共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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陈捷音 《环境监测管理与技术》2007,19(3):49-51
介绍了亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌的培养方法,并用MPN法计数亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌.对判断培养物中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐存在的显色反应进行了对比试验.结果表明, 在NO-3的显色反应中,可用氨基磺酸铵溶液作为NO-2的抑制剂,并且要先加入二苯胺,再滴加浓硫酸,这样更便于结果观察.指出硝化细菌培养基对于显色反应没有影响,NO-2显色的质量浓度为0.15 mg/L. 相似文献
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水中亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌检测方法的探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了培养亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌的方法,并用MPN法计数亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌.对判断培养物中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐存在的显色反应进行了初步探讨,确定了适合的显色方法. 相似文献
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黄苏 《甘肃环境研究与监测》2000,13(2):93-95
探讨利用提高基质-氨氮浓度的方式富集硝化细菌的可行性,结果表明,温度为30℃,pH为6.5~8.0,溶解氧(DO)的质量浓度高于2mg/L时,经过12~13周的富集培养,污泥中硝化细菌浓度是未经富集污泥中硝化细菌浓度的12.5~20.0倍。 相似文献
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张迪生 《环境监测管理与技术》2014,26(2):60-62
采用定电位电解法测定固定污染源废气中SO2,根据CO标准气体干扰SO2 测定的规律建立数学模型,并在实验室用CO标气对数学模型进行验证.用该数学模型对5家企业固定污染源废气中SO2 监测,将测定结果与碘量法的测定结果比对,绝对误差与相对误差在允许范围内. 相似文献
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碘量法测定烟道气二氧化硫的研究与改进 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用碘量法测定烟道气中的二氧化硫,由于二氧化硫在吸收液中不稳定,样品很快衰减,测定误差较大.即使采样后在现场滴定分析,测定结果也受到影响.此外,经过加热采样管进入采样瓶的烟气温度较高,在采样过程中,吸收液温度升高,对吸收效率也有影响.为此,我们对该方法进行了改进,提高测定的准确度和精密度,使之能更好地推广应用. 相似文献
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采用微波消解处理鱼肉样品,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定样品中砷和汞。通过试验优化微波消解参数、酸体系及赶酸温度,用在线加入内标方法消除基体干扰及仪器漂移对测定的影响。方法在0μg/L~40. 0μg/L范围内线性良好,砷和汞的方法检出限分别为0. 002 mg/kg和0. 001 mg/kg,实际样品6次测定结果的RSD为5. 4%~15. 6%,加标回收率为90. 0%~110%。将该方法用于测定芹菜和扇贝标准物质,测定值在标准值不确定度范围内。 相似文献
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采用完全好氧式膜生物反应器富集耐低温硝化污泥,通过低温冲击强化试验研究硝化污泥的耐低温特性。结果表明,低温对硝化污泥中微生物的群落多样性影响较大,温度越低,微生物多样性越低。低温强化组投加了耐低温高硝化菌含量硝化污泥,使得硝化菌在反应器内生长趋势良好,对低温冲击的恢复更有效果,且低温硝化污泥比中温硝化污泥具有更好的氨氮及亚硝氮去除效果。 相似文献
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Activity monitoring for nitrifying bacteria by fluorescence in situ hybridization and respirometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The activities of two families of nitrifying bacteria weremeasured by applied respirometer and fluorescence insitu hybridization (FISH) for the purpose of monitoring nitrogenremoval. Oxygen uptake rates (OUR) for Nitrosomonas andNitrobacter were separately measured with the dosing ofselective inhibitors during respirometric monitoring. The FISHmethod was applied to analyze microorganism communities. In 5mg NH4
+-N/L solution, the total nitrogen oxygendemand (NOD) was found to be 6,672 mg DO/L-day with ammoniaand nitrite oxidation rate of 4,512 and 2,160 mg DO/L-day,respectively. The oxygen consumption by endogenous oxidationwas 288 mg DO/L-day and the biological oxygen demand 936 mgDO/L-day. Respirometric measurements were well matched by theFISH result, which described the presence and quantity of eachnitrifying bacteria as nitrification proceeded. It was foundthat when coupled with OUR data, FISH could provide valuableinformation about the nitrogen removal process in manypractical wastewater treatment systems. 相似文献
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A pot culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different treatments of distillery wastewater, i.e. raw, treated, diluted and raw distillery wastewater mixed with domestic waste stabilization pond effluent (1:1) on populations of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and nitrogen fixing bacteria. The results indicated that raw wastewater decreased the population of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. The growth rates of Rhizobium and Azotobacter were also reduced after raw wastewater application. The toxic effect of raw wastewater was minimized when it was mixed with stabilization pond effluent (1:1), this was demonstrated by an increase in the populations of all the microorganisms studied. When a groundnut plant was irrigated with raw distillery wastewater, no fruits were produced and there was also less nodulation. This study indicates that raw distillery wastewater is very toxic to the soil microorganisms which are important in the soil ecosystem. 相似文献
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D. E. Line 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(8):6277-6289
In this study, baseflow and storm discharges were monitored in seven watersheds of varying development density to document the effects of development on stream water quality. In addition, two of the watersheds contained package wastewater treatment facilities, which were evaluated as an alternative to residential on-site septic systems. Monthly grab samples of baseflow and flow-proportional samples of storm event discharge were collected and analyzed for nitrogen, phosphorus, sediment, and bacteria. For the five watersheds without wastewater treatment facilities, a significant linear relationship was documented between fecal coliform and enterococci levels in baseflow samples and the percentage of residential or impervious area. For the two watersheds with wastewater discharge, bacteria levels were significantly greater than those from the two relatively undeveloped watersheds. These results indicate that bacteria levels increased with increasing residential development even if many of the septic systems were replaced by a community wastewater treatment system. Computed annual export rates for ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) were correlated to the percentage of impervious surfaces in the watersheds, while the rates for other nitrogen forms, total phosphorus, and total suspended sediment were not. Annual export rates from the two mostly undeveloped watersheds were greater than a compilation of rates for undeveloped areas across the USA. Export from the four watersheds with more than 68 % residential land use was less than those reported from local and national studies of residential areas. 相似文献
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Kim M Youn SM Shin SH Jang JG Han SH Hyun MS Gadd GM Kim HJ 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2003,5(4):640-643
A biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) monitoring system, based on electrochemically-active bacteria in combination with a microbial fuel cell, has been developed for the purpose of on-site, on-line and real-time monitoring of practical wastewater. A microbial fuel cell that had been enriched with electrochemically-active bacteria was used as the basis of the measurement system. When synthetic wastewater was fed to the system, the current generation pattern and its Coulombic yield were found to be dependent on the BOD5 of the synthetic wastewater. A linear correlation between the Coulombic yields and the BOD5 of the synthetic wastewater were established. Real wastewater obtained from a sewage treatment plant also produced a highly linear correlation between the Coulombic yield and BOD5 in the system. To examine on-site, on-line and real-time monitoring capability, the BOD monitoring system was installed at a sewage treatment plant. Over 60 days, the measurement system was successfully operated with high accuracy and good stability with the measuring period for a sample being 45 min. This application showed that the application of the measurement system was a rapid and practical way for the determination of BOD5 in water industries. 相似文献
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The requirements for treated wastewater are becoming increasingly more stringent, and therefore the improved efficiency of biological treatment processes is indispensable at industrial effluent treatment plants (ETPs). Microorganisms such as bacteria play an important role in the natural cycling of materials and particularly in the decomposition of organic wastes. The knowledge of the interactions among these microbial populations needs to be harnessed for optimum evaluation and functioning of effluent treatment plants. Modern molecular techniques have revolutionized the methods of assessing these microbial populations. The combination of the results of these microbial assessments along with the on-site parameters at ETPs would favor an efficient treatment. In this review, the various approaches and importance of correlating the microbial population dynamics and treatment of wastewater at industrial ETPs has been elaborated. 相似文献
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Agriculture in Tunisia faces acute problems of water quality and quantity caused by limited conventional water resources. One possibility to cope with low water resources is to purify wastewater for reuse. Among different methods for the disinfection of wastewater, the inactivation of fecal coliforms using a combination of a photosensitiser (Rose Bengal, Methylene Blue, cationic porphyrin) with sunlight was determined on a small scale. In parallel the sensitizer photobleaching was also followed under the same conditions. The results described in this paper show that the meso-substituted cationic porphyrin is more efficient and more photostable than Methylene Blue and Rose Bengal in wastewater. A lower cationic porphyrin concentration, 1 microM, resulted in very little cell death. Higher concentrations, 5 microM or 10 microM, produced more cell death. Nevertheless there was a small difference between concentrations 5 and 10 microM. By increasing the duration of irradiation we can improve the log reduction in bacteria and compensate for a low concentration of sensitizer or for a less efficient type of sensitizer. The same log reduction in fecal bacteria was obtained with 5 and 10 microM of cationic porphyrin during the fourth hour of treatment. 相似文献
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We researched the behavior of pathogenic microbes in a treated wastewater reuse system to acquire knowledge for establishing
new standards for the reuse of treated wastewater. Based on the results that showed occasional growth of total coliforms but
barely any growth of Escherichia coli in the supply tank, we found that the total coliform, which includes bacteria that also breed in the soil, etc., is not necessarily
suitable as the index bacteria for indicating pollution by excrement. We also clarified that it is possible to decrease the
heterotrophic plate count to a specified level in cases where combined residual chlorine is more than 0.3 mg/l, and that the
standard value for residual chlorine should be set at 0.3 mg/l or more. At the same time, we found that applying sand filtration
treatment to water used for toilet flushing, sprinkling and landscaping, and sand filtration treatment plus coagulation treatment
to water for recreational use lowers the annual risk of infection by Cryptosporidium to less than 10−4. The standard for viruses must be examined in the future because Noroviruses were sometimes detected even in the reclaimed
water, although we could not establish the standard at this time due to problems with the virus detection method. 相似文献