絮凝沉淀磁吸附工艺在富营养化水体治理中的应用

为从根本上解决富营养化湖泊水内源污染问题,从实验室和工程实验2个方面考证了絮凝沉淀磁吸附工艺应用于治理富营养化水内源污染的可行性,从絮凝和化学沉淀角度分析了该工艺的原理.研究结果表明,该工艺能快速、便捷、高效治理湖泊蓝藻水华,且投入的絮凝剂绿色环保、无二次污染,具有广泛的应用前景.     

污泥重金属的非生物处理方法研究进展

鉴于传统的处理方法、尤其是生物处理方法，在处理重金属污泥时的不经济和效率低下，因此，着重介绍了重金属污泥的几种非生物处理方法（电化学方法、微波法、酸化法、离子交换法、络合剂法、吸附法、氨浸法等）的行为机制、研究进展和实际应用等，并对这些方法的处理效果和环境安全作了比较。电化学方法由于见效快、效率高、操作简便且无二次污染，目前已引起环境科学家的广泛关注。     

焦化废水脱氮处理技术进展

评述了焦化废水脱氮处理方法,包括蒸氨法、折点加氯法、吸附法、催化湿式氧化法、烟道气治理法及生物法,介绍了传统处理方法的改进措施及其适用情况,并对生物脱氮领域最新研究理论及工艺发展方向进行了介绍。     

吸附法烟气脱硫

燃油和煤炭在燃烧过程中会产生SO2 ,这些SO2 排入大气中 ,形成酸雨 ,严重破坏生态环境 ,危害人类健康。一个世纪以来 ,人们对烟气脱硫作出了很大的努力 ,但常见的脱硫技术具有投资大、运行费用高 ,甚至有二次污染等问题。吸附法烟气脱硫工艺简单、脱硫效率高 ,是一种具有深入研究价值与应用前景的方法     

焦化废水脱氮处理技术进展

评述了焦化废水脱氮处理方法，包括蒸氨法、折点加氯法、吸附法、催化湿式氧化法、烟道气治理法及生物法，介绍了传统处理方法的改进措施及其适用情况，并对生物脱氮领域最新研究理论及工艺发展方向进行了介绍。     

树脂吸附法处理含酚工业废水

介绍了树脂吸附法处理含酚废水技术的基本思路、工艺过程及主要特点。肯定了治理方法在实际应用中的技术、经济先进性，并建议推广这种处理技术，使日益严重的酚污染得到逐步控制和解决。     

活性炭纤维净化印刷过程产生的VOCs废气

介绍了应用局部排气的方法,收集印刷过程的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）废气,应用活性炭纤维（ACF）吸附脱附有机废气回收净化装置,进行印刷厂VOCs废气的回收与治理,详细描述了印刷车间VOCs废气的收集与处理工艺过程及其效果.测试结果表明,应用此工艺和设备可以有效地进行印刷过程大风量的VOCs废气的回收和治理.     

吸附法烟气脱硫

燃油和煤炭在燃烧过程中会产生SO2，这些SO2排入大气中，形成酸雨，严重破坏生态环境，危害人类健康。一个世纪以来，人们对烟气脱硫作出了很大的努力，但常见的脱硫技术具有投资大，运行费用高，甚至有二次污染等问题，吸附法烟气脱硫工艺简单，脱硫效率高，是一种具有深入研究价值与应用前景的方法。     

活性炭吸附和转轮吸附治理挥发性有机物的工艺研究

简要介绍了挥发性有机物(VOCs)的来源以及常用治理技术,着重介绍了活性炭吸附工艺和转轮吸附工艺治理VOCs的工艺流程。对两种治理工艺的特点进行了研究分析,从不同角度阐述了两种治理工艺的适用场合以及经济性。     

菌丝体—甲壳素水处理剂对重金属Ni^2＋离子吸附性能的研究

本文系统研究了菌丝体－甲壳素（甲壳素）作为水处理剂对去除水体中Ni^2 离子时的吸附特性，结果表明，甲壳素作为水处理剂，在较大pH值变化范围内，对Ni^2 离子与柠檬酸镍都有较高的吸附容量；甲壳素在吸附金属离子的同时，对H^ 有吸附作用，且H^ 是金属离子的竞争性抑制剂。将甲壳素与市售吸附树脂相比，其对阳离子（Ni^2 ）和络阴离子（柠檬酸镍Ni(cit)^2-）的吸附特性类似于阳离子交换树脂。同时，甲壳素不会带来二次污染，是一种具有广泛应用前景的环保型工业水处理剂。     

新型液体洗涤法处理次食业油烟装置的试验研究

主要对液体洗涤法处理油烟工艺进行了研究，利用其处理原理白行设计了一套处理油烟装置，并通过实验进行了参数的选择和优化，得出采用1‰的NaOH＋1‰的洗涤剂（质量浓度）的混合液为淋洗液，填料高度5～6cm，则去除率能达到80％以上，且实验证实其处理效果达到了国家规定的最低净化率。     

新型液体洗涤法处理饮食业油烟装置的试验研究

主要对液体洗涤法处理油烟工艺进行了研究,利用其处理原理自行设计了一套处理油烟装置,并通过实验进行了参数的选择和优化,得出采用1‰的NaOH 1‰的洗涤剂(质量浓度)的混合液为淋洗液,填料高度5～6 cm,则去除率能达到80%以上,且实验证实其处理效果达到了国家规定的最低净化率.     

Removal of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide by carbons impregnated with triethylenediamine

Activated carbon (AC) adsorption has long been considered to be a readily available technology for providing protection against exposure to acutely toxic gases. However, ACs without chemical impregnation have proven to be much less efficient than impregnated ACs in terms of gas removal. The impregnated ACs in current use are usually modified with metalloid impregnation agents (ASC-carbons; copper, chromium, or silver) to simultaneously enhance the chemical and physical properties of the ACs in removing specific poisonous gases. These metalloid agents, however, can cause acute poisoning to both humans and the environment, thereby necessitating the search for organic impregnation agents that present a much lower risk. The aim of the study reported here was to assess AC or ASC-carbon impregnated with triethylenediamine (TEDA) in terms of its adsorption capability for simulated hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) gases. The investigation was undergone in a properly designed laboratory-scale and industrial fume hood evaluation. Using the system reported here, we obtained a significant adsorption: the removal capability for H2S and SO2 was 375 and 229 mg/g-C, respectively. BET measurements, element analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry identified the removal mechanism for TEDA-impregnated AC to be both chemical and physical adsorption. Chemical adsorption and oxidation were the primary means by which TEDA-impregnated ASC-carbons removed the simulated gases.     

厌氧-往复好氧组合式工业废水处理新工艺

厌氧 往复好氧组合式工艺是针对我国传统的工业废水生物处理方式投资高、占地大、自动化程度低的实际状况而开发的一种高效、经济的废水处理新工艺。以该工艺装置处理啤酒废水的试验结果表明 ,厌氧 往复好氧组合式工艺去除有机物以及脱氮除磷的效果较好 ,同时还具有经常性运转费用低 ,投资省 ,占地面积小等特点     

Index

Abstract

Activated carbon (AC) adsorption has long been considered to be a readily available technology for providing protection against exposure to acutely toxic gases. However, ACs without chemical impregnation have proven to be much less efficient than impregnated ACs in terms of gas removal. The impregnated ACs in current use are usually modified with metalloid impregnation agents (ASC-carbons; copper, chromium, or silver) to simultaneously enhance the chemical and physical properties of the ACs in removing specific poisonous gases. These metalloid agents, however, can cause acute poisoning to both humans and the environment, thereby necessitating the search for organic impregnation agents that present a much lower risk. The aim of the study reported here was to assess AC or ASC-carbon impregnated with triethylenediamine (TEDA) in terms of its adsorption capability for simulated hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) gases. The investigation was undergone in a properly designed laboratory-scale and industrial fume hood evaluation. Using the system reported here, we obtained a significant adsorption: the removal capability for H₂S and SO₂ was 375 and 229 mg/g-C, respectively. BET measurements, element analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry identified the removal mechanism for TEDA-impregnated AC to be both chemical and physical adsorption. Chemical adsorption and oxidation were the primary means by which TEDA-im pregnated ASC-carbons removed the simulated gases.     

An overview of nanomaterials applied for removing dyes from wastewater

Organic dyes are one of the most commonly discharged pollutants in wastewaters; however, many conventional treatment methods cannot treat them effectively. Over the past few decades, we have witnessed rapid development of nanotechnologies, which offered new opportunities for developing innovative methods to treat dye-contaminated wastewater with low price and high efficiency. The large surface area, modified surface properties, unique electron conduction properties, etc. offer nanomaterials with excellent performances in dye-contaminated wastewater treatment. For examples, the agar-modified monometallic/bimetallic nanoparticles have the maximum methylene blue adsorption capacity of 875.0 mg/g, which are several times higher than conventional adsorbents. Among various nanomaterials, the carbonaceous nanomaterials, nano-sized TiO₂, and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) are considered as the most promising nanomaterials for removing dyes from water phase. However, some challenges, such as high cost and poor separation performance, still limit their engineering application. This article reviewed the recent advances in the nanomaterials used for dye removal via adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, and biological treatment. The modification methods for improving the effectiveness of nanomaterials are highlighted. Finally, the current knowledge gaps of developing nanomaterials on the environmental application were discussed, and the possible further research direction is proposed.     

复合改性海泡石同步处理废水中的氮磷

采用盐热和稀土掺杂制备复合改性海泡石,研究了复合改性海泡石对废水中N、P的吸附特征和去除效果。结果表明,与海泡石原矿粉比较,复合改性海泡石的脱氮除磷能力分别提高49.71%和90.14%;复合改性海泡石对N、P的吸附可以用Langmuir吸附模型描述,获得的最大吸附量分别为1.165和1.121 mg/g;修正的Elovich模型能较好地描述复合改性海泡石吸附N、P的动力学过程;用NaOH溶液可以再生吸附材料,获得较好的脱氮除磷效果,再生次数以2次为宜;用复合改性海泡石处理污水处理站的二级生化出水,最终出水的pH、N和P含量均达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》的要求。     

Comparison of batch, stirred flow chamber, and column experiments to study adsorption, desorption and transport of carbofuran within two acidic soils

Different methods (batch, column and stirred flow chamber experiments) used for adsorption and desorption of carbofuran studies were compared. All tested methods showed that the carbofuran adsorption was higher in the soil with the higher organic matter content, whereas the opposite behaviour was observed for the percentage of carbofuran desorbed. However, different methods have revealed some discrepancies in carbofuran adsorption/desorption kinetics. Although batch method showed interesting data on equilibrium experiments, such as a low heterogeneity for the carbofuran adsorption sites independent of soil organic matter content, it had some disadvantages for carbofuran adsorption/desorption kinetic studies. The disadvantages were related with the excessive limitations of this method on kinetics, i.e., no difference could be detected between different soils. However, with column and stirred flow chamber methods the carbofuran adsorption/desorption kinetics of different soils could be compared. Moreover, the absolute values of carbofuran adsorption/desorption and its rate were higher in the stirred flow chamber than in the batch and column experiments. Using stirred flow chamber experiments the carbofuran desorption was significantly faster than its adsorption, whereas carbofuran using column experiments they were similar. These discrepancies should be considered when the results obtained only with one method is discussed.     

城市污水一级强化处理工艺——高负荷生物吸附再生法的应用研究

根据理论分析提出生物吸附-沉淀-再生的城市污水处理工艺，即高负荷生物吸附再生法。该工艺对污染物去除的作用主要包括污泥的絮凝作用、吸附作用和生物代谢作用，而以前两者的作用为主。对城市污水的生产性试验研究结果表明，该工艺能够较大程度地提高SS、COD、SCOD和BOD等污染物的去除率，具有明显的处理效果，对于西北干旱缺水地区实现污水资源化是切实可行的方法。     

A comparative study of dye removal using fly ash treated by different methods

The effect of different methods for fly ash treatment using conventional chemical, sonochemical and microwave method on dye adsorption in aqueous solution was investigated. Three basic dyes, methylene blue, crystal violet and rhodamine B, are employed for adsorption testing. It is found that fly ash shows different adsorption capacity depending on type of dyes. Chemical treatment using HCl will increase the adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of HCl treated fly ash varies with the preparation conditions. Microwave treatment is a fast and efficient method while producing the sample with the highest adsorption capacity. Solution pH and inorganic salts in dye solution can significantly influence the adsorption. The adsorption data have been analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. The results indicate that the Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models provide the better correlations with the experimental data.