超重力旋转填料床在燃煤尾气处理上的应用进展

本文指出了我国燃煤气脱硫进展缓慢的原因，介绍了一种新型的燃煤尾气脱硫设备－超重力旋转脱硫床的工作原理，传质特性及低浓度的废气处理上的广阔应用前景。     

双氧水法和氨法在铜冶炼制酸尾气脱硫工程应用中的比较

随着社会经济的发展和环保要求的日益严格,铜冶炼制酸尾气中二氧化硫的有效治理和资源化利用变得十分必要。某铜业公司最初使用氨法脱除铜冶炼制酸尾气中的二氧化硫,但存在脱硫不稳定、设备腐蚀、氨逃逸等问题,为更有效地治理制酸尾气中的二氧化硫,将原氨法脱硫改造为双氧水法脱硫工艺,改进后脱硫效果显著,同时结合该公司的脱硫改造工艺比较了氨法脱硫和双氧水法脱硫技术。结果表明:氨法脱硫中的氨水腐蚀性强,脱硫效率为90%～93%,改进后的双氧水法的脱硫效率可达97%～98%;相较于氨法脱硫,双氧水脱硫具有流程简易、脱硫效率高、投资小、无二次污染、不结晶堵塞等优势,是一种典型的清洁生产工艺。以上结果可为其他行业及企业尾气脱硫提供一定的技术参考。     

中国燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫技术的发展前景

本文在综述我国燃煤中小型锅炉和电站锅炉烟气脱硫技术现状的基础上，分析了我国燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫技术的发展前景．分析结果指出：我国中小型燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫技术近期是以完善湿法脱硫技术为主，远期将大力发展干法脱硫技术；在电站锅炉烟气脱硫方面，规模较小的电站锅炉将以喷雾干燥法为主要发展方向，大型电站锅炉近期仍以湿式石灰石－石膏法为主，远期将大力发展电子束辐照氨法脱硫脱硝技术。     

广西合山煤脱硫技术探讨

依据煤炭加工转换、燃烧脱硫和烟气脱硫技术，分析了广西合山燃煤的二氧化硫污染状况，并提出了可行性脱硫的技术。     

本期推荐

正本期"工程应用实例"栏目刊发了昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院黄建洪、陈珊、陈全坤、张体富、谷俊杰、田森林撰写的《双氧水法和氨法在铜冶炼制酸尾气脱硫工程应用中的比较》一文。随着国家《大气污染防治行动计划》(简称"气十条")和二氧化硫超低排放政策的实施,一些企业开始尝试使用双氧水脱硫工艺。该研究针对铜冶炼烟气制酸低浓度二氧化硫尾气采用氨法脱硫存在脱硫效果不稳定、设备腐     

美国燃煤污染防治技术

近年来,美国控制燃煤污染成效显著,这是与美国有关减少燃煤污染的措施、技术分不开的。本文综述了目前美国采用的和正在开发的烟气净化技术,其中包括脱硫、脱氮、除尘,或同时脱硫、脱氮等技术现状和发展趋向,这对于改进我国燃煤污染控制技术工作或许有借鉴之处。     

中小型燃煤炉烟气脱硫方法

对中小型燃煤炉烟气脱硫方法作了介绍,提出了对湿式除尘器(文丘里除尘器,旋风除尘洗涤塔,冲击式除尘脱硫塔等)的改造方法,以提高其烟气除尘脱硫效率。同时,介绍了干湿两级除尘脱硫系统和利用脱硫碱液及脱硫废水的烟气脱硫技术。     

除尘脱硫系统带水原因及解决对策

对燃煤烟气除尘脱硫系统容易产生引风机带水问题进行了分析和研究，改进了传统的除尘脱硫器水位控制箱和溢水槽，有效解决了常用的冲击水浴式和旋风水膜式除尘脱硫系统风机带水问题。     

湿式旋流脱硫除尘一体化装置在燃煤锅炉烟气净化上的应用

某中药厂4 t/h燃煤锅炉烟气采用湿式旋流脱硫除尘一体化装置取得了良好的效果,经实际运行测定除尘率达95%,脱硫率达77%,排出的烟气均能达到排放标准.该净化装置具有旋风水膜除尘器和湿式旋流板洗涤器的双重功能,通过介绍该一体化装置的机理、设计参数和技术经济分析,为燃煤锅炉烟气的脱硫除尘提供参考.     

新型滤槽除尘器配套脱硫工艺试验研究

采用半干法脱硫系统与新型滤槽除尘器相结合，可有效提高系统的脱硫、除尘效率。研究了影响该技术脱硫效率的主要因素。该技术集脱硫、除尘于一体，工艺简单，运行成本较低，尤其适用于燃煤含硫量≤1．2％的锅炉烟气的脱硫。     

Nitrogen oxides emissions from the MILD combustion with the conditions of recirculation gas

The nitrogen oxides (NO_x) reduction technology by combustion modification which has economic benefits as a method of controlling NO_x emitted in the combustion process, has recently been receiving a lot of attention. Especially, the moderate or intense low oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion which applied high temperature flue gas recirculation has been confirmed for its effectiveness with regard to solid fuel as well. MILD combustion is affected by the flue gas recirculation ratio and the composition of recirculation gas, so its NO_x reduction efficiency is determined by them. In order to investigate the influence of factors which determine the reduction efficiency of NO_x in MILD coal combustion, this study changed the flow rate and concentration of nitrogen (N₂), carbon dioxide (CO₂) and steam (H₂O) which simulate the recirculation gas during the MILD coal combustion using our lab-scale drop tube furnace and performed the combustion experiment. As a result, its influence by the composition of recirculation gas was insignificant and it was shown that flue gas recirculation ratio influences the change of NO_x concentration greatly. Implications: We investigated the influence of factors determining the nitrogen oxides (NO_x) reduction efficiency in MILD coal combustion, which applied high-temperature flue gas recirculation. Using a lab-scale drop tube furnace and simulated recirculation gas, we conducted combustion testing changing the recirculation gas conditions. We found that the flue gas recirculation ratio influences the reduction of NO_x emissions the most.     

燃煤手烧炉烟尘生成特征及其控制

使用烟气净化测试系统,对燃煤手烧炉燃烧过程烟尘浓度变化进行了在线测定,对水浴净化前后烟气中的颗粒分散度进行了测定分析,并对SW型烟气净化装置的除尘效率进行了测定计算。实验表明,燃煤手烧炉的烟尘生成过程,与其加煤方式直接相关,且受燃烧温度的一定影响。在正常工作条件下,SW型燃煤炉窑烟气净化装置的平均除尘效率可达96 4%。     

Comparison of EGR ratios determined by four different methods for electronic re-circulation gate control

In this study, low pressure systems have been applied for exhaust gas recycling (EGR), which is applied in certain operating conditions. Induction air, exhaust gas flow, amount of exhaust gas added to the induction air, amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the exhaust gas, and amount of carbon dioxide in the induction air mixed with the exhaust gas, have been measured and the EGR ratio has been determined using four different calculation methods. The obtained results have been compared, and it has been noted that all the four methods have given similar results, and the deviation among them has been noted to be 1% at most. Deviations among the results have been explained. In the concluding section, a relation has been formed between the variables chosen as basic parameters, electronic re-circulation gate control, and variables utilised in EGR ratio determination methods.     

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of The Lead Peroxide Method for Atmospheric Monitoring of Sulfur Dioxide

This paper presents a simplified analysis to determine the variables that affect the empirical correlation factor used in the lead peroxide method. The rate of sulfation has been determined from two different models. In the first model, the mass transfer rate is calculated from the gas phase resistance alone whereas in the second model, the diffusion resistance in the gel phase is assumed to be the rate limiting step. Although the gas phase and the gel phase resistances may be both important in the actual case, it has been found that the correlation factor based on the first model is adequate to describe general experimental observations. Reasonable agreement has been obtained between the measured and the calculated va|ue of the correlation factor.     

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Waste Gas Treatment Plants for the Glass Industry

ABSTRACT

Cost-effectiveness of different plant solutions for glass furnace waste gas cleaning is compared in the present paper. Plant arrangements based on electrostatic precipi-tator or fabric filter dust collectors and wet, semi-dry, or dry processes for acid gas removal have been considered. A critical survey of each solution's advantages and disadvantages has been presented, taking into account both effectiveness and costs resulting from each available system. Finally, a quantitative assessment has been provided with reference to a case study involving actual float glass production lines at SIV plants located in northern and central Italy.     

重庆市机动车尾气对大气环境的影响分析及减缓措施

在对重庆市机动车保有量、主城区交通状况进行深入调查的基础上，对机动车尾气排放对大气环境的影响进行了细致的分析与评估。阐述了机动车尾气是造成重庆市大气污染的重要因素。同时结合国内外一些先进的预防、控制和处理汽车尾气污染的方法，及近年来的观察、研究和试验，提出了合理减缓、控制机动车尾气污染的措施，以防止机动车尾气污染进一步蔓延。     

尿素添加剂湿法烟气脱氮的试验研究

在填有金属鲍尔环的管式吸收反应器中,分别研究了尿素含量、添加剂(三乙醇胺)浓度、吸收柱彳丁效高度、烟气浓度对NOx脱除效率的影响。试验结果表明,尿素含量和添加剂浓度的增加可以少量提高脱氮效率：烟气浓度的大小对脱氮效率的影响不大;吸收柱有效高度对脱氮效率的影响较大。     

On the Determination of Odor Thresholds in Air Pollution Control—An Experimental Field Study on Flue Gases from Sulfate Cellulose Plants

From the hygienic point of view, not only the health hazards caused by air pollutants but also the odor from emitted flue gases should be reduced to a minimum. An effective control of the risk of odor at ground level presupposes knowledge of the source concentration of the odoriferous gas as well as its odor threshold. This threshold has to be estimated empirically, as the flue gases often contain a complex mixture of different odoriferous substances, the odor thresholds of which are in most cases unknown. For this purpose a method has been developed for estimating the odor thresholds of flue gases emitted, from different industrial processes. The method, afield method, is based on an exposure procedure, a number of subjects compare different concentrations of the flue gas with samples of fresh air and decide at what concentration the flue gas is no longer noticeable. The gas samples used are neither compressed, nor absorbed or heated before the exposure test. The method has been used in two studies on gases from Swedish sulfate cellulose plants. In order to estimate the effect on the odor threshold of different deodorizing measures, gas samples were taken not only from the stack but also from different phases in the production process. The results and a brief discussion on the practical applications of the method are given.     

Development of a Method for the Analysis of NO2 and NH3 by NO-Measuring Instruments

Adaptation of available instruments to the analysis of NO₂ and NH₃ became important with the introduction of the Federal Constant Volume Sampling procedure for exhaust analysis in 1970. Two instruments, the NO optical detector (NOOD) and the non-dispersive infrared analyzer (ND1R), are both fast and accurate. The use of a system of two converters in conjunction with either of these instruments permits the analysis of a gas stream for NO, NO₂, and NH₃. NO is measured on the gas stream before conversion; NO₂ is determined after the gas stream has passed over a C-Mo converter at 475°C; and NH₃ is determined after the gas has been conducted over a C-Cu converter.     

Oxidation of elemental mercury using atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma

The oxidation of gas phase elemental mercury (Hg0) by atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma has been investigated at room temperature, employing both dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) of the gas mixture of Hg0 and injection of ozone (O3) into the gas mixture of Hg0. Results have shown that the oxidative efficiencies of Hg0 by DBD and the injection of O3 are 59% and 93%, respectively, with energy consumption of 23.7 J L(-1). This combined approach has indicated that O3 plays a decisive role in the oxidation of gas phase Hg0. Also the oxidation of Hg0 by injecting O3 into the gas mixture of Hg0 proceeds with better efficiency than DBD of the gas mixture of Hg0. These results have been explained by the incorporation of the competitive reaction pathways between the formation of HgO by O3 and the decomposition of HgO back to Hg0 in the plasma environment.