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冠状病毒气溶胶传播及环境影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
当前,新型冠状病毒肺炎正在全球大范围流行,严重影响了人类健康和生产生活.目前已明确的新型冠状病毒的传播途径包括飞沫传播和接触传播,一些传播感染事件的研究间接证明新型冠状病毒可以通过空气传播,然而对于新型冠状病毒通过气溶胶传播机制的认识仍然不足,其对疾病传播的相对贡献等还在研究和论证中.本文分析了引起重症急性呼吸综合征、中东呼吸综合征和新型冠状病毒肺炎的不同冠状病毒通过气溶胶传播的研究结果,评述了病毒气溶胶的产生机制、病毒气溶胶的空气动力学特征、冠状病毒在气溶胶中的存活规律及环境因素的影响、以及冠状病毒在室内外环境气溶胶中的赋存和传播情况,探讨了当前对于明确新型冠状病毒的气溶胶传播研究的不足以及跨学科研究的展望. 相似文献
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近年来灾害事件频发,有关灾害信息传播的研究成为传播学的一个热点研究方向,目前我国灾害信息传播的研究角度众多,取得了较为丰硕的成果,但大多还只停留在个案研究层面,系统研究有待加强。本文在分析现状的基础上,提出了整合传播是我国灾害信息传播研究的新方向,并可分出传播渠道整合、传播内容整合和传媒自身整合等众多研究分支。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cleaner Production》2008,16(17):1872-1886
The lack of reliable communication tools is anticipated to become an important barrier to design and sell products with improved environmental performance. In this paper, environmental product declarations, EPDs, and in particular a Stepwise EPD approach is investigated as a means to overcome the communication barrier. The experiences of ten European SMEs who have tried to use Stepwise EPDs for market communication and as a basis for eco-design are described and discussed. The experiences suggest that Stepwise EPDs based on life cycle assessment can be a cost-efficient tool to improve the environmental performance of products. For normal marketing activities the Stepwise EPDs were disappointing. Using the underlying LCA as a platform for in-depth communication with selected parties in the supply chain showed more promise. 相似文献
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环境信息系统对信息服务网格技术的需求分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
环境信息系统主要是为环境管理者,环境科研工作者和大众服务的,如何利用现代计算机技术和网络通信技术把经过多年收集、整理的环境信息呈现给用户,更好地为环境保护服务是亟待解决的问题,本文首先介绍了网络通信的一项新技术-网络,然后分析了全球环境信息系统的现状及环境信息系统对信息服务网格技术的需求,最后给出了环保信息服务网格研究需要解决的问题及关键技术。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cleaner Production》2008,16(3):299-309
Training and communication are essential elements in the implementation of environmental management systems (EMS). This study is based on two main questions: (i) What methods for training and communication will support the implementation of EMS at a university? and, (ii) How did faculty and staff perceive the training and communication activities? The study includes a literature review, a case study of methods for training and communication, and results of a semi quantitative survey of the perception of training and communication. All activities took place at the University of Gävle (Sweden). The University of Gävle was certified according to ISO 14001 in 2004. Practical experiences from the implementation of EMS in industry were used as reference.The literature review indicates that training is a key factor during implementation of EMS, and that training may change attitude and behaviour among managers and employees. Similar conclusions can be drawn from this study. The case study, and practical experiences from industry, indicate that similar methods of EMS training and communication can be shared by industry and universities. However, “academic freedom” and “critical thinking” may result in the need for more interactive training methods at a university than in industry. The results of the survey indicate that the training and communication have increased awareness of environmental issues. A deeper understanding of the personal role in the EMS was also observed. It can be concluded that the EMS training and communication team has a demanding task to introduce the concept of indirect environmental aspects at a university. Lecturers and researchers should be convinced that the greening of a college involves more than, for example, reducing the consumption of paper. The main role of EMS at a university should be to focus on indirect environmental aspects, for example, to introduce environmental and sustainability issues in courses and research. 相似文献
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Relevant and understandable environmental information about production and products is needed in any attempt to mitigate environmental impact from production, products, and consumption. This paper introduces an analytical framework for studying the drivers, barriers and enablers of corporate environmental information collection, management and communication. The framework is built up by two main parts. In the first, we sort out what corporate environmental information is and how to spot gaps in information collection, management and communication. The second part examines the stakeholders and company features that could constitute important influencing factors. The framework is intended to support qualitative and quantitative studies which aim to increase understanding of what shapes the flow of environmental information in companies and product chains. 相似文献
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介绍了通讯基站电磁辐射环境影响评价的重要胜,在介绍电磁辐射环境标准限值的基础上,针对现有环境影响理论预测与实际监测值存在误差的情况,分析了通讯基站电磁辐射的影响因素和误差存在的原因,并对采取的理论预测模型提出优化建议,使预测结果更接近于实际值,为通讯基站电磁辐射环境影响预测及评价提供更加科学、合理的依据。 相似文献
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近年来,湖南省环境信息化建设快速发展,但在通信网络的抗毁性以及突发事件的应对能力等方面考虑还不够完善。环境应急指挥系统能够协助环境厅应对各类突发的紧急事件,实现事前监测;在应急事件发生的时候快速、准确、科学地决策、协调、调度和指挥,向公众提供环境方面的紧急救助信息和服务;事后进行事件评估,重建等工作。本文研究的是湖南省环境应急指挥系统功能的实现,完成了一套环境应急指挥系统的开发工作。根据目前我省环境保护应急指挥实际情况,设计了环境应急指挥系统的总体平台;对环境应急指挥调度系统和综合应用系统进行了设计和分析,重点是对应用软件系统和硬件支撑平台进行了研究设计。 相似文献
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长江-洪泽湖段突发跨界污染风险交流信息图谱研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析我国当前环境风险交流存在问题基础上,将信息图谱引入到流域突发跨界环境污染风险交流中.参考公共卫生领域信息图谱制定步骤,结合突发跨界环境污染风险管理特点与要求,构建流域突发跨界环境污染利益相关方构架体系.编制流域突发跨界环境污染事件利益相关方问题清单框架,对流域突发跨界环境污染利益相关方问题计算权重,按权重大小进行排序分类.以南水北调东线工程长江-洪泽湖段为研究区域,绘制风险交流信息图谱,利用ArcGIS制作信息图谱单元图以及单元表实现对海量信息资料的挖掘、提炼与表达,不仅满足了利益相关方对于信息的迫切需求,提高了环境风险交流效率,保证了突发跨界环境污染应急处理处置措施的有力实施.同时也为利益相关方进行有效的风险沟通提供了预见性、准确的关键信息与支持信息,为流域突发跨界环境污染风险决策提供辅助信息工具. 相似文献
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江群英 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2010,(4):63-64
移动通信基站是手机通信中转站,设在居民楼内的移动通信基站方便了信号的转发,但同时基站设备噪声也会造成环境污染;通过双层墙和隔振处理,解决了移动通信基站噪声对环境的污染。 相似文献