农村纪念性景园的生态环境保护探讨——以朱德故居纪念园为例

以朱德故居纪念园的环境保护规划为实例，分析了朱德故居纪念园在旅游开发中面临的生态环境问题：旅游基础设施建设的负面影响，旅游活动引起的环境恶化，当地社会经济发展的压力，忽视人文生态保护。提出了针对农村纪念性景园旅游开发中生态环境治理和建设的综合性保护对策。     

民族旅游开发与民族文化保护理念

我国民族文化旅游的兴起，既满足了当代旅游者的需求，又促进了当地经济发展，但同时不可避免地给当地民族文化带来一定影响。民族旅游可以促进文化交流，为民族文化的传承提供动力。民族旅游的开发要走生态之路，树立文化认同观念。     

经济欠发达型旅游资源非优区的开发探讨——以山东省阳信县为例

经济欠发达型旅游资源非优区的旅游开发研究是现在旅游开发研究的一个新的视角。由于经济基础、区位条件、资源禀赋的限制，经济欠发达型旅游资源非优区的研究面临种种困难，目前对于此种类型的旅游资源非优区的研究也比较缺乏。以山东省阳信县为例，在对其发展现状分析的基础上，分析其可行性开发条件，并从开发战略和开发策略两个方面对该地区的旅游开发进行了探讨，这不仅对当地的旅游发展具有一定的实践意义，而且对其它同种类型的旅游地的发展也具有一定的借鉴意义。     

三峡库区移民农户对乡村旅游开发的响应及其生计变化研究

以三峡库区库首、库中、库尾6个镇720户移民农户为例,分析了他们参与乡村旅游开发的现状与乡村旅游开发前后的生计变化。结果表明:1巫山县大昌镇、巫溪县文峰镇、丰都区高家镇乡村旅游较成熟,游客量相对较大,移民农户参与当地乡村旅游服务的比例较大。2如果参与当地乡村旅游后能给移民农户带来相对较高且较稳定的收益,移民农户就会愿意参与当地乡村旅游服务。同时,政府如果加大对当地乡村旅游的规划、投入和相关资金政策的扶持,会对移民农户参与当地乡村旅游服务产生积极的促进作用。3乡村旅游开发后,移民农户的生计策略从传统的务农和外出打工向在本地打工和个体经营转变。     

区域旅游资源开发战略理论阐释

旅游资源开发战略是旅游资源开发总思路、总方针的高度凝练和体现,与当地旅游资源状况的相适应情况直接关系到区域旅游的发展状况。就常用的区域旅游资源开发战略进行理论阐述,以期深化理解旅游资源开发主要战略的思想内涵,对旅游规划的制定、旅游资源开发实践活动的开展和区域旅游发展的科学决策有所启示和帮助。     

西部大开发与重庆市旅游业的可持续发展

重庆具有发展旅游业得天独厚的区位条件,而西部大开发进一步从交通环境、经济基础、市场开拓和生态保护几个方面为重庆旅游提供了良好的外部条件;但目前重庆的旅游业发展面临着严重的挑战。从战略方向和形象策划、客源定位、旅游产品的深层次开发、旅游基础设施的建设和旅游服务体系的完善、旅游管理和旅游人才的教育以及发展生态旅游几个方面,提出了重庆旅游业可持续发展的战略方向和战略对策。     

拉萨周边地区乡村旅游发展的阻力问题分析

拉萨周边地区是西藏乡村旅游发展的龙头,具有一定的示范效应.调查发现,拉萨周边地区乡村旅游面临着开发和经营管理方面的诸多问题.运用DEMATEL法揭示其问题的中心度和原因度,从而找出其乡村旅游发展面临的关键性问题及其背后的原因,并提出相应的对策,以期为拉萨周边地区乡村旅游的可持续发展提供决策参考.     

喀什地区非遗旅游开发对少数民族的影响研究

旅游是一种综合的社会现象,表现形式错综复杂,产生的影响有着巨大的综合性。非遗旅游资源是遗产旅游开发中备受瞩目的热点话题,但作为一种敏感脆弱的资源,在旅游开发中一旦不合理,将会对非遗造成不可挽回的严重后果。选取新疆非物质文化遗产最集中的地区——喀什地区为研究区域,应用调查问卷,在对当地非遗传承人和居民进行实地调研的基础上,通过经济、生活、文化、环境四个方面分析非遗开发对当地少数民族的影响,其中经济影响明显呈现出利大于弊的特点。根据研究结果,提出了非遗发展建议。     

资源枯竭型城市旅游竞争力研究——以焦作市为例

目前资源枯竭型城市普遍面临经济转型困难问题,发展旅游产业成为越来越多资源枯竭型城市的现实选择。以资源枯竭型城市河南省焦作市为研究对象,综合利用因子分析和层次分析法对焦作市2000—2013年旅游竞争力进行测算,并与其他资源枯竭型城市进行了对比。结果表明,焦作市近14年的旅游竞争力及各项分类指标均处于稳步上升的趋势,旅游业绩表现是旅游竞争力的决定性因子。焦作市旅游竞争力明显,但社会经济运行、基础设施支撑不强,需要当地政府部门加大基础设施投入,完善旅游服务体系。     

芜湖市美食旅游产品开发初探

近几年来,随着旅游业的发展和人们收入的提高,芜湖市美食旅游市场呈现繁荣景象.通过七大指标综合评价安徽省内若干城市发展美食旅游的条件,发现芜湖市具有发展美食旅游的优势,但仍存在问题.针对芜湖市美食旅游的发展现状和存在问题,提出了应从提高产品文化内涵、与其它类型产品进行联动开发等方面开发美食旅游产品的策略.     

武威城乡融合发展核心区旅游与文化资源融合相关问题研究简

武威市被确定成为甘肃省统筹城乡发展的试验区,为当地经济、文化、旅游发展带来了新的战略机遇。虽然武威城乡融合发展核心区旅游业取得了长足发展,但是存在旅游文化产业要素分布不均衡,产业水平总体不高;文化资源与旅游产业的整合、融合度不足;旅游产品创新程度总体不高等问题。在对核心区文化旅游资源进行空间整合分析的基础上,深入挖掘了大靖、土门的历史文化资源特征,探讨了如何建立大靖历史文化名镇观光体验区、明代堡寨军事文化旅游体验区、土门故城体验旅游区、山陕会馆移民商贸文化体验旅游区等重点旅游项目。     

基于旅游地生命周期理论下的旅游规划与开发研究——借鉴日本经验

中国旅游规划与开发是随着中国现代旅游业的发展而逐渐发展起来的.中国现代旅游业发展历史较短,旅游规划发展的历史也较短.近十余年,随着中国旅游业的迅猛发展,旅游规划与开发正朝着法制化、科学化方向迈进,但就目前情况而言,还存在着许多问题,如规划与开发的立法完善、规划的科学性与实际可操作性等,这些问题的解决可借鉴一些发达国家的旅游规划与开发经验.日本现代旅游业发展历史长,它们在旅游规划与开发方面有着许多值得借鉴的经验.     

苏州国际旅游节城市旅游效应研究与思考

现代节庆活动发展迅速,有效塑造了城市旅游形象,促进了城市旅游业的发展。以苏州国际旅游节为例,对历届苏州国际旅游节进行了初步梳理和分析,利用相关数据,对其产生的旅游经济效应、社会文化效应和环境效应进行了综合评价,认为苏州国际旅游节成功塑造了苏州的城市形象,刺激了苏州旅游业发展,有利于苏州旅游资源的有效整合。当前苏州国际旅游节在运营模式、主题创新和当地居民参与度等方面还存在一些问题,对此进行了思考并提出改进建议,以期更好地发挥苏州国际旅游节的整体旅游效应。     

Are we planning for sustainable disaster recovery? Evaluating recovery plans after the Wenchuan earthquake

This article examines local recovery plans that were created in response to the Wenchuan earthquake and then suggests ways that planners can better apply the concept of sustainability to the recovery process. We utilize a plan evaluation protocol to analyze 16 recovery plans in counties and towns that were severely affected by the earthquake. We also conducted semi-structured interviews with public officials and planners, with the qualitative data gleaned from these interviews being used to supplement the plan quality assessment. The results reveal that local recovery plans do not appear to have incorporated sufficiently the concepts of sustainability. We conclude the paper with the following recommendations: emphasizing sustainability as a policy priority during vision and goal development; developing solid databases and planning techniques; designing a diversified set of regulatory- and incentive-based policy tools suitable for local governments; enhancing social and institutional learning; and further integrating multi-level and interagency governmental units.     

我国旅游开发的环境伦理学审视

环境是旅游发展的基础。我国的旅游开发为地方和国家的社会经济发展做出了重要贡献,但在发展过程中出现了自然生态环境破坏严重、旅游区人文环境失调等环境伦理问题。在分析这些问题及其原因的基础上,提出了构建环境伦理秩序的主要措施,以期实现旅游业的可持续发展。     

Ecotourism,sustainable development,and conservation education: Development of a tour guide training program in Tortuguero,Costa Rica

A tour guide training program was developed for rural communities near Costa Rica's Tortuguero National Park to respond to the impacts of the 24-fold increase in park visitation in the past decade, to involve local communities in resource management, and to provide regional environmental education. The development of the training course involved a survey of scientists and park managers to ascertain resource management needs, priorities for information to be disseminated, and impacts of tourism on the resource base. Current and potential tour guides were surveyed to identify their information needs, solicit their input in the training program, and to determine their knowledge and skills. Written questionnaires were developed and given to 400 tourists to determine their activities and environmental information needs, and hotel owners were censused to examine the economic feasibility of a local guide program. A pilot training course and guide program involving 12 Tortuguero residents demonstrated that a tour guide program: (1) helped mitigate negative tourism impacts on Tortuguero National Park's natural resources, particularly by regulating tourists on the park's 35-km beach used for nesting by endangered sea turtles; (2) provided environmental education to an important segment of the local community not traditionally reached through school or government development projects; (3) provided environmental information to tourists, thus enhancing their visit; and (4) provided local economic benefits through lucrative part-time employment, thereby allowing local people to participate more fully in the tourism system. An extended training course is being planned to provide further environmental education programming and to increase year-round employment opportunities for the tour guides.     

青藏铁路运营后的西藏旅游业:机遇、威胁与发展对策

近年来西藏旅游业得到较快发展，但仍存在基础设施建设不足、环境破坏日益严重、旅游成本过高等一系列问题。我国对西藏旅游业的发展给予了高度重视，青藏铁路的全线运营给西藏旅游业发展带来了前所未有的机遇和动力，同时也对西藏的社会环境、生态环境构成了潜在的威胁，作者对此作了简要剖析并提出了对策建议。     

旅游规划中的目的地竞合分析——以芜湖市为例

经过多年旅游开发实践的驱动，我国旅游规划工作有了长足发展，但目前仍存在旅游规划模式化，忽视规划区的“地方性”，缺乏规划区的区际与区内旅游空间竞争与合作关系研究等，使规划区功能、产品、市场等定位不准，策划的项目与周边区域雷同等问题突出。在旅游规划中加强目的地竞合分析是寻求目的地特色、准确定位、优化线路、创新产品体系等的前提和重要、有效的技术手段。阐述了旅游目的地竞合分析的内容和方法，并以芜湖市为例，对芜湖市的区内和区际旅游空间竞合进行分析，提出了芜湖市旅游功能定位、战略目标与空间布局。     

Local people's attitudes towards conservation and wildlife tourism around Sariska Tiger Reserve, India

Conservationists in the recent years view local peoples' support for protected areas management as an important element of biodiversity conservation. This is often linked to the direct benefits, which local communities get from the protected areas. These benefits could be in the form of biomass resources, park funds diverted to local villages by state agencies and revenue from wildlife tourism. There are a very few studies which have attempted to study the direct relationship between benefits from wildlife tourism and local support for conservation. In India, wildlife tourism is restricted, and mostly controlled by state and private agencies. Wildlife conservation policy does not view tourism in protected areas as a source of revenue for the local communities. The present study examines the local people's attitudes towards wildlife tourism and the impact of benefits from tourism on the local support for Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR), India. STR is a flagship for tourism where protected areas are increasingly being visited and where local support for wildlife tourism has not been studied adequately. Results indicate that two-thirds of the respondents were positive towards tourism and support for conservation. The respondents were aware that more tourism benefits are possible from a well-conserved protected area. There appears to be correlation between benefits obtained by local people from wildlife tourism and other sources, and support for protected area existence, suggesting that benefits impact people's attitudes towards conservation. Some of the main problems are the unequal distribution of tourism benefits, lack of locals' involvement in tourism and development. There is a need to clearly address these issues, so that protected areas may get the support of local people, which may lead to sustainable development.     

"耕读文化"的旅游开发利用研究——以浙江楠溪江流域古村落为例

浙江永嘉县楠溪江流域是典型的“耕读文化”分布区,具有巨大的旅游开发价值,但目前流域内旅游开发力度不够、开发方式单一、开发效益较低。其中有管理体制问题、资金问题和如何协调开发与保护关系问题,但最核心的问题是没有找到将地方旅游资源转换为具体旅游项目或旅游产品较好的方式,特别是由于“耕读文化”的抽象性、隐含性及具体存在形式的零散性,开发时比其它旅游资源的难度更大。基于楠溪江旅游开发这一核心问题,从旅游项目策划、产品开发角度探讨了楠溪江“耕读文化”的旅游开发。