共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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二氧化氯和氯复合消毒剂对城市污水的消毒效果 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
试验研究了二氧化氯和氯复合消毒剂用于经城市污水处理厂处理后的城市污水消毒的效能,结果表明,二氧化氯和氯复合消毒剂的使用减低了生成的亚氯酸根离子的浓度,增加了残余的二氧化氯的浓度,粪大肠菌灭活效果良好。 相似文献
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对自来水二氧化氯消毒控制三氯甲烷形成进行了试验研究,二氧化氯预消毒替代预氯化消毒可以降低水中的三氯甲烷,预消毒处理后形成三氯甲烷的反应受温度和反应时间的影响。使用二氧化氯与氯配制的混合消毒剂消毒时,随二氧化氯含量增加,水中的三氯甲烷将明显减少。 相似文献
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为了研究农药在饮用水消毒过程中的降解情况,选择了8类使用广泛或者在水源中已检测出有残留的农药,研究其与普遍使用的3种含氯消毒剂(自由氯、氯胺和二氧化氯)的反应活性.实验结果表明,在农药浓度为5μmol/L(少数除外),消毒剂与农药摩尔比为200:1,pH 6.58-6.84,温度25±3℃的条件下,自由氯与除草定、乐果、涕灭威、涕灭威亚砜和灭虫威这5种农药反应很快,在2 min内就将其完全降解,杀线威在60 min内降解了98%;一氯胺只与涕灭威、灭虫威有很高的反应活性,分别在1 min和4 min内将2种农药降解完毕;二氧化氯可以在10 min内完全降解除草定,反应120 min后对涕灭威和灭虫威的降解率分别为75%和81%.3种消毒剂与其他种类农药的反应活性都很低.因此,在使用这3种消毒剂进行饮用水消毒处理时,只能有效降解(或转化)少数种类的农药,而大多数种类的农药将可能维持其化学结构,进入供水管网. 相似文献
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为给饮水消毒,氯被认为是最常用的消毒剂,可代替氯的是二氧化氯、臭氧、氯氨、紫外辐射、碘化作用或某些综合方法。前三种替代方法因为它们有效、比较便宜且易于使用,所以,受到极大的注意。现在已经查清,除了要对有机付产物应予关注外,某些消毒剂或其缔合的无机付产物也具有毒性。 相似文献
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二氧化氯深度处理垃圾渗滤液研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用二氧化氯对生物处理后的垃圾渗滤液进行深度处理,根据废水中有效氯浓度、COD、氨氮及细菌数等参数的分析,初步探讨了不同浓度的二氧化氯在不同处理时间内对垃圾渗滤液的处理效果。结果表明,对于COD初始浓度为450 mg/L左右的水样,二氧化氯的投加浓度达100 mg/L(有效氯),反应时间在50 min时,处理水样可达到同类废水的国家二级排放标准;对于同样条件下的水样,当加入约25 mg/L的二氧化氯时可以杀灭水样中的大肠杆菌,加入浓度达到90 mg/L的二氧化氯时,可以杀灭水样中几乎所有的细菌。 相似文献
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二氧化氯杀灭小球藻 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实验研究了二氧化氯投加量、小球藻的初始浓度、pH、有机物和氨氮含量对ClO2杀灭来自于水库水的小球藻的影响,考察了ClO2氧化与混凝工艺结合时去除小球藻的效果并对工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,ClO2在投加量1.1 mg/L下,接触10 min,小球藻的杀灭率为71.93%。小球藻的杀灭率随着ClO2投加量的增大和藻初始浓度的升高而提高,随水中有机物含量的增加而显著降低,氨氮含量对小球藻杀灭的效果影响很小。在酸性条件和碱性条件下,小球藻的杀灭率均随pH升高而急剧下降,而在中性至弱碱性区间内,藻的杀灭率随pH升高而缓慢下降。对于某以小球藻为优势藻的供水水库源水,ClO2氧化与混凝工艺结合,藻的去除率高达98.47%。除藻的最佳工艺条件为:二氧化氯投加量为0.5 mg/L,聚合氯化铝为5 mg/L,二氧化氯与混凝剂同时投加。 相似文献
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实验研究了二氧化氯投加量、小球藻的初始浓度、pH、有机物和氨氮含量对ClO2杀灭来自于水库水的小球藻的影响,考察了ClO2氧化与混凝工艺结合时去除小球藻的效果并对工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,ClO2在投加量1.1 mg/L下,接触10 min,小球藻的杀灭率为71.93%。小球藻的杀灭率随着ClO2投加量的增大和藻初始浓度的升高而提高,随水中有机物含量的增加而显著降低,氨氮含量对小球藻杀灭的效果影响很小。在酸性条件和碱性条件下,小球藻的杀灭率均随pH升高而急剧下降,而在中性至弱碱性区间内,藻的杀灭率随pH升高而缓慢下降。对于某以小球藻为优势藻的供水水库源水,ClO2氧化与混凝工艺结合,藻的去除率高达98.47%。除藻的最佳工艺条件为:二氧化氯投加量为0.5 mg/L,聚合氯化铝为5 mg/L,二氧化氯与混凝剂同时投加。 相似文献
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The organic precursors affecting the formation of disinfection by-products with chlorine dioxide 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
The object of this research was to study the formation of disinfection by-products by using chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as a disinfectant reacting with different properties of organic substance in natural aquatic environment. The adsorbent resin (XAD-4, XAD-7) was used to divide the organic matters in raw water into three groups. The influence of the function groups on structure, reaction tendency, and formation of disinfection by-products generated by the reaction of these organic substances with chlorine dioxide was explored. The experimental results show that the three different organic groups formed using adsorbent resin were hydrophobic substance, hydrophilic acid, and non-acid hydrophilics in proportions of 43%, 41%, and 16%, respectively. Within the raw water in our study, the hydrophilic substance had a higher distribution proportion than that described in general articles and journals, which indicates that this water was contaminated with pollution from human beings. The exploration of the reactivity of the three different organic substances with chlorine dioxide shows that the unit consumption of disinfection agent per unit organic matters (represented by ClO2/DOC) is in the following sequence hydrophobic substance > hydrophilic substance > non-acid hydrophilics. It indicated that larger molecular organic precursors had larger consumption of disinfectant. We also discovered that after the reaction of the three different organic substances with chlorine dioxide, the largest amount of disinfection by-products were generated by the non-acid hydrophilics. 相似文献
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In this study, chlorine dioxide (ClO2) was used as an alternative disinfectant with vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and humic acid as the organic precursors in a natural aquatic environment. The primary disinfection by-products (DBPs) formed were trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Under neutral conditions (pH = 7) for vanillic acid, more total haloacetic acids (THAAs) than total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) were found, with a substantial increase during the later stages of the reaction. In the case of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, the amount of THAAs produced was minimal. Raising the concentration of ClO2 was not favorable for the control of THAAs in low concentrations of vanillic acid. ClO2 could reduce the total amount of TTHMs and THAAs for higher concentration of vanillic acid. It was found that the humic acid treatment dosage was not significant. Under alkaline conditions (pH = 9), the control of TTHMs and THAAs for the treatment of vanillic acid was better and more economical, however, an appreciable amount of inorganic by-products were observed. Under the same alkaline condition, the control of THAA for the treatment of p-hydroxybenzoic acid was not beneficial and for the treatment of humic acid was not significant. 相似文献
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为了解决水体中铁锰季节性超标的问题,提出一种既能够减少化学试剂的使用又能有效去除铁锰的经济有效的方法。研究了单一方法(二氧化氯氧化法、接触催化氧化法)及两者联合对铁锰的去除效果,提出用二氧化氯氧化-锰砂过滤联合方法解决。研究表明,用ClO2氧化去除水中Fe2+的反应先发生、速率较快且效果较好,而与Mn2+反应则较慢并且不能完全转化为沉淀。单纯接触催化氧化法需要较长时间,过滤层才能达到稳定且较好的处理效果,培养过程中其除锰效果并不理想。两者联合时,利用过滤层的吸附作用去除部分铁锰,减少了氧化剂的使用。初期3个柱的除Mn2+效果都比较好,去除率均大于80%;然而采用石英砂或纤维束滤料的滤柱去除Mn2+的效果随时间变差,但采用锰砂的除锰效果在实验期间始终维持在较高水平。 相似文献