高职院校环境专业就业情况调查——以中国环境管理干部学院2014届毕业生为例

采用资料收集、实地调研、调查问卷等方法,对环境保护领域人才需求情况以及岗位知识技能的要求、环境专业毕业生的就业意向进行调查和分析。结果表明,企业对高职环保人才需求量较大,环保人员应具备的素质以分析问题能力和沟通能力为主;高职院校环境专业毕业生对目前环境保护行业就业形势认识清楚,对就业单位的环保人才素质需求分析正确,但求职过程中存在目标设定偏高等问题,因此,从课程设置、教学方法和就业指导方面提出措施。     

我国环境规制强度测度及其对就业规模的影响——基于省际动态面板数据的实证分析

本文建立模型具体测算了我国30个省(区、市)自2003年至2016年的环境规制强度指标,发现全国环境规制强度整体呈上升趋势,其中东部省份强度最大,中部地区的环境规制强度低于东部而略高于西部地区。进一步构建动态面板计量模型进行实证分析,结果显示,环境规制对就业的影响具有明显的U形特征,即随着环境规制强度的提高,其对就业起着先抑制后促进的作用。而经济发展水平、人口规模、产业结构的优化升级以及平均工资水平的提高均能显著促进全样本的就业增长,但对外依存度对各样本而言都明显不利于就业规模的扩张。     

东莞市规模环保设施建设的实践及经验

本文介绍了东莞市集约化、大规模的环保基础设施建设的管理模式、投融资模式、工程建设模式、技术咨询模式以及配套政策法规体系.这种环保基础设施建设模式对全国类似城市环保设施群的建设具有重要的借鉴价值,也为我国未来大规模的环保设施建设管理机制的制定提供了范例.     

Renewable inequity? Women's employment in clean energy in industrialized,emerging and developing economies

Women are globally underrepresented in the energy industry. This paper reviews existing academic and practitioner literature on women's employment in renewable energy in industrialized nations, emerging economies and developing countries. It highlights similarities and differences in occupational patterns in women's employment in renewables in different parts of the world, and makes recommendations for optimizing women's participation. Findings reveal the need for broader socially‐progressive policies and shifts in societal attitudes about gender roles, in order for women to benefit optimally from employment in renewables. In some industrialized countries, restructuring paid employment in innovative ways while unlinking social protection from employment status has been suggested as a way to balance gender equity with economic security and environmental protection. However, without more transformative social changes in gender relations, such strategies may simply reinforce rather than subvert existing gender inequities both in paid employment and in unpaid domestic labor. Grounded interventions to promote gender equality in renewable energy employment – especially within the context of increasing access to energy services for underserved communities – are more prevalent and better‐established in some non‐OECD (Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development) countries. OECD countries might be well‐advised to try to implement certain programs and policies that are already in place in some emerging economies.     

Return to the River: Environmental Flow Policy in the United States and Canada1

Abstract: This paper provides an overview and summary of United States and Canadian federal, state, and provincial laws that offer some form of legal protection for environmental flows. Special attention is given to the new “second generation” law established in Texas and to ways western states are beginning to encourage transactions that help restore dewatered streams. Progress in the eastern states and some Canadian provinces to provide environmental flow protection is addressed. Based on this review, this paper presents recommended elements of a “model” environmental flow policy.     

广西地下水污染现状与防治对策研究

基于广西地下水基本现状,分析广西地下水污染成因及地下水污染防治中存在的不足,提出建立健全地下水污染防治法律法规;完善地下水监测站网规划,建立地下水监测信息系统;加大宣传力度,提高公众环境保护意识;从整体规划广西地下水的使用与治理;加大资金投入,重视地下水科学研究5点污染防治建议,为今后广西地下水开发利用及污染防治研究提...     

中国环境保护投资进展与展望

环保投资是环保工程项目实施的重要保障，为打好污染防治攻坚战、推进美丽中国和生态文明建设提供了有力支撑。本文回顾了近40多年来中国环保投资政策演进历程，将其划分为企业主体阶段（1979—2003年）、政企并重阶段（2004—2012年）、多元投资阶段（2013年至今）。从规模加大、构成丰富、渠道拓展及强化效益四个方面，总结了环保投资主要进展与成效。基于高质量发展不足、回报机制不健全、投资绩效待提高三个角度，识别当前环保投资存在的关键瓶颈。从强化气候投融资、鼓励投资机制创新、加大财政支出力度、促进多元投资、提高投资效益等五个方面，对未来环保投资政策优化方向进行了展望。     

3S技术与四川环保

本文介绍了3S技术及3S技术在四川环保中的应用现状，探讨了建立四川省环境信息系统的必要性和可行性，提出了基于3S技术的全省环境信息系统的基本结构和功能。     

Crossing conceptual boundaries: re-envisioning coordination and collaboration among women for sustainable livelihoods in Ghana

This paper explores the complexities, degree of organisation and embedded potentials in selected informal worlds of work involving women in Agbogbloshie, a site that has achieved both national and international notoriety for its ostensible environmental and social unrest challenges. The analysis provides empirical evidence to show how informality remains a persistent, substantial and the defining feature of Ghana’s economy in terms of its fostering growth and creating jobs, although its overall role in the national development discourse is largely ignored or seldom considered. Drawing on participant observation and qualitative field-based survey data, the paper presents the multi-dimensional ways migrant women from northern Ghana adopt to innovate, network and “graduate” from e-waste-related activities to engage in long-distance trade, which, in turn, serves as a catalyst for spin-off activities that manifest differently between the south and the north of the country. It also sheds light on how these women, with little prospect of formal employment, negotiate contemporary economic shifts and create an occupational continuum that defies strict compartmentalisation. The paper adds to the expanding corpus of writings on informalisation as a growing, noteworthy and integral feature of Sub-Saharan Africa’s economy.     

如何搞好国有大中型亏损企业的环境保护工作

本文揭示了目前在国有大中型亏损企业中开展环境保护工作的困难与问题，指出这是关系到实现我国中目标的重大课题，并提出了一系列搞好国有大中型亏 企业环境工作的对策和措施，希望能引起社会各界特别是国有大中型企业领导们的重视。     

国家环境保护模范城市现状分析及展望

改革开放以来,在我国经济快速发展的同时,产生了巨大的环境问题,为此,原国家环保总局审时度势,开展了创建国家环境保护模范城市的活动。本文对“创模”考核指标的调整情况进行概括,从总体情况、所属行政区、所属行政区级别、面积4个方面对目前“环保模范”城市状况进行了深入地分析,并对日后的“创模”工作进行了展望。     

An online water quality monitoring and management system developed for the Liming River basin in Daqing, China

This paper describes an online water quality monitoring and management system that was developed by combining a chemical oxygen demand sensor with an artificial neural network technology and a virtual instrument technique. The system was used to model the hydrological environment of the Liming River basin in Daqing City, China, in an effort to maintain the water quality in this basin at a level compatible with the status of Daqing City as a scenic resort. Operation of the system during the past 2 years has shown that an optimal allocation of water (including water released from an environmental reservoir to mitigate pollution events) could be achieved for the basin using the information gathered by the system; using mathematic models established for this system, the quantity of water released from the reservoir is adequate to improve the overall water environment. The results demonstrate that the system provides an effective approach to water quality control for environmental protection.     

The implications of sustainable development for industry and employment in the 1990s

Summary Sustainable development has increasingly come to be seen as a concept which can reconcile the tensions between economic development and environmental protection. However, the concept is a vague one and little work has been undertaken to examine the practical implications of adopting sustainable development as a guiding principle. This paper examines how sustainable development can be defined, and some of the contradictions involved with the concept. The policy implications of sustainable development are examined, with a particular emphasis on industry and employment.His research interests are in sustainable development and local economic development. The work on which this paper is based was undertaken for the Centre for Local Economic Strategies in Manchester.     

智慧环保建设评价指标体系研究

随着信息技术在政务、环保等领域的广泛应用,智慧环保成为环境保护及环保信息化建设的重要方面。本研究以促进环境保护部及地方环境保护单位智慧环保建设为目标,在对比之前智慧环保定义的基础上,提出新一代智慧环保的定义,更加强调互联互通、业务协同、公众服务等方面,并且明确了智慧环保的三个应用目标。基于对智慧环保总体架构和目标内涵的解析,遵循指标具有代表性、可理解性、可采集性、可扩展性的原则,参考国家智慧环保建设相关政策文件要求以及智慧城市、电子政务绩效评价指标体系等相关文献,经过多次专家咨询建议,形成一套智慧环保建设评价指标体系,共包含4个维度、12个要素、42个指标。评价指标的提出对引导智慧环保建设有序发展、促进环保信息化发展具有重要意义。     

Investments in agricultural water management for poverty reduction in Africa: Case studies of Limpopo,Nile, and Volta river basins

Much of Sub‐Saharan Africa is burdened with water scarcity and poverty. Continentally, less than four percent of Africa's renewable water resources are withdrawn for agriculture and other uses. Investments in agricultural water management can contribute in several ways to achieving the Millennium Development Goals of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger and ensuring environmental sustainability. Increased yield and cropping area and shifts to higher valued crops could help boost the income of rural households, generate more employment, and lower consumer food prices. These investments can also stabilize output, income and employment, and have favourable impacts on education, nutrition and health, and social equity. Investments in agricultural water management can cut poverty by uplifting the entitlements and transforming the opportunity structure for the poor. The overall role of investments in agricultural water management in eradicating hunger and poverty is analyzed. This paper contributes to the present debate and efforts to identify strategies and interventions that can effectively contribute to poverty reduction in Africa. It provides an overview of population growth, malnutrition, income distribution and poverty for countries in three case study river basins — Limpopo, Nile, and Volta. With discussions on the contribution of agriculture to national income and employment generation, the paper explores the linkages among water resources investments, agricultural growth, employment, and poverty alleviation. It examines the potential for expansion in irrigation for vertical and horizontal growth in agricultural productivity, via gains in yield and cropping area to boost the agricultural output. Factors constraining such potential, in terms of scarcity and degradation of land and water resources, and poor governance and weak institutions, are also outlined. The paper argues that increased investments in land and water resources and related rural infrastructure are a key pathway to enhance agricultural productivity and to catalyze agricultural and economic growth for effective poverty alleviation.     

新农村建设背景下的甘肃省农村居民环境意识调查与分析

通过问卷调查法对甘肃省农村居民的环境知识、环境认知、环境保护参与意愿与行为进行了调查与分析。结果表明,甘肃农村居民总体环境知识欠缺,环境意识薄弱;农村居民环境保护的支付意愿受支付额度的影响,环境行为尚有较大的改善空间;较低的文化素质是引起农村环境问题的主要原因之一。甘肃省新农村建设环境保护应做好以下工作：加大教育力度,提高农村居民的整体素质;加大资金投入,加强环境基础设施建设;改变不合理的生产生活方式,加强各方面的监督和管理。     

生态文明进入党的全国代表大会报告的十年

党的十七大、十八大和十九大报告均对生态文明建设作了阐述。本文系统梳理了党的十七大以来我国生态文明推进工作的历程和成就,数据显示我国在水环境保护、大气环境保护、生态环境保护方面取得了成绩。我国通过健全立法、调整结构、联防联控、专项督查等手段应对突出的大气污染、水体污染、土壤污染和生态保护等问题,其中健全党内法规和环保立法、实行党政同责与一岗双责、开展中央环境保护督察与专项环保督查以及统筹优化区域资源是关键的手段。党的十九大对生态文明建设作出了新的判断,提出两步走的战略,并作出行动部署,为美好中国的目标提供了体制和制度保障。     

构建中国环境税法律体系之设想

目前中国并没有专门用于环境目的的税种,环境管理的经济手段主要依靠资源税、消费税等相关税种与排污收费制度,但其均存在征收范围过窄、环保意义不突出等问题。因而应从面临的现实环境问题出发,兼顾税收体系的总体平衡,在完善现有相关税种的基础上开征新的环境保护专项税,从而建立起以排污税、产品消费税、资源税为基本构成的融入型环境税收体系。     

“十四五”生态环境保护国际合作思路与实施路径探讨

生态环境国际合作是构建人类命运共同体建设的重要内容。"十三五"时期,我国在推动生态文明建设取得显著成效的同时,生态环境保护国际合作取得积极进展。本文在分析生态环境保护国际合作现状、不足以及面临新形势的基础上,提出坚持底线思维,突出重点,精准对接,以我为主、以外促内等合作原则,建议"十四五"时期加强战略规划和引领,提升生态环境国际合作的地位和作用,以建设性姿态参与全球环境治理,努力实现国内环境治理、全球环境治理以及全球治理良性互动,提升生态环境国际合作在服务国家总体发展战略中的地位和水平。并为此提出五大重点举措:即打造绿色"一带一路"成为区域环境合作的平台高地;更具建设性加强我与周边国家双边及多边环境合作;坚决维护多边主义的立场,主动参与全球环境治理体系变革;助力擦亮绿色底色,全力支撑服务打赢污染防治攻坚战;加快能力建设形成生态环境国际合作与交流的大格局。     

强化环境监测管理提高环境监测地位

总结和回顾了我国环境监测工作开展近三十年来所取得的非凡成绩,阐述了目前环境监测工作同整个环境保护事业相比较,同国外环境监测相比较存在的不足,并进一步提出了以"强化环境监测管理,提高环境监测地位"为核心的几点建议,旨在使我国的环境监测工作能更好地为环境保护和经济建设服务.