借鉴的运作方法和管理经验,对完善注册安全工程师执业资格制度法律体系、探索企业合理配备注册安全工程师原则并对其继续教育方式等问题提出建议。     

Strengthening the employment relationship: The effects of work‐hours fit on key employee attitudes

Today's hourly workers are facing revised work schedules and shifting hours, which may have critical implications for employment relationships. This study considers the impact of work‐hours fit on key attitudes of hourly employees—perceived organizational support, job stress, work–family conflict, intent to turnover, and life satisfaction. We define work‐hours fit as the difference between an employee's desired number of hours and the actual hours worked, and we examine both the congruence of work‐hours fit and the degree of misfit. We also examine the moderating impact of the type of misfit, defined as working too many versus too few hours. Results indicate that, in our sample, hourly employees are typically not working the hours they prefer. As predicted, work‐hours fit impacts the attitudes we examined, and, when considering the type of misfit, congruence matters more for life satisfaction and intent to turnover. Results also indicate working too few hours impacts job stress and life satisfaction, whereas working too many effects work–family conflict. This paper demonstrates the importance of preferences, as a reflection of time/money resource trade‐offs, and offers ways for employers to improve work–family facilitation and strengthen their employment relationships. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

常规法制强于突击整治——澳大利亚的安全生产监管体制

在澳大利亚为,承担安全生产监督管理职能的政府机构是澳大利亚国家职业健康与安全委员会(NOHSC)。这个委员会不仅负责全国的安全生产监督管理,而且负责职业健康的保护和管理。全国七个州均设有相应机构、垂直管理、体制独立。     

广告牌结构风荷载取值问题的研究

就广告牌结构风荷载标准值的关键参数的确定问题进行了研究 ,并着重就风振系数、风荷载体型系数展开探讨。