Metals and metalloid bioconcentrations in the tissues of Typha latifolia grown in the four interconnected ponds of a domestic landfill site

The uptake of metals in roots and their transfer to rhizomes and above-ground plant parts (stems, leaves) of cattails (Typha latifolia L.) were studied in leachates from a domestic landfill site (Etueffont, France) and treated in a natural lagooning system. Plant parts and corresponding water and sediment samples were taken at the inflow and outflow points of the four ponds at the beginning and at the end of the growing season. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in the different compartments were estimated and their removal efficiency assessed, reaching more than 90% for Fe, Mn and Ni in spring and fall as well in the water compartment. The above- and below-ground cattail biomass varied from 0.21 to 0.85, and 0.34 to 1.24 kg dry weight/m², respectively, the highest values being recorded in the fourth pond in spring 2011. The root system was the first site of accumulation before the rhizome, stem and leaves. The highest metal concentration was observed in roots from cattails growing at the inflow of the system''s first pond. The trend in the average trace element concentrations in the cattail plant organs can generally be expressed as: Fe > Mn > As > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd for both spring and fall. While T. latifolia removes trace elements efficiently from landfill leachates, attention should also be paid to the negative effects of these elements on plant growth.     

温榆河水体中重金属含量分布及赋存状态解析

利用错流超滤技术对采集的温榆河水样中Fe、Mn、Al、Zn、Cu、Cr和Pb等金属元素进行了分离,研究温榆河重金属分布及赋存状态变化.研究发现,温榆河沿程重金属含量多数超出了《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)的Ⅰ类水标准,Pb超过了Ⅱ类水标准;其中Fe、Al、Cu、Pb等元素主要以颗粒态存在,Mn、Zn则主要以溶解态存在,而Cr在颗粒态和溶解态中含量相当.温榆河沿程各点金属元素在胶体态和真溶解态中均有分布,Mn、Al、Zn、Pb等元素以真溶解态存在量较多,而Fe、Cr、Cu等元素则以胶体态存在量较多,其中,河流中的Cu元素分布状态受外界影响严重,Cr和Mn的分布状态不易受外界因素影响,Fe的分布状态易受总含量的影响,Al和Zn的分布状态易受pH值的影响,Pb的分布状态易受河流富氧状态的影响.通过胶体态重金属与胶体态有机碳的相关性分析发现,温榆河中胶体态Fe、Mn、Zn及Al主要以无机胶体态存在;而胶体态Cu、Cr和Pb则主要以有机胶体态存在.     

Metal distribution characteristic of MSWI bottom ash in view of metal recovery

Bottom ash is the major by-product of municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI), and is often reused as an engineering material, such as road-base aggregate. However, some metals(especially aluminum) in bottom ash can react with water and generate gas that could cause expansion and failure of products containing the ash; these metals must be removed before the ash is utilized. The size distribution and the chemical speciation of metals in the bottom ash from two Chinese MSWI plants were examined in this study, and the recovery potential of metals from the ash was evaluated. The metal concentrations in these bottom ashes were lower than that generated in other developed countries. Specifically, the contents of Al,Fe, Cu and Zn were 18.9–29.2, 25.5–32.3, 0.7–1.0 and 1.6–2.5 g/kg, respectively. Moreover,44.9–57.0 wt.% of Al and 55.6–75.4 wt.% of Fe were distributed in bottom ash particles smaller than 5 mm. Similarly, 46.6–79.7 wt.% of Cu and 42.9–74.2 wt.% of Zn were concentrated in particles smaller than 3 mm. The Fe in the bottom ash mainly existed as hematite, and its chemical speciation was considered to limit the recovery efficiency of magnetic separation.     

Mobility and sulfidization of heavy metals in sediments of a shallow eutrophic lake,Lake Taihu,China

The technique of DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) using three diffusive gel thicknesses was applied to estimate the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments and porewater of Lake Taihu, China. The DGT results showed significantly positive correlations between Co, Pb, Cd and Mn, and Ni and Fe concentrations in porewater. Cu and Zn showed a significantly negative correlation with Mn, due to Cu combination with carbonates and Zn derived from agricultural pollution, respectively. The rank order of average concentrations of Co, Ni and Cd at each station was DGT_1.92 > DGT_0.78 > DGT_0.39, suggesting stronger resupply from sediments to porewater when using thicker diffusive gels. Comparing centrifugation and DGT measurements, Co, Ni and Cd are highly labile; Mn and Fe are moderately labile; and Cu, Zn and Pb are slightly labile. The variations of AVS concentrations in sediment cores indicate that metal sulfides in deeper layers are easily diffused into surface sediments.     

Integrating geochemical (surface waters, stream sediments) and biological (diatoms) approaches to assess AMD environmental impact in a pyritic mining area: Aljustrel (Alentejo, Portugal)

Aljustrel mines were classified as having high environmental hazard due to their large tailings volume and high metal concentrations in waters and sediments.To assess acid mine drainage impacted systems whose environmental conditions change quickly,the use of biological indicators with short generation time such as diatoms is advantageous.This study combined geochemical and diatom data,whose results were highlighted in 3 groups:Group 1,with low p H(1.9–5.1)and high metal/metalloid(Al,As,Cd,Co,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ni,Pb,Zn;0.65–1032 mg/L)and SO_4(405–39124 mg/L)concentrations.An acidophilic species,Pinnularia aljustrelica,was perfectly adapted to the adverse conditions;in contrast,teratological forms of Eunotia exigua were found,showing that metal toxicity affected this species.The low availability of metals/metalloids in sediments of this group indicates that metals/metalloids of the exchangeable fractions had been solubilized,which in fact enables metal/metalloid diatom uptake and consequently the occurrence of teratologies;Group 2,with sites of near neutral p H(5.0–6.8)and intermediate metal/metalloid(0.002–6 mg/L)and SO_4(302–2179 mg/L)concentrations;this enabled the existence of typical species of uncontaminated streams(Brachysira neglectissima,Achnanthidium minutissimum);Group 3,with samples from unimpacted sites,showing low metal/metalloid(0–0.8 mg/L)and SO_4(10–315 mg/L)concentrations,high pH(7.0–8.4)and Cl contents(10–2119 mg/L)and the presence of brackish to marine species(Entomoneis paludosa).For similar conditions of acidity,differences in diversity,abundance and teratologies of diatoms can be explained by the levels of metals/metalloids.     

Sediment pollution characteristics and in situ control in a deep drinking water reservoir

Sediment pollution characteristics, in situ sediment release potential, and in situ inhibition of sediment release were investigated in a drinking water reservoir. Results showed that organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in sediments increased from the reservoir mouth to the main reservoir. Fraction analysis indicated that nitrogen in ion exchangeable form and NaOH-extractable P (Fe/Al-P) accounted for 43% and 26% of TN and TP in sediments of the main reservoir. The Risk Assessment Code for metal elements showed that Fe and Mn posed high to very high risk. The results of the in situ reactor experiment in the main reservoir showed the same trends as those observed in the natural state of the reservoir in 2011 and 2012; the maximum concentrations of total OC, TN, TP, Fe, and Mn reached 4.42 mg/L, 3.33 mg/L, 0.22 mg/L, 2.56 mg/L, and 0.61 mg/L, respectively. An in situ sediment release inhibition technology, the water-lifting aerator, was utilized in the reservoir. The results of operating the water-lifting aerator indicated that sediment release was successfully inhibited and that OC, TN, TP, Fe, and Mn in surface sediment could be reduced by 13.25%, 15.23%, 14.10%, 5.32%, and 3.94%, respectively.     

An experimental and thermodynamic equilibrium investigation of the Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, Mn and Ni partitioning during sewage sludge incineration

The effects of different chlorides and operational conditions on the distribution and speciation of six heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, Mn and Ni) during sludge incineration were investigated using a simulated laboratory tubular-furnace reactor. A thermodynamic equilibrium investigation using the FactSage software was performed to compare the experimental results. The results indicate that the volatility of the target metals was enhanced as the chlorine concentration increased. Inorganic-Cl influenced the volatilization of heavy metals in the order of Pb > Zn > Cr > Cu > Mn > Ni. However, the effects of organic-Cl on the volatility of Mn, Pb and Cu were greater than the effects on Zn, Cr and Ni. With increasing combustion temperature, the presence of organic-Cl (PVC) and inorganic-Cl (NaCl) improved the transfer of Pb and Zn from bottom ash to fly ash or fuse gas. However, the presence of chloride had no obvious influence on Mn, Cu and Ni. Increased retention time could increase the volatilization rate of heavy metals; however, this effect was insignificant. During the incineration process, Pb readily formed PbSiO₄ and remained in the bottom ash. Different Pb compounds, primarily the volatile PbCl₂, were found in the gas phase after the addition of NaCl; the dominant Pb compounds in the gas phase after the addition of PVC were PbCl₂, Pb(ClO₄)₂ and PbCl₂O₄.     

珠海市郊区大气PM2.5中元素特征及重金属健康风险评价

为探讨珠海市郊区大气环境PM_2.5中主要元素尤其是重金属的污染特征及其健康风险,于2014~2015年选取春、夏、秋、冬季4个典型月采集了PM_2.5样品.利用X射线荧光光谱法分析得到15种元素的含量,进一步利用富集因子和主成分分析方法分析其来源,并采用US EPA环境健康风险评价模型评估痕量重金属的健康风险.结果表明：大气PM_2.5中地壳元素（Al、Si、Ca、Fe、Ti）总质量浓度在春、夏、秋、冬季典型月分别为（708±213）、（645±269）、（1155±503）和（1466±492）ng·m^-3,痕量重金属元素（Ba、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、V、Zn）总质量浓度在春、夏、秋、冬典型月分别为（271±124）、（163±87.6）、（424±192）和（546±183）ng·m^-3.富集因子分析显示Sb、Zn、Pb、Cu、Ni、Ba、Ca、Co等元素富集显著,其富集因子均值范围为172~2426.主成分分析显示,区域性输送污染源、船舶源、燃煤和电子工业是PM_2.5中重金属的主要来源,其贡献率分别为53.4%、13.0%、7.6%和6.8%.健康风险评价结果表明,Mn元素对儿童存在一定的非致癌风险,Cr、Pb和Co存在一定的致癌风险.     

Metals in sediment/pore water in Chaohu Lake: Distribution, trends and flux

Nine metals, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, As, Cr, Zn, Fe, and Mn in sediment and pore water from 57 sampling sites in Chaohu Lake (Anhui Province, China) were analyzed for spatial distribution, temporal trends and diffuse flux in 2010. Metals in the surface sediment were generally the highest in the western lake center and Nanfei-Dianbu River estuary, with another higher area of As, Fe, and Mn occurring in the Qiyang River estuary. Metal contamination assessment using the New York sediment screening criteria showed that the sediment was severely contaminated in 44% of the area with Mn, 20% with Zn, 16% with Fe, 14% with As, and 6% with Cr and Ni. An increasing trend of toxic metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, As, Cr, Zn) and Mn with depth was shown in the western lake. Compared with metal content data from the sediment survey conducted in 1980s, the metal content of surface sediment in 2010 was 2.0 times that in the 1980s for Cr, Cu, Zn, and As in the western lake, and less than 1.5 times higher for most of the metals in the eastern lake. Among the metals, only Mn and As had a widespread positive diffuse flux from the pore water to overlying water across the whole lake. The estimated flux in the whole lake was on average 3.36 mg/(m². day) for Mn and 0.08 mg/(m². day) for As, which indicated a daily increase of 0.93 μg/L for Mn and 0.02 μg/L for As in surface water. The increasing concentration of metals in the sediment and the flux of metals from pore water to overlying water by diffusion and other physical processes should not be ignored for drinking-water sources.     

铁矿周边地下水金属元素分布及健康风险评价

以崇左市红阳村、两岸村、亭乐村和孔甲村所在地为研究区域,对该区域内某铁矿周边30个地下水样品中12种金属元素（Hg、Mn、Fe、Al、Zn、Ni、As、Pb、Cr、Cd、Co、Cu）进行测定和分析,运用多元统计的方法和健康风险评价模型研究了地下水金属元素的分布特征及其引起的健康风险.结果表明,地下水中Zn和Fe平均浓度（250.32,103.96μg/L）较高,Hg、Mn、Fe、Al和Zn超过了《地下水质量标准》（GB/T 14848-2017）规定的Ⅲ类标准限值.Fe、Mn、Al高浓度主要分布在红阳村和亭乐村,Zn、Hg高浓度主要分布在红阳村和两岸村.多元统计分析表明,Fe、Mn、Al、Pb、As、Co元素主要来源于铁矿开采,Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni元素主要与铅锌矿的开采与区域地质背景有关,Hg主要来源于本底值及糖厂和造纸厂等企业污染,Cd主要来源于自然源.健康风险评价表明,两岸村地下水金属元素引起的健康总风险（8.82×10^-5a^-1）最高,儿童健康总风险大于成人,经饮水途径引起的健康风险比皮肤接触途径高2~3个数量级,Cr的致癌风险接近或高于最大可接受风险水平5.0×10^-5a^-1,非致癌风险水平在10^-14~10^-9a^-1,低于最大可接受风险水平4~9个数量级.     

铅低积累大豆的筛选及铅对其豆中矿物营养元素的影响

筛选和培育铅低积累作物品种已被用来降低铅流入到人们的食物链中.本实验采用盆栽方法,研究了16个选定的大豆品种在两个铅处理(500和1500 mg·kg-1)下的生长反应,并评估其对铅的耐性.结果表明,在两个铅处理(500和1500 mg·kg-1)下,大豆中Pb含量有显著差异(p0.05),其平均值分别为0.19和0.27 mg·kg-1.在两种Pb梯度处理下富集系数的范围分别为0.003~0.014和0.002~0.012.16种大豆品种的富集系数在两种Pb梯度处理下均小于0.02,且存在显著差异(p0.05),表明大豆吸收的Pb主要积累在根部.大豆品种:垦丰16号、绥农28号、中黄35号和黑河35号被发现符合低铅积累大豆品种的标准.这4个品种的大豆被进一步用于评估Pb和其他矿质营养元素之间的相互作用,如Ca、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn和Zn.土壤中Pb含量会影响大豆对微量矿物营养元素的吸收,表现为土壤中高剂量Pb能抑制大豆对Ca、Cu、Fe、Mg和Zn的吸收,同时增加其对Mn的吸收和积累.     

连环湖牙门气泡沉积物重金属演化和污染研究

2010年8月在牙门气泡的湖心位置采集了柱状沉积岩心.采用HNO3-HClO4-HF联合消解并运用ICP-MS测试了柱状沉积岩心中金属元素Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Fe、Pb、Zn、Cd、Al、Ba、Ca、K、Li、Mg、Na和Sr的含量,结合沉积岩心年代测定,研究了该湖区沉积物重金属元素演化特征及污染历史.应用富集系数法探讨了湖泊重金属的污染特征.结果表明,1950年以前各元素含量变化趋势平稳,1950～1990年间波动较大,1990年以后金属元素Mn、Zn、Cd、Pb、Fe、Ni、Cr、Cu、Ca、Li和Sr浓度明显增加.牙门气泡重金属元素Mn、Zn、Cd、Pb存在轻微污染,而Ni、Cr和Cu无污染.     

泰山地区湿沉降中重金属的空间分布

为了解泰山地区湿沉降中重金属空间分布特征,于2006-01～2006-12在泰山山上和山下选择2个站点进行降水化学重金属对比分析研究,对68场降水样品用ICP-MS分析测定了Zn、Al、Mn、Fe、Pb、Cu、Ni、Cr、Cd、As等10种重金属.结果表明,山上和山下湿沉降中重金属含量较高,污染显著,元素Zn含量最高,占所有重金属总量的54%～57%,平均浓度分别为92 .94 μg/L和70 .41 μg/L,其次为Fe、Al、Mn.有毒重金属中Pb的含量较高,在2个站点降水中浓度分别为8 .04 μg/L和7 .79 μg/L.山上与山下湿沉降重金属的时间变化规律以及浓度比较表明,2个站点湿沉降重金属分布特征不同,受各自站点所处大气环境影响显著.站点降水的相关性分析表明,降水中Al、Mn、Fe、As、Cd、Pb等元素受2个站点降水气团影响显著,而Ni、Cu、Zn则可能还受其他因素影响.     

上海大气总悬浮颗粒物中金属的可溶性特征

大气颗粒物中金属的可溶性对于评估金属的生物可利用性和环境迁移性具有重要意义.采集上海大气总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)样品,利用高分辨率电感耦合等离子体质谱,测定经微循环淋溶提取的金属水、酸(p H=2)可溶含量,并计算水、酸溶解度.结果表明,大气TSP中金属的溶出是一个快速过程,仅需几分钟就达到溶解度最大值.Co、Cr和Cd的可溶含量较低,V、Ni、Cu处于中间,Fe、Al、Zn、Mn和Mg较高.结合大气后向轨迹分析,金属可溶含量受到气团来源的显著影响.多种金属的水、酸溶解度差异性较大,Fe水溶解度最小仅为2.0%,其次为Al、Cr、V、Pb、Co、Ni、Cu、Cd、Mn、Mg和Zn.金属溶解度随溶剂p H值的减小而增大.元素本身性质是影响金属溶解度的内在原因,且金属的离子势与水溶解度呈一定的负相关性.     

城市地表水表层沉积物重金属污染特征与潜在生态风险评估:以永康市为例

为了解永康市城区地表水沉积物中重金属的污染特征,对永康市122个地表水表层沉积物中Ti、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Pb和Fe共10种重金属含量进行分析,解析重金属的来源并评价其潜在生态风险.结果表明,10种重金属的含量顺序为:FeTiMnZnCrCuPbNiAsCo,与金衢盆地土壤重金属元素背景值相比,除Ti外,其它9种重金属超标1.17~3.78倍;大多数重金属之间存在极显著相关性,说明大多数重金属之间存在相似污染来源,主要为五金制造等工业污染和交通污染;地积累指数评价结果显示,沉积物中重金属的污染程度依次为:CrZnNiCuFeAsPbMnTi,Cr、Zn、Cu和Ni这4种元素部分样区达到中度污染或偏重污染;9种重金属潜在生态风险大小为:CuAsNiCrPbCoZnMnTi,Cu和As对综合生态风险指数平均贡献分别是22.84%和21.62%,其他7种元素平均贡献合计55.54%,综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)中89.34%为低生态风险,10.66%为中等生态风险.综合以上分析,永康市城区地表水沉积物重金属污染整体较轻,局部污染严重.     

泉州湾红树植物中重金属元素的分布与储量

用ICP-AES测定了泉州湾洛阳江河口红树植物桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)和秋茄(Kandelia candel)根际沉积物中重金属总量和有效态含量,以及这2种植物体内重金属的含量,探讨了该红树林湿地重金属元素的分布、富集和储量情况。结果表明,2种红树植物根际沉积物中重金属总量均表现为:Fe>Mn>Zn>V>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>Co>Cd,有效态含量均表现为:Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>V>Cr>Ni>Co>Cd,部分重金属具有一定潜在的有害生物效应;Fe、V在2种红树植物根部的含量最高,Mn在叶中的含量最高,其余重金属未有明显的统一规律;相关性分析表明,2种植物根中Cu和Zn,Pb和V、Co、Ni,Cr和Zn,Zn和V,V和Co、Ni,Co和Ni之间互有明显协同作用;除Mn在叶中存在较强的富集能力(富集系数大于1),2种红树植物对其余重金属元素的富集能力均较小,远达不到超富集植物的要求;秋茄和桐花树对Mn从根向叶的迁移能力最强,Cu、Cr、Zn在2种植物中的迁移系数均大于1,Cd在桐花树中的迁移系数也大于1,说明2种植物都有将这些元素向叶中输送的趋势,应注意其通过食物链富集作用引起的危害。2种红树植物中重金属总储量大小表现为:Mn>Fe(秋茄则Fe>Mn)>Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>V>Ni>Co>Cd,其中Mn和Fe的总储量之和分别占到了总储量的97.7%(桐花树)和99%(秋茄)。     

新疆阿拉尔垦区大气降尘中重金属时空分布特征

连续12个月对新疆阿拉尔垦区9个样点的3个不同高度处所采集的大气降尘中的重金属含量进行分析,结果表明:所测大气降尘中的5种重金属元素以铁的含量最高,铬的含量最低,其中铜、铁、锰及锌的含量均在4月份达到最大值,并且与降尘量之间有较好的线性关系。在不同的空间范围内,大气降尘中的重金属含量存在显著差异,其中铜、铁、锰的含量均随着高度的上升而呈现递增的趋势;铬的含量随高度的递增呈现递减趋势。     

Trace metals in atmospheric fine particles in one industrial urban city: Spatial variations, sources, and health implications

Trace metals in PM2.5were measured at one industrial site and one urban site during September, 2010 in Ji'nan, eastern China. Individual aerosol particles and PM2.5samples were collected concurrently at both sites. Mass concentrations of eleven trace metals(i.e., Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ba, and Pb) and one metalloid(i.e., As) were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES). The result shows that mass concentrations of PM2.5(130 μg/m3) and trace metals(4.03 μg/m3) at the industrial site were 1.3 times and 1.7 times higher than those at the urban site, respectively, indicating that industrial activities nearby the city can emit trace metals into the surrounding atmosphere. Fe concentrations were the highest among all the measured trace metals at both sites, with concentrations of 1.04 μg/m3at the urban site and 2.41 μg/m3at the industrial site, respectively. In addition, Pb showed the highest enrichment factors at both sites, suggesting the emissions from anthropogenic activities existed around the city. Correlation coefcient analysis and principal component analysis revealed that Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were originated from vehicular trafc and industrial emissions at both sites; As, Cr, and part of Pb from coal-fired power plant; Ba and Ti from natural soil. Based on the transmission electron microscopy analysis, we found that most of the trace metals were internally mixed with secondary sulfate/organic particles. These internally mixed trace metals in the urban air may have diferent toxic abilities compared with externally mixed trace metals.     

丛枝菌根对翅荚木生长及吸收累积重金属的影响

针对湖南某铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染严重问题,采用温室盆栽的方法,以该矿区污染土壤为基质,先锋植物翅荚木(Zenia insignis Chun)为宿主植物,研究摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae,Gm)和根内球囊霉(G.intraradices,Gi)两种丛枝菌根(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal,AM)真菌对翅荚木生长和吸收累积重金属的影响.结果表明,重金属污染条件下,两种AM真菌均能与翅荚木形成良好的共生关系,且AM真菌能够显著促进植物吸收磷,增加植物生物量,同时改变植物重金属吸收及分配.总体来说,AM降低了翅荚木体内Fe、Cu、Zn和Pd浓度,同时增加了Fe、Cu、Zn和Pd累积量.而两种AM真菌对植物体内重金属分配影响并不相同,而且受重金属种类影响,接种Gi降低了植物Fe、Zn和Pb的TF值,而接种Gm对植物Zn和Pb的TF值无影响,两种AM真菌对植物Cu的TF值均无影响,表明Gi具有能够强化翅荚木根系固持Fe、Zn和Pb的能力.本研究表明,AM真菌在翅荚木适应重金属污染中起着重要的积极作用,因而在重金属污染土壤的植物修复中具有极高的潜在应用价值,但在具体应用中需考虑菌种和植物组合及重金属类型等因素.     

钒钛磁铁矿尾矿库复垦土地及周边土壤-玉米重金属迁移富集特征

选取承德中部典型钒钛磁铁矿集中区为研究区,分尾矿库复垦土地、尾矿库周边农用地和对照区农用地系统采集了土壤样品和玉米样品各86件,尾矿砂样品50件,矿石和矿石围岩样品33件.在分析土壤和玉米籽实样品Fe、Cu、Ni、Cd、Cr、Pb、Zn、Hg、Ti、Mn和Mo元素含量和土壤、尾矿砂和矿石围岩重金属赋存形态基础上,采用描述性统计、地累积指数、RDA分析和生物富集系数等方法论述了钒钛磁铁矿尾矿库复垦土地及周边土壤和玉米重金属迁移富集特征.结果表明,尾矿库复垦土地及周边土壤元素地累积程度由强至弱为：P > Cu > Fe₂O₃ > Cr > Ti > V > Ni > Mn > Cd > Zn > Mo > As > Pb > Hg,重金属地累积程度总体属无累积-中度累积水平,土壤Cr和Cu元素超农用地土壤污染筛选值比例为2.32%和1.16%.尾矿库及周边地区玉米籽实Fe、Ti、As、Pb和Mn元素相对较高,对照区玉米籽实Mo、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Cr元素含量相对较高.玉米籽实Pb、As和Ni含量超国家食品限量标准比例分别为18.60%、11.63%和1.16%,均位于尾矿库及其周边区域.尾矿库复垦土地玉米籽实As、Pb、Cd、Cr、Ti和Mn元素生物富集强度相对最高,对照区玉米籽实Cu、Zn和Mo生物富集程度相对较高.尾矿库及周边土壤重金属生物有效态占比Cd元素最高,达50.17%;其次为Ni、Zn和Cu,平均占比为13.61%、13.23%和5.17%.与对照区土壤样品相比,尾矿库复垦土地土壤样品Pb、As和Hg元素表现为总量低,但生物有效性含量和土壤pH高;Cu和Zn总量高但生物有效含量和pH较低特点,使得尾矿库及其周边土壤As和Pb生物富集强度相对增大.在研究矿区尾矿库复垦土地和矿区周边土壤重金属污染生态风险和修复目标值时,宜以重金属生物有效态限值为评价标准.