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1.
利用沸石和糠醛渣改性制得硝酸盐吸附剂,研究吸附剂的饱和吸附能力和各种影响因子(温度、pH值、吸附时间、吸附质浓度、吸附剂用量和干扰离子)对硝酸盐吸附性能的影响。结果表明,改性沸石和糠醛渣的硝酸盐吸附能力大大增强;影响因子对吸附剂吸附硝酸盐能力的影响很大,其中升温有利于解吸、在中性pH值附近脱除率较高、干扰离子可降低吸附剂的硝酸盐脱除率;影响因子对改性糠醛渣MF的吸附影响要比对改性沸石的影响大。因此,改性沸石在实际应用中比改性糠醛渣MF的硝酸盐吸附能力强,具有更好的应用前景。  相似文献   

2.
周红军  周广林  孔海燕  王萍 《化工环保》2004,24(Z1):359-361
通过对数种吸附剂的筛选,选出了活性炭作为吸附H2中MEK、SBA的吸附剂.考察了不同制备工艺和工艺条件对吸附剂性能的影响,在此基础上,成功地研制出了QMS-01 吸附剂.该吸附剂再生性能好,并在齐翔公司甲乙酮工业装置上投入使用,取得了良好的经济效益.  相似文献   

3.
用静态法和动态法研究了球形纤维素吸附剂对水中 Cr3+的吸附和解吸 ,包括静态等温吸附以及各种因素对吸附的影响等 ,并探讨了吸附机理。 Cr3+的吸附容量为 2 8mg/ g,采用浓度为 1.2 mol/ L 的 HCl溶液作解吸液回收 Cr3+的综合效果较好。静态法和动态法的吸附率均达 90 %左右 ,解吸率均达 85 %以上 ,且静态法的吸附率和解吸率分别略高于动态法的吸附率和解吸率 ,但动态法耗时短 ,更符合工业化要求。  相似文献   

4.
凹凸棒土吸附剂的制备和脱色性能研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
刘士星  蒋世秀 《化工环保》1996,16(6):377-380
用以凹凸棒土为主料,配以其呛助剂所制备的凹凸棒土吸附剂,对癸二酸单钠盐 进行了吸附脱色和再生性能的试验,结果表明:该吸附剂具有明显的吸附脱色效果,且其制原料价廉易得,制备工艺简单,成本低,再生容易,是一种较好的脱色吸附型净化剂。  相似文献   

5.
球形纤维素吸附剂对Ct^3+吸附和解吸的研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
用静态法和动态法研究了球形纤维素吸附剂对水中Cr^3 的吸附和解吸,包括静态等温吸附以及各种因素对吸附的影响等,并探讨了吸附机理。Cr^3 的吸附容量为28mg/g,采用浓度为1.2mol/L的HCl溶液作解吸液回收Cr^3 的综合效果较好。静态法和动态法和吸附率均达90%左右,解吸率均达85%以上,且静态法的吸附率和解吸率分别略高于动态法的吸附率和解吸率,但动态法耗时短,更符合工业化要求。  相似文献   

6.
吸附回收法处理甲硫醚废气   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
平树水 《化工环保》2003,23(1):22-24
采用吸附回收法处理高浓度小排放量的甲硫醚废气,以活性炭不吸附剂,废气中甲硫醚的质量浓度可从处理前的151g/m^3降至0.06g/m^3,甲硫醚的去除率大于99%,处理后的废气可达标排放,将吸附饱和后的活性炭用水蒸气解吸再生,解吸得到的甲硫醚回用于生产。  相似文献   

7.
采用阴离子交换树脂吸附分离水中的邻二甲苯-4-磺酸。实验结果表明:201×7型阴离子交换树脂(简称树脂)对邻二甲苯-4-磺酸有很强的吸附能力,即使在4 mol/L NH_4Cl存在的情况下,树脂对邻二甲苯-4-磺酸的静态吸附率仍超过90%;适宜的动态吸附—解吸条件为吸附液流速为0.50 L/h、吸附液体积2 L,用含60%(质量分数)乙醇和1 mol/L盐酸的解吸剂解吸、解吸剂流速1.0 L/h、解吸剂体积1.5 L;该方法可有效回收水中的邻二甲苯-4-磺酸。  相似文献   

8.
以色列 Solmecs公司开发出一种从气流 (电厂烟道气 )中去除 CO2 的新方法。该法被称作化学 -温度 -交替吸附 ( CTSA)法 ,使用一种由该公司开发出的具有专利权的固体吸附剂。这种高孔隙度吸附剂在 4 5~ 65℃利用化学吸附将 CO2 从气流中吸附去除 ;吸附的 CO2 在 1 0 0~ 1 2 5℃被解吸 ,同时使吸附剂的活性再生。据估计 ,该法的投资为 60 0美元 /( t CO2 ·h- 1 ) ,而传统的胺吸附法的投资为 90 0美元。新法的运转费用为 2 0美元 /t CO2 ,而胺法为 35~ 4 0美元。新法费用低的原因是因为其设备简单 ,能耗低及运转稳定。该法已完成实验…  相似文献   

9.
染料生物吸附影响因素与解吸条件研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
用筛选出的一株丝状真菌(GX2)对活性、酸性、碱性和直接染料进行吸附及解吸的试验结果表明,该菌株对活性、酸性和直接染料有较高的吸附率,但碱性染料难被吸附;在多种有机溶剂中,丙酮是较好的解吸剂,碱性介质有利于染料的解吸;对菌体进行破碎及在解吸过程中加以搅拌有利于解吸过程的进行。  相似文献   

10.
曹煊  金春姬  彭刚  刘兴超 《化工环保》2006,26(4):259-262
研究了氨氮质量浓度、体系温度、时间、酸化碱渣溶液的pH等对酸化碱渣吸附氨氮性能的影响,比较了作为解吸剂的蒸馏水和NaCl溶液对氨氮的解吸效果。在选定的实验条件下,酸化碱渣对氨氮的最大吸附量可达13.9mg/g。氨氮吸附量随其质量浓度的增加而增大、随体系温度的升高而降低,酸化碱渣溶液的pH对吸附性能的影响可以忽略。酸化碱渣表面吸附作用力主要为偶极间力和氢键力,吸附过程可用一级动力学方程模拟。NaCl溶液对氨氮的解吸效果好于蒸馏水,最大解吸率为25.7%。  相似文献   

11.
The intention of this work is to offer, within the shortest time, an appropriate sorption separation process for almost any odour problem. The development is based on the preparation and characterisation of new adsorbents, the strategy for the selection of the best adsorbent, the process engineering and the choice of a suitable regeneration procedure. In this context a new method for the characterisation of the adsorbents - the adsorption profile analysis - was developed. The classification of the adsorbents was carried out by means of a cluster analysis, which simplifies the selection of the most suitable adsorbent for a particular problem. The physical and chemical behaviour of silica-adsorbents could be tailored by silanisation of the surfaces. Methods for the determination of process engineering parameters were developed, established and used. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were determined with a magnetic adsorption balance. In a laboratory-scale fixed bed adsorber, breakthrough curves of different support materials were investigated and compared. For the investigations of different regeneration procedures, four innovative methods were employed: microwave desorption, ultrasonic desorption, ultrasonic-water desorption and extraction with water. Of the four desorption methods examined, microwave desorption and ultrasonic-water desorption demonstrated the best results.  相似文献   

12.
In the present work ability of the two novel adsorbents, sulphonyl and carboxyl functionalized stearyl alcohol-grafted epichlorohydrin, SA-g-E-SO3H, SA-g-E-COOH; to remove lysozyme (LYZ) from aqueous solution was assessed. The adsorbent characterization was done using FTIR, XRD, SEM and TGA analyses. The adsorption efficiency was influenced by solution pH and the optimum operating pH was found to be 4.0 for SA-g-E-SO3H and 5.0 for SA-g-E-COOH and their adsorption efficiency was evaluated using the various isotherm and kinetics models. The Sips isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were found to be the best for describing the equilibrium and kinetic behaviors of the adsorption process. Batch adsorption/desorption studies in acidic medium, for over six cycles showed excellent regeneration capability of the adsorbents and could lead to the development of viable and promising technology for the adsorptive recovery of LYZ from aqueous solutions. The efficiency of the adsorbents for the LYZ adsorption was verified using egg white. The result obtained from this study revealed that adsorption ability of 25 mg of SA-g-E-COOH is 98.4 % which is more than that of SA-g-E-SO3H (96.2 %). The efficiency of SA-g-E-SO3H to remove LYZ from aqueous solution was found to be higher compared to SA-g-E-COOH.  相似文献   

13.
Increased energy consumption due to industrial growth has increased the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission being released into the atmosphere. CO2 emission is a type of greenhouse gas which is a major cause of global warming. Since the issue of CO2 emissions has drawn much attention in recent years, the development of CO2 capture technology has become a necessity. Although CO2 adsorbents are still at the early development stage, it has been suggested that CO2 adsorbents are the most effective technology in controlling CO2 emissions. Solid adsorbents have great potential as an alternative method to conventional adsorbents in adsorbing CO2. In this paper, low cost adsorbents including activated carbon, zeolites, mesoporous silica and clays are discussed in terms of adsorbent preparation methods and CO2 adsorption capacity. The low cost adsorbents are mainly derived from waste materials such as fly ash, steel slag, red mud, bagasses wastes and wood wastes. Besides that, natural resources such as clays have also been applied as low cost CO2 adsorbents. Surface modifications have also been applied to the low cost adsorbents, including metal ion exchange and amine impregnation to enhance CO2 adsorption capacity. In the last section, the current status of CO2 adsorbents is summarized and future trends are discussed briefly to predict the potential materials which can be applied as CO2 adsorbents.  相似文献   

14.
Due to the increase in energy cost by constantly high oil prices and the obligation to reduce greenhouse effect gases, landfill gas is frequently used as an alternative energy source for producing heat and electricity. Most of landfill gas utility facilities, however, are experiencing problems controlling siloxanes from landfill gas as their catalytic oxidizers are becoming fouled by silicon dioxide dust. To evaluate adsorption characteristics of siloxanes, an adsorption equilibrium test was conducted and parameters in the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were analyzed. Coconut activated carbon (CA1), coal activated carbon (CA2), impregnated activated carbon (CA3), silicagel (NCA1), and activated alumina (NCA2) were used for the adsorption of the mixed siloxane which contained hexamethyldisiloxane (L2), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). L2 had higher removal efficiency in noncarbon adsorbents compared to carbon adsorbents. The application of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm demonstrated that coconut based CA1 and CA3 provided higher adsorption capacity on L2. And CA2 and NCA1 provided higher adsorption capacity on D4 and D5. Based on the experimental results, L2, D4, and D5 were converted by adsorption and desorption in noncarbon adsorbents. Adsorption affinity of siloxane is considered to be affect by the pore size distribution of the adsorbents and by the molecular size of each siloxane.  相似文献   

15.
Pesticides are considered predominant organic pollutants because they are widespread in many ecosystems. Pesticide residues can degrade chemically, physically, and biochemically in nature, but, because of their high stability and, in some cases, water solubility, they continue to persist in the environment. Pesticides have been eliminated from contaminated waters using a variety of methods that fall under the categories of biological, chemical, physical, and physicochemical remediation processes from various types of matrices, including water and soil. Due to their excellent qualities as adsorbents and pesticide transporters, the use of natural soil components such as clays, iron oxides, or humic acid has recently attracted growing interest. Clays have several advantages over other adsorbents, including large specific surface areas due to their small particle size, low cost, and widespread availability. Clay minerals have a great capacity for adsorption due to Coulombic forces and, attributable to their large surface area, van der Waals forces. This review describes historical, current, and emerging techniques and materials to remove the pesticides diuron, carbaryl, and alachlor using clays as adsorbents.  相似文献   

16.
This paper presents the experimental research process and results about flue gas purifying of municipal solid wastes (MSW) incineration using in-pipe jet adsorption techniques. MSW incineration was carried out in a fluidized bed test rig, and the flue gas purifying was carried out in an in-pipe jet adsorption test rig. The experimental results are as follows: when the feedstock of activated carbon is 1.6g/Nm(3), the desulfurization efficiency is 83%, the denitrification efficiency is 41%, and the dechlorination efficiency is 27%. The order of purifying effect of the three kinds of adsorbents on acidic gases from MSW incineration is activated carbon>activated bauxite>kaolin. Comparison of adsorption capabilities of the three kinds of adsorbents to heavy metals shows that activated carbon is the best additive to remove Cd, Pb and Cu, kaolin is inferior, and activated bauxite is the worst one. However, activated bauxite is the best additive to remove Hg, and it can remove Cd effectively. PAHs in fly ash are dominated by three-, four-, and five-ringed PAHs, and PAHs in the flue gas mainly include three- and four-ringed PAHs. When the injected quantity of additive is constant, the order of cleaning effect on PAHs is kaolin>activated carbon>activated bauxite. These three kinds of adsorbents have different purifying effects on acidic gases, heavy metals and PAHs in the flue gas from MSW incineration. In general, activated carbon has a better adsorption capability.  相似文献   

17.

Graft copolymerization is a distinctive approach to modify the inherently cheap natural fibers (NFs) using different initiators to incorporate synthetic polymer side chains allowing development of novel types of hybrid materials. This method has been widely applied to develop a variety of NFs based adsorbents for decontamination of toxic pollutants from the aqueous environment. However, the development of high-performance adsorbents from NFs is steady challenged by the need to preserve the sustainability during graft modifications and applications. This article critically reviews the progress on modifications of NFs by graft copolymerization of polar monomers on NFs using various initiating methods and their applications in wastewater treatment. Particularly, the applications of the grafted NFs in removal of heavy metal ions, synthetic dyes, oil spills and extraction of precious metals from wastewater are elaborated. The critical challenges to the viability and sustainability of NFs-based adsorbents with respect to functionalization by graft copolymerization and environmental impacts are discussed and the future research directions are also outlined.

  相似文献   

18.
综述了近年来氯碱企业盐泥综合利用的最新研究现状和进展。盐泥的综合利用途径主要包括制备轻质氧化镁、硫酸钙晶须;研制添加剂、吸附剂用于空气和水处理;制备建筑材料,如水泥、保温砖、建筑涂料;制作碱性化肥等。目前,许多技术尚不成熟,仍处于试验阶段。指出了我国盐泥资源化综合利用存在的问题及解决途径。  相似文献   

19.
超临界二氧化碳萃取再生吸苯活性炭的研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
以工业废水中的典型污染物苯作为单一吸附质,进行了超临界二氧化碳萃取再生活性炭研究,探讨了操作温度、操作压力、CO2流速、活性炭粒度、循环再生次数等因素对再生效率及再生速率的影响。试验结果表明,超临界CO2对活性炭中的苯具有良好的再生效果。  相似文献   

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