共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 734 毫秒
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中英两国都制定了环境影响评价制度,但在制度的制定和实施上存在很多的差异。文章从法律依据、开展的时间、适用范围、评价目的、评价内容,审批、资质管理、评价程序、专家咨询和公众参与制度等方面对中英建设项目环境影响评价制度进行比较,找出两国环评制度的异同,从而对中国环境影响评价的完善提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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法国环境影响报告书编制与审查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了法国环境影响评价的发展过程,通过实例着重介绍和分析法国环境影响报告书的主要内容和要求,最后就报告书的审查进行介绍和评述.法国的环境影响评价有其自身的特点,报告书内容要求广泛全面,要编制非技术性的简写本、重视景观影响评价、评价全面和要进行公众调查是其中主要特点. 相似文献
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环境影响评价与环境规划评价既有联系又有区别,总体呈现出相辅相成的关系。环境影响评价可以为环境规划评价作出具体安排,环境规划评价则是环境影响评价的依据;相比而言,规划评价是影响评价的前期准备工作,是使影响评价建立在科学规划的基础上,影响评价又是规划评价的产物,是规划评价的重要内容和主要手段。因此,本文将对二者的概念、意义、工作流程与内容等进行阐述与比较。 相似文献
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项目环境影响评价与战略环境影响评价比较 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
战略环境影响评价是更高层次的环境影响评价工作 ,它不仅是对建设项目环境评价工作的拓展、完善和提高 ,而且也是能够贯彻可持续发展原则的可操作的方法之一。在回顾影响评价的发展历程和分析其发展趋势等的基础上。从评价范围、内容、对象、方法、结论、性质及指导思想几个方面对战略环境影响评价与项目环境影响评价进行了比较 相似文献
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法国的环境影响评价及其新发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
吴仁海 《国外环境科学技术》1997,(3):1-10
本文分析和分析了法国环境影响评价的法规,目的和适用范围;环境影响报告书的内容与公开和公众调查;评价的管理以及存在问题等。认为法国的评价法规较完善,易于操作。评价目的明确,评价适用范围广,评介制度得到普遍执行,环境影响报告书的内容较为全面,报告书的公众调查有助于公众参与环境保护中,提高公众的环保意识。 相似文献
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中美环境影响评价制度若干问题比较 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
比较中国与美国环境影响评价制度的法律依据,评价范围,评价者与评价内容,中美环境法中均规定了该项制度、但美国法院判例也成为重要依据;与中国不同的是,美国环境影响评价之评价对象的唯一限制条件是“对人类有重大影响”,公众参与原则在美国环境影响评价制度中贯彻较好,美国环境影响报告书包括真实可行的替代方案。 相似文献
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环境影响评价是我国环境管理体系的重要组成部分,是一种对规划和建设项目实施后可能造成的环境影响进行分析、预测和评估,提出预防或者减轻不良环境影响的对策和措施,进行跟踪监测的方法与制度。环境影响评价有了公众参与的内容,可以促使社会各方面人士关心环境问题,在环境评价工作中起到了弥补技术研究不足的重要作用,可使环评单位在环评中的预测和分析更加完善,提出的建议更趋合理。合理的环境影响评价公众参与工作中公众意见的统计分析方法是参与对象的代表性、调查统计方法的有效性、调查统计内容的科学性、统计时间的有效性等的全面综合的反应。 相似文献
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根据实施主要污染物总量控制,对环境影响评价提出的新课题,探讨了其在评价范围、评价标准、参与方式和评价内容上的变化;据此,结合总量控制的环境影响评价工作程序以及给涉及环评的有关部门带来的新要求,提出了见解。 相似文献
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石油化工建设项目环境影响评价中应注意的问题 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
我国是最早实施环境评价制度的发展中国家之一,建设项目的环境影响评价作为一项法律制度在我国已实施了20多年。根据实际工作经验,总结了在石油化工建设项目的环评工作中应注意的一些问题。 相似文献
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牟全君 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2012,(2):59-64
对我国环境影响评价专家审查制度存在的问题进行深入分析,参考我国司法、行政、仲裁体系的回避制度,探讨如何以《环境影响评价审查专家库管理办法》中的审查专家主动回避规定为基础,引入审查专家申请回避,建立、健全我国环境影响评价审查的专家回避制度,以保证环境影响评价审查的公正性、公平性和权威性,进一步完善我国的环境影响评价制度。 相似文献
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Cheng Hongguang Qi Ye Pu Xiao Gong Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(4):448-453
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) system has been established in China since 1973. In present EIA cases, there are four
participants in general: governments, enterprises, EIA organizations and the public. The public has held responsible for both
social costs and social duties. The public supervises social costs produced by enterprises discharging pollutant in EIA. However
public participation is mostly deputized by governments, which severely weaken the independence of the public as one participant
in EIA. In this paper, EIA refers to the different attitudes of the participants whose optional strategies may be described
by a proper game model. According to disfigurements in EIA, three sides (governments, enterprises, and EIA organizations)
dynamic iterative game theory, dynamic game theory of incomplete information, and perfect Bayesian equilibrium theory to analyze
the reciprocity relation among governments, EIA organizations and enterprises. The results show that in a short period, economic
benefit is preponderant over social benefit. Governments and enterprises both do not want to take EIA to reveal social costs.
EIA organizations’ income comes from enterprises and the collusions are built between them to vindicate economic benefit.
In a long run, social benefit loss caused by environmental pollution must be recuperated sooner or later and environmental
deterioration will influence the achievements of economic benefit, so both governments and enterprises are certain to pursue
high social benefit and willing to take EIA, helpful to increase private benefit. EIA organizations will make fair assessment
when their economic benefit are ensured. At present, the public as silent victims can not take actual part in EIA. The EIA
system must be improved to break the present equilibrium of three sides, bringing the public to the equilibrium to exert public
supervision. 相似文献
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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important tool to help decision-makers balance the environmental impacts of a proposed built development with its potential economic benefits. Used in most countries across the globe, EIA commonly includes an ecological component (Ecological Impact Assessment, or EcIA). However, despite considerable changes in relevant legislation, policy and guidance, there has been no recent review of UK EcIA chapter content, with the latest review having been published in 2000.This study attempts to determine the procedural effectiveness of EcIA chapters over time by comparing a new review of 112 English EcIA chapters from 2000 onwards with earlier reviews. This was achieved through the novel use of inferential statistics, an approach previously lacking in the EIA and EcIA review literature.The limitations and advantages of the use of quantitative methods are discussed. In general, there has been an improvement in the information content of EcIA chapters over time, for example in the percentage of EcIA chapters stating the size of the development and estimating the likely effectiveness of proposed mitigation measures. However, the earlier reviews highlighted such severe information deficiencies that the progress seen in the post-2000 EcIA chapter review still leaves considerable scope for improvement.Changes in the EU’s EIA Directive in force since May 2014 (and to be transposed into Member State legislation by May 2017) have the potential to encourage the use of inferential statistics in EIA and EcIA review: the requirement for Member States to provide central access to EIA information should enable representative samples to be analysed. 相似文献
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环境影响评价有效性及其建设途径探讨 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
概要综述了环境影响评价有效性研究的进展,从系统和整体角度探讨了EIA有效性的涵义,并从加强EIA国家能力建设,建立EIA有效干预规划及设计程序的交流机制,以及在EIA体系中加入有关系落实EIA跟进及监察工作的内容等方面,探讨了EIA有效性的建设途径。 相似文献