环境空气中对氯甲苯的监测分析方法研究

本文采用活性炭管采样，毛细管气相色谱法测定环境空气中的对氯甲苯，方法的最低检出限为0．10mg／m^3，方法的灵敏度高，重复性好，本法能够作为环境空气中对氯甲苯的测定方法。     

杭州城区环境空气中二口恶英浓度状况研究

依据2009年7月至2012年2月连续3年对杭州城区环境空气中二英（PCDD/Fs）采样分析结果得知，杭州城区环境空气中二英毒性当量质量浓度变化范围为0.13～0.55 pg TEQ/m³，均值为0.34 pg TEQ/m³。城区环境空气中二英浓度季节变化不显著，夏季略低于冬季；城区范围内不同功能区之间二英浓度差别不显著；连续3年监测结果未显现二英年度变化趋势。沙尘暴天气环境空气中二英浓度显著增高，日常天气和烟花爆竹集中燃放天气环境空气中二英形态分布存在明显区别，烟花爆竹集中燃放期间八氯代二苯并-对-二英（OCDD）占总质量浓度比例显著提高。利用IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0统计软件对24个监测结果聚类分析发现，杭州城区环境空气中二英的同类物分布具有明显的“源”分布特征。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定环境空气中恶臭硫化物成分

摘要：采用苏玛罐采样、冷阱顶浓缩处理样品、气相色谱质谱联用法测定环境空气中的甲硫醇、乙硫醇、甲硫醚、乙硫醚、甲乙硫醚、二甲二硫、二硫化碳等7种恶臭硫化物。结果表明，该方法的线性较好，7种硫化物的检出限为8．0×10-4～1．4×10-3mg／m3，混合标准气体平行测定时RSD范围在3．32％～6．17％，加标回收率为100％～117％。该方法对于环境空气恶臭硫化物的测定准确可靠，能够用于常规环境空气中恶臭硫化物的分析检测。     

变色酸比色法测定甲胺生产废水中甲醇

建立了变色酸比色测定甲胺生产废水中甲醇的方法，确定了最大吸收波长，优化了试验条件。方法在0mg／L-7．00mg／L范围内线性良好，检出限为0．07mg／L，标准溶液测定的RSD≤0．9％，废水样品的加标回收率为98．8％-101％。     

加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定环境空气中的苯并(a)芘

采用加速溶剂萃取一高效液相色谱法荧光检测器测定环境空气中的苯并（a）芘，以乙腈／水为流动相，检测器激发波长为290nm，发射波长为430nm。方法线性良好，检出限为0．08μg／L，当采样体积为1080m。时，最低检测质量浓度为3×10^-7μg／m^3（标准状态下），实际样品加标回收率为87．2％～109％。与超声波萃取法相比，两种方法回收率相近，而加速溶剂萃取法乙腈用量更少。     

环境空气及工业废气中溴的测定方法探讨

本文选择的甲基橙分光光度法是参照氯气和游离溴的测定方法，用分光光度法测定环境空气及工业废气中的溴，并对样品的采集、吸收液的选择和方法的测定方面进行了深入研究．结果表明，所得的标准曲线线性关系较好，准确度和精密度均高，具有较好的灵敏度和重现性，当采样体积为30L时，最低检出浓度为0．015mg／m^3，符合实际监测的需要．     

预浓缩系统-全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱分析环境空气中挥发性有机物

采用SummA罐采集样品，自动进样器进样，三级冷阱预浓缩样品，全二维气相色谱／飞行时间质谱法（GC×GC／TOFMS）测试分析，以较长的非极性柱Rxi-5MS（60m×320μm×1．0μm）作为第一维柱，较短的中等极性柱DB-17MS（2．0×0．1mm×0．1μm）作为第二维柱，对环境空气中的VOC成分进行了定性定量分析。通过考察方法的线性范围、精密度、加标回收率、检出限与《空气和废气监测分析方法》（四版）给出的两个方法比较，证实该方法特性不仅满足方法学要求，而且能够更加准确快速监测环境空气中VOC。     

环境空气中丙烯酸乙酯的气相色谱法测定

建立了环境空气中丙烯酸乙酯的TenaxGC吸附 -热解吸气相色谱测定方法。方法回收率为 87 3%～1 0 7 1 % ,变异系数为 5 3%～ 7 2 %。当采样体积为 2L时 ,检测限为 0 0 2mg/m3,具有采样时间短 ,不用任何溶剂等特点。     

高效液相色谱法测定水和废水中的己内酰胺

以反相高效液相色谱法测定水和废水中己内酰胺，该方法以VWD为检测器，检测波长为210nm，流动相为甲醇：纯水=35：65，流动相流速为1．0mL／min该检测条件下，己内酰胺的保留时间为4．3min，测定回收率在89．8％～98.0％之间，相对标准偏差为4．0％，最低检出浓度0．1mg／L（直接进样20uL）．     

气相色谱法分离和测定环境空气及废气中的甲苯和正丁醇

用活性炭吸附环境空气或废气中的甲苯和正丁醇，经二硫化碳解吸后用气相色谱法测定。方法的回收率：甲苯为98．8％－106．0％，正丁醇为102．0％－107．0％；变异系数：甲苯为1．0％－1．4％，正丁醇为1．2％。当采样体积为20L、解吸液体积为2．00mL、进样体积为2μL时，甲苯和正丁醇的最低检测体积质量分别为0．04和0．20mg/m^3。     

An automatic monitor of formaldehyde in air by a monitoring tape method

An automatic monitor has been developed for measuring formaldehyde in air using a sensitive tape for formaldehyde. It is based on the color change of the tape on reaction with formaldehyde. The porous cellulose tape, containing silica gel as an absorbent and impregnated with the processing solution containing hydroxylamine sulfate, Methyl Yellow (pH indicator; pH 2.9-4.0, red-yellow), glycerin and methanol, was found to be a highly sensitive means of detecting formaldehyde and maintains a stable sensitivity. When the tape was exposed to a sample of air containing formaldehyde, the color of the tape changed from yellow to red. The degree of color change was proportional to the concentration of formaldehyde at a constant sampling time and flow rate, and it could be recorded by measuring the intensity of reflected light (555 nm). The tape could be used to detect down to 0.08 ppm (World Health Organization standard) of formaldehyde with a sampling time of 30 min and a flow rate of 100 mL min-1. Reproducibility tests showed that the relative standard deviation of response (n = 10) was 3.8% for 0.1 ppm formaldehyde. The monitor is simple, specific, capable of unattended operation and is recommended for both laboratory and field operation.     

Color removal from paper mill effluent through adsorption technology

The bagasse fly ash, obtained from the local sugar industry, has been used as an inexpensive and effective adsorbent for the removal of color from pulp and paper industry. Effect of various operating variables, viz., contact time, initial concentration, adsorbent dose and particle size on the removal of color has been studied and discussed. It is found that for optimum removal of color, contact time for adsorption equilibrium equals to 60 min., at dosage of 2 g/l of baggase fly ash. The material exhibits good removal capacity (86%) and follows both the Langmuir and the Freundlich models.     

4—（H—酸偶氮）—1—苯基—3—甲基吡唑酮光度法测定铜的研究及应用

合成了新试剂４－（Ｈ－酸偶氮）１－苯基－３－甲基吡唑酮（ＨＰＭＰ）,研究了其和铜的显色反应。在ｐＨ＝７的ＮＨ４Ａｃ缓冲介质中,ＣＴＭＡＢ存在下,ＨＰＭＰ与Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）生成２∶１紫色络合物,λｍａｘ＝５８０ｎｍ,ε＝５．６８×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。铜含量在０～０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ内符合比耳定律。方法用于水样和生物样品中铜的测定,结果令人满意。     

Study on determination of iron,cobalt, nickel,copper, zinc and manganese in drinking water by solid-phase extraction and RP-HPLC with 2-(2-quinolinylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol as precolumn derivatizing reagent

A new method for the determination of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and manganese in drinking water by the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with 2-(2-quinolinylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (QADEAP) as precolumn derivatizing reagent was studied in this paper. The iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, and manganese ions react with QADEAP to form color chelates in the presence of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) and acetic acid-sodium acetic buffer solution medium of pH 4.0. These chelates were enriched by solid-phase extraction with a Waters Nova-Pak C18 cartridge and eluted the retained chelates from the cartridge with tetrahydrofuran (THF). The enrichment factor of 100 was achieved. Then the chelates were separated on a Waters Nova-Pak C18 column (3.9 x 150 mm, 5 microm) by gradient elution with methanol (containing 0.2% of acetic acid and 0.1% of CTMAB) and 0.05 mol L(-1) acetic acid-sodium acetic buffer solution (containing 0.1% of CTMAB) (pH 4.0) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 ml min(-1), and monitored with a photodiode array detector from 450 approximately 700 nm. The detection limits (S/N = 3) of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and manganese are 0.8, 1.1, 0.9, 1.1, 1.5 and 2.0 ng L(-1), respectively, in the original sample. This method can be applied to determination at the microg L(-1) level of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and manganese in drinking water with good results.     

番茄中8-羟基喹啉铜残留量的液相色谱测定

建立了番茄中8-羟基喹啉铜[Cu(HQ)2]的超声波辅助溶剂提取—反相离子对高效液相色谱法的残留分析方法,该方法使用XBridge C18色谱柱和可变波长紫外检测器,并以水相磷酸盐缓冲溶液—乙腈(体积比为60∶40)作流动相,流速为0.6 ml/min,检测波长为250 nm,保留时间为4.66 min。本方法的线性相关系数为0.998,回收率在76.3%~92.2%内,RSD≤5.5%。方法的检出限为0.06 mg/kg。     

甲胺、二甲胺及三甲胺的气相色谱测定

采用气相色谱法、大口径毛细管柱分离了甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺.用氮磷检测器(NPD)检测,得到了良好的分离效果和很高的灵敏度,检测限可达0.025mg/L.同时,对甲胺类在NPD和氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)上的灵敏度作了比较,发现甲胺类物质在NPD上的灵敏度大大高于FID,因此,前者特别适用于检测环境试样中低含量甲胺类有机物的监测.     

水杨酸法检测水质氨氮的改进方法

该氨氮检测方法是对水杨酸分光光度法的改进,通过将50 g/L的水杨酸改为150 g/L的水杨酸钠,将有效氯为3. 5 g/L的次氯酸钠溶液改为5 g/L的二氯异氰尿酸钠溶液,增加了检测试剂的稳定性和贮存时间,同时将氨氮测定上限从1 mg/L提高至2. 5 mg/L,并将显色时间从60 min优化为30 min,使得此方法更为便捷。该方法的氨氮标准曲线线性关系良好,相关系数为0. 999 6,准确性和精密度高,加标回收率良好,适用于不同类型水质中氨氮的检测。     

变色酸法测定空气中甲醇的改进

对变色酸光度法测定空气中甲醇的方法进行了改进，在比色波长，显色时间和试剂用量等方面均作了重新选定，使精密度和准确度都有所提高，与气相色谱法比较，分析结果一致。     

The determination of carbonyl compounds in air using a robotic sampling preparation system integrated to a gas chromatograph with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector

A totally automated solid phase extraction gas chromatography procedure was developed for the sampling and analysis of carbonyl compounds in air. In this system, two PrepStation modules were used, one for the preparation and elution of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine silica cartridges, and the other for air sampling. The sample collected by the sampling module was eluted to an autosampler vial in the PrepStation module and then transferred to the gas chromatograph for analysis via a robotic arm. The sampling module was modified to enable air sampling via an external pump. A typical run by this technique required 142 min, 100 min for air sampling and 42 min for the other operations, including a GC analysis time of 25 min. Recoveries of at least 85% were obtained for all compounds studied. The detection limits for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 2.2, 2.7 and 2.2 ppbv, respectively. All operations, including the conditioning of the cartridges, were performed without any intervention from the analyst.     

Development of an improved methodology to detect infectious airborne influenza virus using the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler

A unique two-stage cyclone bioaerosol sampler has been developed at NIOSH that can separate aerosols into three size fractions. The ability of this sampler to collect infectious airborne viruses from a calm-air chamber loaded with influenza A virus was tested. The sampler's efficiency at collecting aerosolized viral particles from a calm-air chamber is essentially the same as that from the high performance SKC BioSampler that collects un-fractionated particles directly into a liquid media (2.4 × 10(4) total viral particles per liter of sampled air (TVP/L) versus 2.6 × 10(4) TVP/L, respectively, after 15 min) and the efficiency is relatively constant over collection times of 15, 30 and 60 min. Approximately 34% of the aerosolized infectious virus collected after 15 min with the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler remained infectious, and infectious virus was found in all three size fractions. After 60 min of sampling, the infectious virus/liter air found in the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler was 15% of that found in the SKC BioSampler. This preservation of infectivity by the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler was maintained even when the initial infectivity prior to aerosolization was as low as 0.06%. The utility of the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler was further extended by incorporating an enhanced infectivity detection methodology developed in our laboratory, the viral replication assay, which amplified the infectious virus making it more readily detectable.