实验室废液的达标排放

对实验室产生的废液一定要经过处理至达到国家规定的水质排放标准后才能排放等问题进行了阐述，并介绍了几种实验室废液的处理方法。     

实验室常见废液处理方法介绍

讨论实验室废液的来源和对环境的危害性，并着重对实验室废液的分类、处理方法及注意事项进行探讨。     

50所长江沿岸高校实验废液排放情况调查与分析

目的：了解长江沿岸高校实验室废液排放情况及现状。方法：以问卷调查方式，对长江沿岸高校实验室操作程序、管理制度、废液排放情况进行调查。结果：38％的高校管理制度不完善，68％的高校实验操作不规范，44％的学校环保意识宣传不到位，62％的高校实验废液未处理就直接排放。结论：高校实验室正成为长江生态环境恶化的污染源．我国应制定和完善相关法律，加强实验废液处理，杜绝高校成为长江水质污染新的根源。     

实验室环境污染治理的建议与对策

环境监测实验室,本身是起着监测污染的目的。但在监测污染,确定污染物分析污染的同时也在产生着污染,分析中必然要使用化学试剂并产生废液,其中不乏剧毒物质、致癌物等。如果直接将废液排放,将对环境造成新的污染,并且这些污染比一般污染更难处理。     

浅议高等学校实验室中的环境污染

介绍了高等学校实验室所排放的废液、废气、废渣、过期试剂、放射性物质、生物、病毒等对环境的污染和人体健康的危害,同时提出了减少实验室污染的方法。     

缫丝废液的综合利用

缫丝废液中含有丰富的蛋白质，直接排入严重污染环境，废液中的蛋白质能用化学或生物化学方面水解成有用的氨基酸，后者是化学，医药，食品，饲料工业的重要原料，本文报道了缫丝废液中蛋白质酸水解和酶水解的研究结果以及部分酶水解的规律。     

环境监测实验室有机物分析安全问题探讨

为提高环境监测实验室有机物分析中的安全保障,本文结合目前实验室有机物分析中凸显的一些安全问题,从常用溶剂性质、被分析物质的毒理性、废液的处置方式等方面提出了一些解决办法,同时也为构建绿色有机实验室提供有效依据,以供相关同仁参考和探讨。     

新型电除尘器在皂化陵液焚烧废气治理中的应用

皂化废液焚烧技术是一种新型的化工工艺，移植造纸黑液焚烧技术，采用焚烧法来处理皂化废液，产生的废气污染严重，常规电除尘器不能满足当前废气治理要求，开发的新型高效电除尘器投入应用后，取得了满意效果。     

非常规油气田开发作业废液处理站选址模型研究

针对作业废液处理站选址问题，通过分析长庆某油气田油气井点位分布、废水产量，注水点位置 信息，运用Python、Arcgic、Excel等分析工具，以作业废液处理站建设成本与作业废液的运输成本之和最小为目标函数，节点单日作业废液产量之和小于等于作业废液处理站日处理量为主要约束条件，在路径不明的情况 下，修正路径距离，建立废液处理站选址模型并进行求解。模型运行结果表明，通过选址模型可以得出作业废 液处理站的最优坐标点位置，随着设定作业废液处理站数量增加，运输费用逐渐降低，单座处理站规模降低，但运算量也随之增大，选址模型对非常规油气田开发作业废液处理站的选址具有指导意义。     

利用造纸黑液回收电镀废液中铬的研究

本文报道了利用造纸黑液回收电镀废液中铬的方法，阐明了造纸黑液中所含有还原性物质与Ｃｒ＾６＋的反应机理；讨论了进行反应的最佳条件以及采用这一方法对废液的治理效果。     

环境监测质量管理实践与探讨

环境监测质量管理是环境监测实验室的重要工作之一,是保证环境监测数据“准确性、精密性、代表性、完整性、可比性”的重要手段。在总结环境监测实验室（二级站）环境监测质量管理实践经验的基础上,针对管理过程中存在的领导重视程度不够、体系文件宣贯不到位、技术人员上岗证考核不系统、现场采样和样品管理质控有缺陷等方面问题,提出了强化制度落实、加强技术培训、试行全过程质控等对策建议。     

高校实验室污染现状调查及排污管理方案研究

对某高校各实验室污染现状进行调查分析。结果表明，在所调查的16个院系中，12个院系其下属实验室存在污染物的排放，比例为75％；污染物涉及废气、废液、固体废物、噪音，其中废液与固体废物的排放量合计约11．09t／a；危险废物占国家危险废物名录所认定的47大类中的28类，比例高达59、6％。针对实验室排污的基本情况及特点，提出了“源头控制、分类收集、定点贮存、合理处置”的实验室排污管理方案。     

Industrial-waste management in developing countries: the case of Lebanon

This paper presents a critical assessment of the existing Lebanese industrial sector, namely the current status and classification of industrial establishments based on a comparative synthesis and analysis of recent nationwide surveys and studies pertaining to industrial-waste management. Characterisation of solid and liquid industrial wastes generated, including hazardous wastes, is presented together with current and projected waste loads, recycling opportunities, and export/import practices. Institutional capacity and needs pertaining to the enforcement of relevant environmental legislation, staffing and resources, monitoring schemes, and public participation are critically evaluated. Finally, realistic options for industrial-waste management in the context of country-specific institutional economic and technical limitations are outlined. The industrial sector in Lebanon consists of small-scale industries (84% employ less than 10 persons), primarily involved in light manufacturing (96%). These industries which are distributed among 41 ill-defined zones and deficient in appropriate physical infrastructure, generate solid, liquid, and hazardous waste estimated at 346,730 tons/year, 20,169,600 m3/year and between 3000 to 15,000 tons/year, respectively. Although the growth of this sector contributes significantly to the socio-economic development of the country (industry accounts for 17% of the gross domestic product), in the absence of a comprehensive environmental management plan, this expansion may not be sustained into the coming millennium. The anticipated expansion will inevitably amplify adverse environmental impacts associated with industrial activities due to rising waste volumes and improper waste handling and disposal practices. These impacts are further aggravated by a deficient institutional framework, a lack of adequate environmental laws, and lax enforcement of regulations governing industrial-waste management.     

高校化学实验室污染调查及清洁生产方案的初探

高校化学实验室污染是普遍存在的现象，文章通过对成都理工大学化学实验室污染状况进行调查，在对教学计划中各系实验课程及其污染物排放情况调查基础上，又对废物的排放情况进行了统计。结果显示，危险废物排放量约为1．4t／a，占实验室污染物排放总量的43．46％，针对化学实验室污染物的产排情况及具体特点，制定了相应的清洁生产管理方案，并以将废物处理引入学生第二课堂作为创新点进行了阐述，将清洁生产技术与实验室建设管理相结合，以实现教育发展与环境保护的协调发展。     

固液分离法处理废钻井液的实验研究

废钻井液对环境的污染是一个难以解决的问题。针对塔里木油田的地质情况,使用固液分离法对部分废钻井液样品进行了实验研究工作。固液分离法采用两次处理工艺流程。即先经一级初步絮凝处理和强化离心分离,使大部分固相去除,然后对脱出的废液进行第二级絮凝处理后即可达到排放要求。实验结果表明：固液分离法能够将废钻井液分离成固-液两相,其液相能够达到排放要求,固相残渣对环境污染程度大幅度降低甚至无污染;若将此处理法同其它方法相结合,如坑内密封法、固化法等相结合会得到更满意的环保效果。     

Integrated environmental monitoring and simulation system for use as a management decision support tool in urban areas

Leachates are generated as a result of water or other liquid passing through waste at a landfill site. These contaminated liquids originate from a number of sources, including the water produced during the decomposition of the waste as well as rain-fall which penetrates the waste and dissolves the material with which it comes into contact. The penetration of the rain-water depends on the nature of the landfill (e.g. surface characteristics, type and quantity of vegetation, gradient of layers, etc). The uncontrolled infiltration of leachate into the vadose (unsaturated) zone and finally into the saturated zone (groundwater) is considered to be the most serious environmental impact of a landfill. In the present paper the water flow and the pollutant transport characteristics of the Ano Liosia Landfill site in Athens (Greece) were simulated by creating a model of groundwater flows and contaminant transport. A methodology for the model is presented. The model was then integrated into the Ecosim system which is a prototype funded by the EU, (Directorate General XIII: Telematics and Environment). This is an integrated environmental monitoring and modeling system, which supports the management of environmental planning in urban areas.     

北京市医院环保验收内容及注意事项

根据建设项目竣工环境保护验收规范要求,针对北京市医院环保验收内容,总结了此类项目的验收工作重点,并具体阐述了医院废水监测、医疗废物管理、环境管理检查等工作实施中的注意事项。     

生活垃圾填埋场建设项目环保验收调查方法研究简

垃圾填埋场建设项目的主要环境问题包括：渗沥液排放、地下水环境污染、大气环境污染、噪声污染、景观变化和环境安全。根据工作经验,建立了包括建设项目基本情况、生态环境影响、社会环境影响、生态环境保护措施四大类调查监测指标为核心的环保验收调查指标体系,提出了文件资料核实、现场勘查、遥感调查、公众意见调查、环境监测和摄影法为主的建设项目竣工环保验收调查技术方法。     

聚合物钻井废液的处理研究

文章采用化学处理方法对聚合物钻井废液进行处理,先对其进行破胶混凝处理,再固液分离,最后固化处理。通过对几种主要处理剂的加量以及配伍性的研究,得出最优处理配方,经最优配方处理后的固化物浸出液监测指标均较好,其中色度、pH值及COD监测指标均能达到GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级标准,减少了聚合物钻井废液对环境的污染。     

Environmental Management of Quarries as Waste Disposal Facilities

Problems associated with the disposal of municipal solid waste have become a source of public concern worldwide as awareness of potential adverse environmental impacts and health threats from solid waste has increased. Communities are concerned about the generation and management of solid waste to the extent of refusing to allow new disposal facilities near their homes, often after witnessing the legacy of existing facilities. Under these conditions, the development of national policies for the management of solid waste becomes highly political, all while requiring appropriate technical solutions that ensure environmental protection and proper management plans that support an acceptable solution for the disposal of municipal solid waste. In some locations, the conversion of old quarries into well-engineered and controlled landfills appears as a promising solution to a continuously increasing problem, at least for many decades to come. This paper describes the environmental impacts associated with solid waste disposal in a converted quarry site and the mitigation measures that can be adopted to alleviate potential adverse impacts. Environmental management and monitoring plans are also discussed in the context of ensuring adequate environmental protection during and after the conversion process.