海带渣废弃物资源化利用以及多功能菌肥固体发酵条件的优化

海带渣是海带加工过程中主要固体废弃物。本实验利用海带渣对生防菌株JGA2(-5)27-2进行固体发酵。实验对不同发酵条件下发酵产物对植物病原真菌寄生曲霉的抑制活性与对发酵产植物激素6-糠氨基嘌呤的能力进行测定。通过单因素实验和响应面实验优化了发酵条件:蔗糖为最优的碳源;硝酸盐为最优的氮源;蔗糖浓度、KNO3浓度、最佳的培养时间、含水量、培养温度、接种量和pH值分别为2.091%、0.507%、8.24 d、60%、35℃、4%和自然pH值。在发酵过程中以添加KNO3的形式向发酵菌肥中加入K+离子。实验证明,利用生防菌株JGA2(-5)27-2进行海带渣的固体发酵生产多功能微生物肥料具有可行性,并为海带渣的资源化在农业领域的利用提供一定参考。     

海带对镉的吸附动力学与热力学研究

采用批量平衡法研究了海带对镉的吸附的动力学与热力学,并采用Lagrange假一级动力学方程、假二级动力学方程、Langmuir等温线方程、Freundlich等温线方程以及Dubimim-Radushkevich等温线方程对实验数据进行了拟合.结果表明,在4种温度下海带对镉的吸附率均随吸附反应时间增加而增大,在60 min时达到最大,此后基本保持不变,随着温度由20℃升高至50℃,其最大吸附率呈下降趋势,由90.2%降至77.5%;海带对镉的吸附动力学符合Lagrange假二级动力学方程;海带对镉的吸附热力学符合Langmuir等温线方程和Dubimim-Radushkevich等温线方程,表明吸附主要发生在海带表面的活性区位,属于单分子层吸附,其吸附平均活化自由能E为11.4 kJ/mol,表明该吸附过程为化学吸附,在4种温度下吉布斯自由能变化量△AG°均为负值,吸附焓变△H°也为负值,表明海带对镉的吸附为放热反应,能自发进行.     

3种大型海藻对含铅废水的生物吸附研究

运用批吸附技术研究了海带、裙带菜和条斑紫菜对水溶液中Pb2+的吸附特性。结果表明:pH是影响生物吸附的重要因素,海带和裙带菜吸附Pb2+的适宜pH在3~5之间,紫菜吸附Pb2+的最佳pH为4;在20~40℃范围内,3种海藻对Pb2+的生物吸附非常快,40 min达到吸附平衡,动力学数据符合准二级动力学模型;Langmuir和Freundlich模型成功地拟合了平衡数据。热力学分析表明吸附能够自发进行。红外光谱分析表明,羧基是海带和裙带菜吸附Pb2+的主要官能团。实验结果表明,用这3种海藻吸附剂对水溶液中Pb2+具有较好的吸附性能,海带和裙带菜的吸附容量相近,优于紫菜。     

海带工业生产废水处理技术研究

采用气浮 -酸化水解 -生物接触氧化工艺处理海带工业生产废水。工程实践运行表明 ,该工艺处理效果好 ,运行稳定 ,工程投资省。     

海带工业生产废水处理技术研究

采用气浮－酸化水解－生物接触氧化工艺 处理海带工业生产废水。工程 实践运行表明,该工艺处理效果好,运行稳定,工程投资省。     

网络版摘要

有机固体废弃物富氧气化反应的半经验预测模型研究;流化床工况下石油焦燃烧过程中NO及N2O排放规律的研究;新型天然高分子吸附剂对铬离子吸附性能研究;超声波联合Fenton试剂对间甲酚降解的研究;高效UASB反应器常温处理海带渣废水的试验研究。     

4种镧改性海藻粉末对养殖废水中磷的去除

为了解决使用矿物材料除磷产生大量沉积物的问题和实现磷的资源化利用,研究了镧改性的海带(LaLJ)、石莼(La-UL)、红藻(La-RP)和浒苔(La-EP)干化粉末材料对模拟废水和养猪废水中磷的吸附特征。在模拟废水中,随吸附剂用量的增加,4种镧改性的海藻对模拟废水中磷的吸附量均呈指数下降;随初始pH的升高,La-EP和La-UL对磷的吸附量增加,而La-LJ和La-RP对磷的吸附量减少。动力学吸附过程和等温吸附过程分别用准二级动力学模型和Freundlich模型拟合更适合。4种镧改性海藻对磷的最大吸附量为8.94～11.25 mg·g~(-1),相比于改性前,La-LJ、La-UL、La-RP和La-EP对磷的吸附量分别增加了24、38、66和25倍。在养猪废水中,经4种镧改性海藻吸附处理后,废水含磷浓度降低到2.5 mg·L~(-1)以下,能实现达标排放。因此,镧改性的4种海藻是养猪废水吸附除磷的可行材料。     

日本汽车回收再利用制度对中国的借鉴意义

随着中国<循环经济促进法>的颁布,报废汽车的回收再利用问题引起了更多的关注.在介绍日本汽车回收再利用制度的内容、运行机制及特点的基础上,分析了中国报废汽车回收再利用的现状及存在问题,阐述了日本汽车回收再利用制度对中国的借鉴意义.     

城市生活垃圾填埋场产气控制利用技术研究进展

文章综述了当前国内外城市生活垃圾填埋场产气控制利用技术研究、利用现状,分析了我国适于实施填埋产沼工程的有利条件,得出国内对填埋场气体利用具有广阔的前景.最后提出了在该领域国内今后主要的研究方向.     

废线路板资源化利用企业环保准入条件初步研究——以江苏省为例

介绍了中国废线路板资源化利用的主要方法及存在的环境问题.结合江苏省废线路板资源化利用行业的发展现状,分析了对废线路板资源化利用企业制定环保准人条件的必要性,并初步建立了一套废线路板资源化利用企业的环保准人指标体系,对企业布局及要求,原料的来源、运输和贮存,生产工艺和设备,环境保护,安全生产和监督管理等6个方面做出了较为...     

农业废弃物的资源化利用

我国的农业资源浪费和破坏现象十分严重,解决这一问题的根本途径是开展农业废弃物的资源化利用,它是农业可持续发展的重要方面。本文在分析了农业废弃物资源化利用的理论基础后,讨论了农业废弃物的主要资源化利用途径和支持与保障体系。     

Economics of carbon dioxide capture and utilization—a supply and demand perspective

Lately, the technical research on carbon dioxide capture and utilization (CCU) has achieved important breakthroughs. While single CO₂-based innovations are entering the markets, the possible economic effects of a large-scale CO₂ utilization still remain unclear to policy makers and the public. Hence, this paper reviews the literature on CCU and provides insights on the motivations and potential of making use of recovered CO₂ emissions as a commodity in the industrial production of materials and fuels. By analyzing data on current global CO₂ supply from industrial sources, best practice benchmark capture costs and the demand potential of CO₂ utilization and storage scenarios with comparative statics, conclusions can be drawn on the role of different CO₂ sources. For near-term scenarios the demand for the commodity CO₂ can be covered from industrial processes, that emit CO₂ at a high purity and low benchmark capture cost of approximately 33 €/t. In the long-term, with synthetic fuel production and large-scale CO₂ utilization, CO₂ is likely to be available from a variety of processes at benchmark costs of approx. 65 €/t. Even if fossil-fired power generation is phased out, the CO₂ emissions of current industrial processes would suffice for ambitious CCU demand scenarios. At current economic conditions, the business case for CO₂ utilization is technology specific and depends on whether efficiency gains or substitution of volatile priced raw materials can be achieved. Overall, it is argued that CCU should be advanced complementary to mitigation technologies and can unfold its potential in creating local circular economy solutions.     

Emergy-based comparative analysis on industrial clusters: economic and technological development zone of Shenyang area,China

In China, local governments of many areas prefer to give priority to the development of heavy industrial clusters in pursuit of high value of gross domestic production (GDP) growth to get political achievements, which usually results in higher costs from ecological degradation and environmental pollution. Therefore, effective methods and reasonable evaluation system are urgently needed to evaluate the overall efficiency of industrial clusters. Emergy methods links economic and ecological systems together, which can evaluate the contribution of ecological products and services as well as the load placed on environmental systems. This method has been successfully applied in many case studies of ecosystem but seldom in industrial clusters. This study applied the methodology of emergy analysis to perform the efficiency of industrial clusters through a series of emergy-based indices as well as the proposed indicators. A case study of Shenyang Economic Technological Development Area (SETDA) was investigated to show the emergy method’s practical potential to evaluate industrial clusters to inform environmental policy making. The results of our study showed that the industrial cluster of electric equipment and electronic manufacturing produced the most economic value and had the highest efficiency of energy utilization among the four industrial clusters. However, the sustainability index of the industrial cluster of food and beverage processing was better than the other industrial clusters.     

Impact of economic capabilities and population agglomeration on PM2.5 emission: empirical evidence from sub-Saharan African countries

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The utilization of economic capabilities to raise production in the economy enhances the industrial activities and use of transportation. These...     

Quantifying the core driving force for the sustainable redevelopment of industrial heritage: implications for urban renewal

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Industrial heritage redevelopment (IHR) is the redevelopment and utilization of original industrial buildings. The sustainable development of IHR...     

煤矸石的综合利用现状

煤矸石是我国排放量最大的工业废渣之一 ,不仅占用大量农田和土地 ,而且严重污染环境。为了加强对煤矸石利用以使其资源化 ,对我国的煤矸石资源状况、我国煤矸石的综合利用技术研究的现状进行了综述 ,并对煤矸石资源化提出了一些设想。     

Utilization of natural chabazite and mordenite as a reactive barrier for immobilization of hazardous heavy metals

Introduction  

Understanding the sorption process in natural geomedia is necessary for effective utilization of these materials as low-cost adsorbents and consequently as controlled release hazardous elements. This research was oriented to investigate the affinity of two natural zeolite minerals towards cobalt, zinc, and nickel mixture as an important industrial and radioactive waste.     

城市生活垃圾填埋场产气控制利用技术研究进展

文章综述了当前国内外城市生活垃圾填埋场产气控制利用技术研究、利用现状,分析了我国适于实施填埋产沼工程的有利条件,得出国内对填埋场气体利用具有广阔的前景.最后提出了在该领域国内今后主要的研究方向.     

污水土地处理系统的应用分析

污水土地处理与人民生活息息相关，这就使得污水土地处理作为一项环境治理的实用技术越来越多地引起人们的重视。本文阐述了该处理技术的优缺点，论述了其消除污染物危害的机理，特别讨论了污水土地处埋系统设计中需要考虑的因素。