石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺在燃煤电厂的应用

本文基于石灰石－石膏湿法脱硫工艺在上海市燃煤电厂的应用现状，针对目前存在的诸多问题以及面临的困难，从环保需求、企业运营和政策控制三方面提出了合理的建议及解决方案．     

基于实测的湿法脱硫系统对颗粒物去除效果的研究

通过对我国4座燃煤电厂5台不同容量机组的石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫(WFGD)系统进、出口烟气中颗粒物的实测,计算各电厂湿法脱硫系统对颗粒物的去除效果,并分析其排放特征。结果表明:WFGD系统对烟气中总颗粒物的去除效率介于46.00%~61.70%之间,有较好的去除效果;对PM1的去除效率介于-12.61%~-1.58%之间,对PM2.5的去除效率介于-2.02%~8.50%之间,对PM10的去除效率介于42.63%~58.68%之间,对PM2.5及更小的亚微米颗粒的去除作用非常有限且波动较大,工况不佳易出现逆增长现象。     

武汉地区燃煤电厂烟气脱硫石膏利用前景分析

阐述了燃煤电厂烟气脱硫石膏的特性和国内外脱硫石膏的利用现状．结合上海实际，对烟气脱硫石膏在建筑建材业、农业等领域的应用前景进行了分析，指出烟气脱硫石膏的资源化利用符合循环经济理念，并能产生良好的环境、社会和经济效益．提出了烟气脱硫石膏的利用建议。     

固定箱式湿法烟气脱硫的探讨

固定箱式湿法烟气脱硫的探讨郭辉，王仁常，许受玉（辽宁旅顺环境监测站，１１６０４１）目前，国内中小型锅炉以干法除尘为主，不仅效率低，设备易老化磨损，而且易造成二次污染，对烟气的污染更是束手无策。近来，旅顺热能环保设备厂生产出一种固定箱式湿法除尘器──Ｓ...     

火电厂石灰石-石膏脱硫设施环保验收监测若干问题的探讨

以"十一五"期间较为常见的火电厂石灰石-石膏脱硫设施竣工环保验收监测为例,着重就验收过程监测布点、设施处理效率计算、污染物总量核算、减排项目标准执行以及环境管理检查中存在的问题进行探讨,提出解决问题的方法与思路,为今后火电厂竣工环保验收监测工作提供借鉴。     

利用转炉未燃法炼钢尘泥进行烟气脱硫的实验研究

利用炼钢尘泥的悬浮液进行脱硫实验,并与石灰石脱硫效果进行了对比.结果表明,炼钢尘泥的悬浮液是一种性能较好的铁系列脱硫剂,可以作为常用脱硫剂的替代品.     

湿法脱硫烟气中多形态颗粒物的测量方法及组分特征

为全面测量固定源湿法脱硫烟气中多形态颗粒物的排放浓度及其离子组成特征，提出了一种基于一级冷凝、二级过滤和一级冲击吸收的多形态烟气颗粒物的同步测量方法，外场实测了3种湿法脱硫和除尘工艺的排放水平。现场测试表明：简易湿法除尘脱硫（NaOH法）一体化装置烟气中可过滤颗粒物（FPM）浓度为（36±11）mg/m³，可逃逸颗粒物（EPM）浓度为（33±7）mg/m³；氧化镁法+布袋除尘工艺烟气中FPM浓度为（14±5）mg/m³，EPM浓度为（13±6）mg/m³；石灰石-石膏脱硫+电袋除尘工艺烟气中FPM浓度低，小于3 mg/m³，EPM浓度为（6±1）mg/m³；烟气中EPM是传统滤膜法检测FPM浓度的0.7~5.7倍，EPM的主要存在形态为冷凝液中的可溶解颗粒物（DPM），颗粒物的组分与脱硫方法密切相关，各形态颗粒物的主要组分是SO₄^2-、SO₃^2-、NO₃^-、NO₂^-、NH₄⁺、Cl^-、Na⁺、Mg²⁺和Ca²⁺等离子。     

典型钢铁企业汞排放水平及排放特征研究

以某典型钢铁企业为研究对象,测定企业废气、废水、固废汞排放水平,并分析汞排放特征。研究表明,球团、烧结、高炉工艺废气排口烟尘中汞排放浓度和排放速率明显低于烟气;汞主要以气态形式排放,烧结工艺排口废气汞最高浓度分别是其他2个排口的7倍和3倍。球团、烧结、高炉、电炉四工艺环节中,烧结汞排放速率占四工艺汞排放速率总和的87%。半干法脱硫、氨法脱硫、石灰石石膏脱硫对废气中汞的去除效率分别为90.0%、78.7%和29.9%。企业废水排放未检出汞,脱硫产生固废汞含量明显高于除尘产生固废汞含量,脱硫灰汞含量是脱硫石膏的15倍。     

脱硫系统中CEMS的应用

最新的环保要求规定,脱硫系统均要纪录烟气进口和出口中二氧化硫、烟尘、氮氧化物浓度等参数。纪录的数据须经过换算,得到脱硫效率、投运率、二氧化硫排放量等。本文对板桥纸业1#、2#炉脱硫系统中CEMS的改造进行分析,提出了CEMS的选型、安装及运行的解决方案。     

燃煤机组烟气脱硫超低排放技术研究

文章重点介绍了目前我国燃煤机组烟气脱硫超低排放技术,并列举了一些已经实现烟气脱硫超低排放技术改造的燃煤机组工程实例和运行效果。     

氨法脱硫废气中烟尘测试方法的实验研究

利用重量法测试原理,将氨法脱硫外排废气中烟尘监测滤筒用二次水经过超声波洗涤后过滤,在烘箱内于105℃烘干2 h后称量恒重,除去滤简中的硫酸铵成分,从而准确获得烟尘的含量.     

Direct coupling of supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography for the determination of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous environmental samples

A rapid and simple method is described for the quantitative determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous environmental samples. A microscale on-line supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography system using carbon dioxide is employed. The extract is analysed using capillary supercritical fluid chromatography with UV detection. Detection was carried out at 254 nm. An extraction efficiency of as high as 91% was obtained for the PAHs.     

双碱法烟气脱硫在供热行业的应用及减排效果

“十二五”期间,新疆面临控制新污染、解决老污染的双重压力,SO2总量控制任务十分艰巨。本文通过对新疆供热行业的现状分析,从经济、运行效果、投资、管理等方面进行双碱法烟气脱硫在供热行业应用的分析,提出在新疆推行供热行业烟气脱硫的可行性措施,为新疆“十二五”期间SO2减排工作建言献策。     

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from materials collected from buildings affected by microorganisms

In this study mould damaged materials, including carpet, concrete, gypsum board, insulation, plastic, sand and wood, from 20 different buildings with moisture problems were collected. To study emissions from these materials both conventional methods for sampling, such as collection on Tenax TA, were used as well as complementary methods for sampling a wider spectrum of compounds, such as more volatile VOCs, amines and aldehydes. Analysis was carried out using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Mass spectrometry was used for identification of compounds. Alcohols and ketones were almost exclusively emitted from the materials after they had been wet for a week. Acids were also emitted in large quantities from wet gypsum board and plastic. No primary or secondary amines could be identified, but two tertiary amines, trimethylamine and triethylamine, were emitted from sand contaminated by Bacillus. The most common moulds found were Penicillium and Aspergillus. A multivariate method (partial least squares, PLS) was used to investigate the emission patterns from the materials. Materials with bacterial growth had a different VOC profile to those with only mould growth.     

气相色谱法测定废水中的茚及芳烃混合物

本文采用气相色谱法，选择中等极性的Ｔｒｉｃｒｅｓｙｌｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ与高沸点的非极性ＡｐｉｅｚｏｎＬ配成混合固定液，测定工业废水中的茚及芳烃混合物。该方法灵敏度高，再现性好，简便快速，适合测定化工、制漆、制茚树脂生产所排放的废水，同时也能检出受苯系物及高沸点的不饱合物萘等多组分污染的水体     

A Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Prediction of Organic Dyes Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions

Modelling of the removal of synthetic dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorbents is important to develop an appropriate treatment plan using adsorption process. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamic model incorporating the Langmuir isotherm scheme and second-order kinetic expression to describe the adsorption process. The governing equation of the model was numerically solved using PHOENICS software to simulate synthetic dyes adsorption from the aqueous system. The experimental results presented in this study and taken from the literature for the removal of synthetic dyes were compared with those results predicted by the numerical model. The predicted outputs of the model match the experimental measurements satisfactory. A sensitivity analysis of the major parameters that influence the percent of dye removal from solution phase has been carried out. Three of the main parameters taken into account were the kinetic rate constant, amount of dye adsorbed at equilibrium and the Langmuir isotherm constant. It was found that the model is most sensitive to the amount of dye adsorbed at equilibrium. This effect is most obvious at the early stages of the adsorption process when the rate of dye removal is very fast. Quantification of the reaction mechanism allows developing an appropriate remediation strategy based on the adsorption process.     

大型火电机组二氧化硫排放规律研究

选取35台装机容量30万千瓦以上大型火电机组,进行了为期2年的监测。总结出大型火电机组二氧化硫排放规律,对大型火电机组燃煤含硫量、脱硫设施脱硫效率和二氧化硫排放浓度三者间的关系进行了统计分析,建立了线性回归方程,进而对燃用不同含硫量燃煤的火电机组执行不同排放标准时,配套脱硫设施需要达到的脱硫效率进行了预测。     

燃煤电厂石膏雨污染排放实测

对上海市8台燃煤机组开展了石膏雨和相关污染物排放监测,考察部分燃煤电厂石膏雨排放对周边居民生活和电厂生产造成的影响。结果表明,采用GGH并加热到一定温度,同时对除雾器进行优化的机组烟尘和可凝结颗粒物浓度均较低,石膏雨沉降和液滴均未检出,无冷凝回流液;虽然装有湿式电除尘器和GGH的机组石膏雨沉降未检出,但液滴浓度较高;仅装有湿式电除尘器的2台机组中1台检出石膏雨沉降;对照机组石膏雨沉降和液滴浓度均较高。建议电厂提升排烟温度,同时采取措施消除烟气中石膏夹带,彻底消除石膏雨,在标准制定时应充分考虑目前燃煤电厂多种污染物排放情况及其对环境的影响,尤其是石膏雨和可凝结颗粒物,制定相应的监测方法和评价体系,将其纳入火电厂排放标准中。