火电厂高架污染源的数学预测模型

火电厂运行期间产生的大气污染物主要有ＳＯ２、ＴＳＰ和ＮＯｘ，其排放特点是排污量大，且多为高架浮力烟流，为了研究这些污染物在空间的散布规律，为火电规划和污染控制对策提供科学依据，必须建立相应的数学模型，本文在第二代空气质量模式ＨＰＤＭ的基础上，通过模式对比和工程验算，指出了ＨＰＤＭ所存在问题，并加以合理的修正，大量计算实例表明，改进后的模式性能良好，能够比较客观地预测火电厂高架源污染造成的地面浓度分     

聚酯化纤废水中特征污染物含量与COD的相关性研究

研究了聚酯化纤废水中有机污染物乙醛、乙酸、乙二醇含量与ＣＯＤ之间的相关性，确定了ＣＯＤ与上述特征污染物含量的比值，并测定了它们的氧化率，为企业的生产工艺管理和 保管理提供了基础数据。     

化肥厂外排废水污染现状评价

作者对邯郸钢铁厂化肥厂外排废水中污染物进行了评价,指出了该厂外排废水中主要污染物是 SS、COD、pH 和 CN~-,为使其达标排放提出一些建议。     

消除DPD法测定不中臭氧浓度干扰因素的研究

研究了Ｈ２Ｏ２和其它氧化剂对ＤＰＤ法测定水中臭氧浓度的干扰作用，结果表明，随着Ｋ１浓度或显色时间的增加，Ｈ２Ｏ２和其它氧化剂的干扰作用增加，当ＫＩ浓度为０．５ｇ／Ｌ时，可以基本消除这些干扰作用，且当臭氧浓度低于０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ时，不影响臭氧对ＤＰＤ的显色作用。     

炼油废水生物脱氮中间试验

对炼油废水中氮氮的生物降解用两种工艺进行了中间试验。试验结果表明,正常工艺条件下,Ｏ／Ｏ工艺处理后出水中ＮＨ３－Ｎ〈２５ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＣＯＤ〈４０ｍｇ／Ｌ,油〈５ｍｇ／Ｌ;Ａ／Ｏ工艺处理后出水中ＮＨ３－Ｎ〈２０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＣＯＤ〈５０ｍｇ／Ｌ,油〈５ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＮＯ＾３－Ｎ〈１０ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

自来水厂常规净水工艺除有机污染物效果的监测

采用ＧＣ－ＭＳ／ＣＯＭＰ技术对宁波梅林水厂姚江水源水及各净水工序出水中的有机污染物进行了监测,结果表明,姚江水中主要有机污染物为苯系物、多环芳烃、染料及中间体等,水厂现有的常规净水工艺对上述有机污染物的去除率较低。     

漂染废水治理的高效新工艺

漂染厂在生产过程中由于添加了染料、双氧水、纯碱、卤化物等化工原料 ,使排放的废水不仅色度非常高 ,ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤ、ＳＳ等污染物指标也远远超过排放标准 ,对环境造成严重污染。同时 ,漂染废水的水质变化无常 ,水温高 ,ＢＯＤ/ＣＯＤ值小 ,可生化性差。处理这类废水 ,国内外普遍采用生化法 ,脱色率不高 (约5 0 % ) ,而用一般的物化法 (如沉淀法和气浮法 ) ,抗冲击力差 ,使处理效果不稳定。新型高效污水净化设备———ＥＷＰ高效污水净化装置的诞生 ,给洗漂行业废水的治理带来了一种新型的高效治理方法。1　ＥＷＰ高效污水净化装置的工艺…     

麦迪霉素废水的两级好氧处理

采用三相生物流化床－生物接触固定床两级串联好氧生物处理流程，可处理ＣＯＤ高达２００００ｍｇ／Ｌ的麦迪霉素高浓度有机废水，两床的容积负荷分别为４．４４和０．８９ｋｇＣＯＤ／ｄ·ｍ＾３以下时，其ＣＯＤ和ＢＯＤ的去除率均在９０％以上，出水水质较好。本流程能够承受高浓度有机物的冲击负荷，对进水中的麦迪霉素和酚类物质有较强的适应能力，可保持稳定运行。     

消除DPD法测定水中臭氧浓度干扰因素的研究

研究了Ｈ_２Ｏ_２和其它氧化剂（以过氧化苯甲酰为例）对ＤＰＤ法测定水中臭氧浓度的干扰作用，结果表明，随着ＫＩ浓度或显色时间的增加，Ｈ_２Ｏ_２和其它氧化剂的干扰作用增加，当ＫＩ浓度为０．５ｇ／Ｌ时，可以基本消除这些干扰作用，且当臭氧浓度低于０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ时，不影响臭氧对ＤＰＤ的显色作用。     

邻氨基苯甲酸生产废液的循环利用

采用离子交换和加入石灰的方法处理邻氨基苯甲酸生产废液，去除其中的Ｎａ＾＋和ＳＯ４＾２－，保留其中的ＮＨ４＾＋和邻硝基苯甲酸，处理后的废液回用于生产过程中，不仅消除了废液外排所产生的污染，还回收了ＮＨ４＾＋和ＯＮＡ，有较好的经济效益。     

Health risk assessment of air emissions from a municipal solid waste incineration plant--a case study

A health risk assessment of long-term emissions of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic air pollutants has been carried out for the municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) of the city of Taranto, Italy. Ground level air concentrations and soil deposition of carcinogenic (Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans and Cd) and non-carcinogenic (Pb and Hg) pollutants have been estimated using a well documented atmospheric dispersion model. Health risk values for air inhalation, dermal contact, soil and food ingestion have been calculated based on a combination of these concentrations and a matrix of environmental exposure factors. Exposure of the surrounding population has been addressed for different release scenarios based on four pollutants, four exposure pathways and two receptor groups (children and adults). Spatial risk distribution and cancer excess cases projected from plant emissions have been compared with background mortality records. Estimated results based on the MSWI emissions show: (1) individual risks well below maximum acceptable levels, (2) very small incremental cancer risk compared with background level.     

The efficacy of an oxidation pond in mineralizing some industrial waste products with special reference to fluorene degradation: a case study

The efficacy of the oxidation pond on the outskirts of the 10th of Ramadan, the main industrial city, in Egypt was examined. Samples of wastewater collected from the inlet and the outlet were screened for some priority pollutants. Acenaphthene and fluorene were the most frequently detected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, while dimethyl phthalate was the most frequently detected phthalate ester. The spectrum of pollutants, their concentrations and frequencies were similar in the inlet and the outlet, indicating an inferior mineralization capability of the pond. Several degradative bacterial strains were isolated from the pond and grown on M56 minimal media supplemented with different pollutants as the carbon source. The efficacy of pure and mixed cultures to break down fluorene, the most frequently detected pollutant was examined. Fluorene degradation was fast in the first 10 days, then followed by a slow phase. Mixed culture had a higher rate of fluorene degradation in comparison to pure cultures. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of fluorene degradation showed three degradative metabolites. But GC/MS analysis detected one compound, identified as acetamide. The present work has indicated the poor efficacy of the pond. Lack of primary treatment of industrial effluent at factory level, coupled with shock loads of toxicants that may damage the microorganisms and their degradative capabilities are presumably main factors behind such inferior performance. Moreover, the type of pollutants discharged into the pond tend to fluctuate and change depending on the rate from the factories discharge and work shifts. Such irregular feeding of persistent pollutants may have led to a wash out of specialized strains of bacteria capable to degrade such persistent pollutants.     

Screening of wood rotting fungi potentially useful for the degradation of organic pollutants

Many papers have shown that white rot fungi can degrade aromatic pollutants under laboratory conditions, but few report field scale trials. Here we report the first steps in the development of a remediation system for Greek conditions. A review of the available organochlorine compound pollution information in Greece is presented. White rot fungi isolated from sites in Greece have been screened for growth rate and ligninolytic activity, using decolourisation of the dye Poly R-478 as an indicator of enzyme activity. Use of white rot fungi under field conditions in Greece will require bioaugmentation to be effective at high temperatures and low water activity for much of the year. The most potent strains have been selected under a range of conditions and have been challenged with priority pollutants to determine their degradative ability under laboratory conditions and subsequently ex situ in soil.     

废水中氨氮湿式空气氧化和超临界水氧化研究进展

湿式空气氧化法(WAO)和超临界水氧化法（SCWO)废水处理技术近年已有广泛研究。当催化剂存在于氧化体系时,不仅能降低反应温度、压力,而且可提高废水中有害物质的降解效率。介绍了氨的湿式空气氧化和超临界水氧化催化剂应用的研究进展、各种催化剂在超临界水中的稳定性能及氨的催化超临界水氧化情况。     

电解法降解有机污染物机理及动力学的研究

对阳极电解催化降解有机污染物的机理进行了研究。结果表明 ,在电解过程中能够产生氧化能力极强的羟基自由基 (HO· ) ,使有机污染物以间接氧化的方式降解。用非线性最小二乘法对试验数据的分析表明 ,降解过程基本符合两步一级模型 ,并得到了水杨酸降解过程中的两步速率常数和 2 ,3-二羟基苯甲酸在 5 10 nm处的摩尔吸光系数     

Incineration of healthcare wastes: management of atmospheric emissions through waste segregation

The amount of atmospheric pollutants emitted through the incineration of healthcare wastes can be estimated using emission factors. Emission factors have been published without including sufficient information about the types of wastes incinerated. This paper reports the first emission factors estimated for the incineration of wastes segregated into different types according to the Portuguese legislation. One controlled-air incinerator without air pollution control devices was used in the research. The main objectives of the study were: (i) to estimate the emission factors for particulate matter, dioxins, heavy metals and gaseous pollutants, according to the type of waste incinerated; (ii) to evaluate the quality of atmospheric emissions; and (iii) to define a methodology for the management of atmospheric emissions, evaluating the influence of type of waste incinerated and of the segregation method used on the emitted amounts. It was concluded that: (i) when emission factors are not associated with the type of incinerated mixture, the utility of the emission factors is highly doubtful; (ii) without appropriate equipment to control atmospheric pollution, incineration emissions exceed legal limits, neglecting the protection of human health (the legal limit for pollutant concentrations could only be met for NO(x), all other concentrations were higher than the maximum allowed: dioxins, 93-710 times; Hg, 1.3-226 times; CO, 11-24 times; SO(2), 2-5 times; and HCl, 9-200 times); (iii) rigorous segregation methodologies must be used to minimize atmospheric emissions, and incinerate only those wastes that should be incinerated according to the law. A rigorous segregation program can result in a reduction of the amount of waste that should be incinerated by 80%. A reduction in the quantity of waste incinerated results in a reduction on the amounts of pollutants emitted: particulate matter, 98%; dioxins, 99.5%; As, Cd, Cr, Mn and Ni, respectively, 90%, 92%, 84%, 77% and 92%; Hg and Pb, practically eliminated; SO(2) and NO(x), 93%; and CO and HCl, more than 99%.     

白腐真菌用于有机废水处理的研究

介绍了对污染物有独特降解作用的白腐真菌,阐述了其降解污染物的机理和优势。利用该菌对几种难以用一般生物方法处理的工业废水进行了处理试验,试验结果表明,这种真菌对多种污染物有良好的降解性能,显示出广阔的应用前景。     

介质阻挡放电处理气态污染物的研究进展

介质阻挡放电（DBD）由于具有分解效率高、能耗低、占地少等特点而逐渐成为研究的热点。介绍了DBD的特点、降解气态污染物的机理及发展历程;阐述了DBD单独处理、DBD-催化、DBD-紫外光、DBD-臭氧、DBD-湿式洗涤协同处理技术在气态污染物处理方面的研究进展;分析了DBD处理气态污染物的影响因素,并提出了今后的研究方向。