流动注射在线离子交换预富集—火焰原子吸收法测定环境水样中痕量镍

研究了流动注射在线离子交换预富集与火焰原子吸收光谱法的联用技术，采用了双柱交替正向富集和反向洗脱的在线离子交换流路系统。在采样频率为３０次／ｈ下，灵敏度比普通火焰原子吸收法提高１２倍，应用于环境水样中痕量镍的监测，获得了满意结果。     

气态原子化装置——原子吸收法测定环境水样中的汞

环境水样中,地表水含汞极少,通常在0.1μg/L左右,污染源废水随工厂企业的种类不同其含量高低不等.对于环境水样中的汞,目前测定方法较为普及的主要是冷原子吸收法和冷原子荧光法两种.由于上述两种方法仪器自身的性能,使测定结果往往不能满足环境分析的要求.本文采用气态原子化装置—原子吸收法测定环境水样中汞,具有操作简便,灵敏度高,分析速度快,重现性好等优点.以直接进样测定峰高信号最低检出     

影响火焰原子吸收光度法测定镍的因素

镍是环境监测的重要项目之一，测定废水中的镍通常采用的方法是火焰原子吸收光度法，钠离子和镍的发射对测定镍有很大的影响．文中针对这2个主要因素对镍的测定以及如何消除干扰进行了探讨。     

石墨炉原子吸收法用Pd基体改进剂测地表水中的Pb

石墨炉原子吸收法用Ｐｄ基体改进剂测地表水中的Ｐｂ李惠兰，牛星梅（南京市环境监测中心站２１００１３）１前言石墨炉原子吸收光谱法是测定环境样品中的痕量元素最有效的方法之一，它比火焰原子吸收的绝对灵敏度高三个数量级，方法简便，通常情况下液体样品可不用予处理...     

土壤中镍的最优化原子吸收测定条件设计

原子吸收法测定土壤样品中镍元素时，应用单纯形优化法设计仪器工作条件。并通过动态调优计算，获得了仪器最优化工作条件参数，简化了条件试验。     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定生活垃圾堆肥中镍

通过试验研究,建立了硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解、火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定生活垃圾堆肥产品中的镍。该方法的检出限为5mg/kg(按称取0.5g试样消解定容至50ml计算),用于不同地域堆肥样品中镍的测定,其相对标准偏差(RSD)均在6.51%以下,加标回收率介于91.2%~102%之间,可作为一种较理想的检验堆肥产品质量的方法。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定底泥中铜铅镍锌镉铬的10种消解方法的比较

湖泊底泥中重金属含量的多寡对水产养殖业的影响以及其底泥能否作为农田肥料都至关重要。目前有关底泥中重金属的测定,原子吸收光谱法是较理想的一种方法。由于对底泥样品所用的前处理方法不同,有时会使测定结果有明显的差异。为此,今对常用的10种消解法[1-6]进行全面、系统的试验比较,供参考。1　试验1 1　主要仪器与试剂AA6800火焰原子吸收光谱仪,岛津;铜、铅、镍、锌、镉、铬单元素空心阴极灯,上海电光器件公司;混合金属标准溶液:铜、铅、镍各为25 0mg/L,锌、铬各为10 0mg/L,镉2 50mg/L;所用试剂除过氧化氢为分析纯外,其余均为优级…     

火焰原子吸收法测定锶

原子吸收分析方法作为元素分析的一种行之有效的手段,已广泛地应用于科研,生产和检测等各个方面.而且,火焰原子吸收法具有选择性好、测定精度高、应用范围广和快速简单等优点.同时由于仪器价格低廉,而成为一般实验室的常规分析仪器.锶的分析方法近年来有比色法,该法需严格控制pH,需有机试剂萃取,操作方法繁琐,特别存有稀土元素时干扰严重;石墨炉     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定苏州开发区26种蔬菜中铜锌铁锰镍

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了苏州开发区26种蔬菜中的铜、锌、铁、锰和镍的含量。蔬菜样品用硝酸高氯酸混合酸进行消解。4次测定值的相对标准差<5%,加标回收率在92%～107%之间。26种蔬菜中铜、锌、铁、锰、镍的含量基本均在世贸组织规定的范围内。     

也谈标准加入法在原子吸收光度法中的应用

关于标准加入法在原子吸收光谱分析中的基本应用已有介绍。原子吸收光谱分析中的标准加入法并非一成不变,而是常有演变和翻新,现进一步将此部分内容进行分类概述。     

环境水样中硫化物的分析方法研究进展

硫化物是水质检测的一个重要参数,因其对水生生物和人体具有很高的毒性而备受关注.综述了近5 a来环境水样中硫化物的分析方法研究进展,包括光谱法(分光光度法、荧光法、电致化学发光法、电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱、原子吸收法、流动注射法),色谱法,以及电化学法(阴极溶出伏安法、阳极溶出伏安法、电催化氧化法、生物传感器法),...     

The use of rapidly synergistic cloud point extraction for the separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of Ni (II) ions from food and water samples coupling with flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination

A novel improved preconcentration method known as rapidly synergistic cloud point extraction (RS-CPE) was established for nickel preconcentration and determination prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. In this work, the traditional CPE pattern was changed and greatly simplified in order to be applicable in metal extraction and detection. This method was accomplished in room temperature in 1 min. Non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 was used as extractant. Octanol worked as cloud point revulsant and synergic reagent. The various parameters affecting the extraction and preconcentration of nickel such as sample pH, 2,2′-Furildioxime concentration, amounts of octanol, amounts of Triton X-114, type of diluting solvent, extraction time, and ionic strength were investigated and optimized. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curve showed an excellent linearity in the concentration range of 2–200 μg L^?1, and the limit of detection was 0.6 μg L^?1 for nickel. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of nickel in food and water samples. The results showed that, the proposed method can be used as a cheap, rapid, and efficient method for the extraction and preconcentration of nickel from real samples.     

Liquid chromatography-hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of tin in seafoods

Liquid chromatography with hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry as the detection system was applied to the separation and determination of inorganic tin, tributyltin, dibutyltin, monobutyltin, diphenyltin and monophenyltin. A reversed phase C18 column and a methanol/water/acetic acid (70:27:3, v/v/v) mixture containing 0.05%(v/v) triethylamine and 0.1%(w/v) tropolone as the mobile phase (isocratic elution) were used. Extraction of organotins from the samples was carried out using methanol containing 0.05%(w/v) tropolone, a process that was repeated twice. The supernatants were shaken with water and dichloromethane in a separating funnel and the organic phase was collected and evaporated to dryness. When the method was applied to the speciation of tin in fresh and canned mussels, no organotins above the detection limits were identified in any of the samples, inorganic tin being the only species detected. The reliability of the procedure was checked by analyzing the total tin content of the samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and by speciation of tin in a certified reference material, mussel tissue (CRM 477). The method can be used for environmental monitoring of organotins contaminated samples.     

微波消解—原子吸收/原子荧光光度法测定活性污泥中的Cd、Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cr、K、As、Hg

通过实验,建立了活性污泥中金属和重金属的测定方法。活性污泥样品经硝酸—氢氟酸或硝酸—高氯酸微波消解处理后,Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cr、K选用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定,Cd用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定,As、Hg用原子荧光光度法测定。该方法操作简单,结果准确,重现性好。样品加标回收率为93%-108%,相对标准偏差〈5%。     

悬浮液进样石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定土壤、底泥中的铅、镓、钴、镍

介绍一种悬浮液进样直接测定土壤、底泥中多种微量金属元素的快速分析方法。基体改进剂的使用，适宜的原子化温度的选择，使用水相标准溶液作校准曲线成为可能．对标准作品的测定证明了此方法的精密度和准确度较好，适合于常规环境样品分析．     

Cigarette smoking and nickel exposure

The tobacco plant contains nickel and several other toxic metals, most probably absorbed from the soil, fertilizing products or from pesticides. It has been stated that nickel in a burning cigarette might form the volatile, gaseous compound, nickel tetracarbonyl, and thereby be introduced into the respiratory tract. Accordingly, the main objective of the present study was to find out if nickel content in inhaled smoke from ordinary cigarettes and nickel-contaminated cigarettes handmade by nickel process workers might be a supplementary source of nickel exposure to cigarette smoking process workers leading to additional risk of occupational respiratory cancer in these workers. Blood and urine samples from 318 randomly selected employees from Falconbridge Nickel Refinery in Kristiansand, Norway, allocated to 197 smokers and 121 non-smokers, were analysed for nickel content. Nickel quantities in tobacco from various cigarette brands, from nickel-contaminated cigarettes made by process workers or from cigarettes added known amounts of various nickel salts were analysed before being smoked. The cigarettes were smoked in a smoking machine device applying an electrostatic filter. Blood and urine, tobacco, ash and precipitates in the filter from the main stream smoke of the cigarettes were analysed for nickel quantities by atomic absorption spectrometry methods as previously described by the authors. The nickel concentrations in blood plasma and urine were quite similar among smokers and non-smokers, 6.2 and 48.1 microg L(-1) in smokers, and 6.4 and 50.5 microg L(-1) in non-smokers respectively. We recovered 1.1% or even less of nickel in the mainstream smoke after smoking the entire cigarettes without leaving any butt. Most of the tobacco nickel was recovered in the ash. We conclude that the inhaled nickel in the working atmosphere is probably the main source of the nickel exposure to the respiratory tract in these workers. It remains to be determined why cigarette smoking still seems to be a decisive cofactor in the development of respiratory tract cancer in nickel workers.     

便携式分光光度计快速测定水中镍

对3种便携式分光光度计快速测定水中镍的方法进行了优化和比对研究。通过研究各仪器性能指标以及测定实际水质样品,对不同便携式分光光度计的优势进行了比较,为突发性环境污染事故应急监测选择合适的监测仪器提供了技术参考。结果表明:JH916检测仪快速测定水中镍的方法检出限(0.01 mg/L)低于ZZW-II测试仪和PORS-15 V光谱仪方法检出限(均为0.2 mg/L),在突发性环境污染事故应急监测中具有相对较高的灵敏度。ZZW-II测试仪和JH916检测仪快速测定水中镍的方法精密度大体相当,测定结果相对标准偏差均未超过6.5%(n=6),PORS-15V光谱仪快速测定水中镍的方法精密度稍差,最大相对标准偏差达到13.5%。3种便携式分光光度计测定实际样品时,加标回收率分别为79%~96%(ZZW-II测试仪)、83%~113%(PORS-15V光谱仪)、90%~114%(JH916检测仪),表明3种便携式分光光度计均有较好的准确度。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水中微量钡

通过一系列条件试验，研究了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水中微量钡的石墨管类型、最佳加热程序和最佳基体改进剂等。本方法降低了背景吸收干扰，提高了灵敏度，改善了精密度，与其他方法比较，具有操作简便、快速、自动化程度高的特点，可用于水中微量钡的检测。     

Heavy metal contents of refined and unrefined table salts from Turkey, Egypt and Greece

Trace metal contents of 28 of refined and unrefined table salt samples from Turkey, Egypt and Greece have been determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after coprecipitation by dysprosium(III) hydroxide. Copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese, lead and cadmium levels were found in the range of 0.17-0.47, 0.16-1.57, 0.22-0.48, 0.26-4.68, 0.50-1.64 and 0.14-0.30 microg g(-1), respectively. The results found in the presented work were compared with literature values.