重点实用技术推广项目

低热值高炉煤气燃气－ 蒸汽联合循环发电装置 　　该装置由重庆钢铁设计研究院开发、重庆市环保局推荐，适用于大型冶金联合企业和大型石化企业的各种低热值尾气回收利用，并可用于煤气化燃气－蒸汽联合循环发电装置工程。 主要技术内容 　　一、基本原理 　　燃气－蒸汽联合循环发电装置是燃气循环机组与蒸汽循环机组的联合体，且蒸汽循环的热量主要在燃气循环的等压排气过程中获得。 　　在联合循环的 T－ S(温熵图 )中， 1－ 2－ 3－ 4－ 1为燃气循环； A－ B－ C－ D－ E－ A为蒸汽循环。在余热锅炉产生蒸汽的循环中，水的加热、蒸…     

低热值高炉煤气燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电装置

该装置由重庆钢铁设计研究院开发、重庆市环保局推荐,适用于大型冶金联合企业和大型石化企业的各种低热值尾气回收利用,并可用于煤气化燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电装置工程.     

低热值煤气燃气发电在济钢发电工程中的应用

介绍了冶金企业高炉冶炼副产品高炉煤气的一种高效回收利用途径，并简要介绍了济钢新建燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电工程工艺流程。阐明了燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电的高效经济性，是钢铁企业回收利用低热值燃料的一种最佳方法。     

西峰油田伴生气循环回收利用技术应用实践

西峰油田原始气油比高,伴生气量大,为高效回收利用伴生气资源,开发出了井口定压集气、油气混输、油气分输、三相分离、原油稳定、大罐抽气等伴生气回收技术,实现了从井口至联合站的全过程密闭集输,充分回收伴生气资源,并通过轻烃回收、燃气发电、余热利用等技术的实施,实现了伴生气资源的高效利用。     

全国碳市场启动后北京热电行业低碳运行管理方式研究

随着四大热电中心的建成投产,北京市完成了由燃机替代煤机的转变,实现了更加智能化的清洁能源发电供热。2013年北京市碳市场启动运行,给刚起步的燃气供热机组运行赋予了更广阔和更深远的意义;2017年12月19日,以发电行业为突破口,全国碳排放交易体系正式启动,北京市热电行业低碳运行管理意义重大而深远。本文以燃气热电联产机组运行数据为基础,通过计算分析,提出燃气热电联产机组清洁、高效、低碳运行方式,为全国碳市场启动后,北京乃至全国热电行业低碳运行管理提供经验借鉴。     

浅谈燃气发电厂如何实施清洁生产

文章通过对某燃气发电厂实施安装投入运行溴冷机、改造增压机控制系统、改造厂房冷却水回收系统、改造余热锅炉尾部加装换热器、实现余热再利用等清洁生产的技术措施,实施小指标考核等清洁生产的管理措施,取得较好的节能降耗效果。这些措施为同类企业实施清洁生产提供了经验,并为企业降低能耗指标提供了技术支持。     

清洁能源 承担保护生态环境重任——大唐苏州热电有限公司开展生态文明建设工作纪实

大唐苏州热电有限公司是由中国大唐集团公司调整能源结构、发展清洁能源战略而诞生的集团公司在江苏第一个自建燃机项目。该项目利用"西气东输"的天然气作为燃料,一期工程静态总投资约12.6亿人民币,规划建设两台E级燃气—蒸汽联合循环热电联产机组,同时留有扩建二期的余地。两套机组已分别于2013年3月和2013年5月投入运行,极大的提高了对开发区的供热能力,实现了节能减排。     

市政污泥干化焚烧工艺设计与思考

以南方经济发达地区100 tDS/d的污泥干化焚烧发电工程为例,介绍了污泥处置的热电联用系统。工程利用离心干化设备,以废蒸汽为热源干化污泥,提高热值,干化污泥与生物质在循环流化床锅炉中协同焚烧,焚烧产生的蒸汽通过汽轮发电机组发电自用。烟气经过多级处理后达标排放,废水、飞灰和炉渣都得到有效的处理与处置。该工程的实施缓解了当地污泥处置压力,实现了污泥的减量化、无害化和资源化处置,为污泥处置工艺设计提供参考。     

注汽锅炉烟气余热利用技术应用

通过对注汽锅炉烟气余热利用潜力分析和开展余热利用方式对比分析,采用了在对流段安装热管换热器,通过换热器将烟气余热与助燃空气换热,余热利用技术的现场应用,实现了注汽锅炉燃料单耗降低的目的,取得良好的节能效果。     

循环流化床锅炉燃烧优化控制工程——嘉兴新嘉爱斯热电有限公司、杭州浙江工业大学蓝屋电子有限公司

正公司简介嘉兴新嘉爱斯热电有限公司现有3台220t/h高温高流化床燃煤锅炉、2台220t/h高温高压流化床污泥焚烧炉和1台130t/h高温高压流化床生物质锅炉,4台汽轮发电机组,2套汽动空气压缩机组,总装机容量150MW。热网主管道约150km,正常热用户198家、压缩空气用户29家。目前公司年发电9亿kW·h,年供热450万吨,年供压缩空气12亿立方米,年处理污泥60万吨,生物质25万吨,并在国内热电企业率先实现烟气超低排放。公     

Alternative energy balances for Bulgaria to mitigate climate change

Alternative energy balances aimed to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are developed as alternatives to the baseline energy balance. The section of mitigation options is based on the results of the GHG emission inventory for the 1987–1992 period. The energy sector is the main contributor to the total CO₂ emissions of Bulgaria. Stationary combustion for heat and electricity production as well as direct end-use combustion amounts to 80% of the total emissions. The parts of the energy network that could have the biggest influence on GHG emission reduction are identified. The potential effects of the following mitigation measures are discussed: rehabilitation of the combustion facilities currently in operation; repowering to natural gas; reduction of losses in thermal and electrical transmission and distribution networks; penetration of new combustion technologies; tariff structure improvement; renewable sources for electricity and heat production; wasteheat utilization; and supply of households with natural gas to substitute for electricity in space heating and cooking. The total available and the achievable potentials are estimated and the implementation barriers are discussed.

     

Modeling Hydraulic and Thermal Electricity Production Based on Genetic Algorithm-Time Series (GATS)

Abstract

This study deals with the estimation of electricity production from hydraulic and thermal sources using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) with time series (TS) approach. Two forms of the mathematical models are developed, of which one is exponential and the second is polynomial. The power form of the Genetic Algorithm-Time Series (GATS) model is used for the thermal electricity production. The polynomial form of the GATS is used for the electricity production from the hydraulic sources. The GATS weighting parameters are obtained by minimizing the Sum of Squared Error (SSE) between observed and estimated electricity production from both sources. Therefore, the fitness function adapted is the minimization of the SSE for use in the GA process. The application of the GATS model is correspondingly presented. Some future scenarios are made to increase the electricity production from hydraulic sources. Variations of the electricity production from thermal and hydraulic energy sources are analyzed. Future prospects of electricity production are dealt with in terms of policy changes. The GATS models are used for making scenarios for future electricity planning policy. Results also show if current trend continues, the thermal electricity production amounts to 75% of the total electricity production, which is undesirable for environmental concerns. Results also shows that if new policy is to move from the thermal to hydraulic electricity production, the hydraulic sources will meet the demand until 2020.     

STATUS REPORT ON HEAT STORAGE WELLS1

ABSTRACT. The Heat Storage Well concept evolved at TEMPO in 1972. Technical, economic, institutional, and legal aspects of implementing the concept are being studied. Heat Storage Wells offer the possibility of conserving a substantial part of the heat energy now wasted in generating electricity and of reducing thermal pollution caused by the waste heat. Large thermal electric power plants would produce heat at useful temperatures such as 300–400°F. Combined electric- and heat-generating systems will require low-cost, low-loss storage of large amounts of hot water for periods of 90 to 180 days to serve both electric loads and seasonally-varying heat loads. Compared to conventional electricity-only systems, combined electricity-heat systems can save more than 20 percent in energy, reduce the cost of both electricity and heat, and eliminate the need for cooling water or towers. Possibilities for changes in legal and institutional practices are suggested, such as making resource-allocation decisions on the basis of energy units rather than dollars.     

气田增压机组烟气余热利用技术

综述国内外烟气余热利用技术的研究及应用现状,主要包括热能直接回收、吸收式制冷、有机朗肯循环和温差发电等方式。结合气田开采实际,分析讨论各类余热利用技术在气田增压机组烟气余热利用中的应用潜力和发展方向。在选择余热利用方案时,应结合气田增压机组现有条件、机组性能以及运行模式等因素进行综合评估。     

Energetic valorization of SRF in dedicated plants and cement kilns and guidelines for application in Greece and Cyprus

A debate is still open on issues of waste to energy methodologies aiming to answer to questions of particular relevance, such as whether the concept of SRF/RDF production can be applied directly to MSW through the Mechanical–Biological Treatment (MBT) process, when selective collection acts as a virtual pre-treatment of the same, or if the use of SRF/RDF as alternative fuel in cement kilns is the most sustainable solution. In this study, two scenarios were analyzed and compared: (a) the use of SRF in a new dedicated thermal plant for electricity production and (b) the use of SRF as an alternative fuel in an existing cement plant. The comparative assessment was based on principles of Sustainable Waste Management embracing technical and cost issues, environmental protection, industrial ecology and symbiosis. The application of SWOT analysis showed that the use of SRF in cement kilns is more sustainable compared to its use in a new dedicated plant for electricity production.     

解析电除尘烟温与粉尘特性的最佳结合点

分析了电除尘烟温对粉尘特性的影响,以及烟温对电除尘器效率的影响,从中找出烟温调节与粉尘特性的最佳结合点。利用烟温调节的理念,应用余热利用节能电除尘技术对电除尘器进行提效改造,通过实例证明,这既可扩大电除尘器适应性和提高电除尘效率、满足低排放要求,又可节省电煤消耗和降低电耗,具有环保与经济的双重效益。     

Theoretical Calculation and Economic Assessment of the Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Plants

The ISCC technology representing an integrated solar combined cycle and the economic assessment of ISCC are investigated. Comparisons conducted by theoretical calculation method among two cases, that is, an integrated solar combined cycle system (ISCCS) and a combined cycle gas turbine system (CCGTS) show that ISCCS provides the best solution with the highest efficiency of heat to electricity among them. The results reflected by theoretical calculation also reveal that ISCCS is beneficial to energy saving and emission reduction. Due to the great advantages of ISCC, comprehensive analysis on the basic conditions for building ISCC power plants is analyzed in detail.     

Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of a Novel Hybrid Heat-Pipe Solar Collector

Abstract

This article describes a novel flat plate heat-pipe solar collector, namely, the hybrid heat-pipe solar collector. An analytical model has been developed to calculate the collector efficiency as well as simulate the heat transfer processes occurring in the collector. The effects of heat pipes/absorber, top cover, flue gas channel geometry, and flue gas temperature and flow rate, on the collector efficiency were investigated based on three modes of operation, i.e., solar only operation, solar/exhaust gas combined, and solar, exhaust gas and boiler combined. Experimental testing of the collector was also carried out for each of these modes of operation under real climatic conditions. The results were used to estimate the efficiency of the collector and determine the relation between the efficiency and general external parameter. The modeling and experimental results were compared and a correlation factor was used to modify the theoretical predictions. It was found that the efficiency of the collector was increased by about 20–30% compared to a conventional flat-plate heat pipe solar collector.     

曙光油田节能减排现状调查及对策研究

曙光采油厂随着超稠油的不断开发,生产能耗也随之增加,通过开展节能减排及节能挖潜工作,全厂能耗增长状态得到了良好的控制,能耗总量由2005年的58.21×10~4t标煤下降到2008年的47.75×10~4t标煤;原油(气)液生产单位综合能耗为52.02 kg标煤/t,同期对比减少0.38 kg标煤/t;生产系统运行效率不断提高。文章详细介绍了曙光油田从机采系统、热注系统、集输系统等方面推广应用节能新技术、新产品,达到其投资和运行费用最少,经济性较好,对油田减排挖潜进行了探讨。     

天然气集输系统节能减排措施研究与实施

以丘东采油厂为例,从能源消耗结构、管理和技术三个方面,对天然气集输过程中能源消耗情况及清洁生产方案措施实施效果进行分析,确定影响节能减排的关键因素;通过节能减排技术的应用,采取节能管理措施,降低能源消耗,减少污染物排放,取得一定的效果。