三元土壤调理剂对田间水稻镉砷累积转运的影响

通过镉砷复合污染稻田的土壤调理剂原位治理,研究了三元土壤调理剂QFJ（羟基磷灰石+沸石+改性秸秆炭）对稻田土壤基本理化性质和水稻各部位镉砷累积转运的影响.结果表明,在土壤Cd总量3.58 mg·kg^-1,As总量124.79 mg·kg^-1污染程度下,施用QFJ后,水稻根际土壤pH值、阳离子交换量及有机质含量有增大的趋势;土壤交换态Cd和As含量可分别从0.37 mg·kg^-1、0.07 mg·kg^-1下降到0.12 mg·kg^-1、0.04 mg·kg^-1.QFJ的施用,可有效降低水稻各部位中Cd和As含量,在9.00 t·hm^-2施用量水平,可将糙米中Cd含量从0.46 mg·kg^-1下降到0.18 mg·kg^-1,无机As含量从0.25 mg·kg^-1降低到0.16 mg·kg^-1,同时低于国家食品污染物限量标准0.2 mg·kg^-1的要求,实现水稻安全生产.施用QFJ减少了水稻根系对Cd和As的富集,降低了水稻植株将Cd从地下部转运到地上部的能力,降低了根系转运Cd的能力以及茎叶、谷壳转运As的能力.     

棉秆炭对碱性水稻土壤-水稻中镉迁移转化的阻控作用

为研究棉花秸秆生物质炭添加对碱性水稻土壤-水稻体系中镉迁移转化的影响,通过室外盆栽试验,以水稻品种特丰优2号为试验材料,在添加外源镉含量为0、1、4和8 mg·kg^-1的碱性水稻土中分别施入炭土质量比分别为0%、1%、2.5%和5%的棉花秸秆生物质炭,待水稻收获后,分析不同含量镉胁迫处理下,施用不同量棉秆炭对碱性水稻土壤pH、养分和水稻体内镉富集、转移情况及镉在土壤中的赋存形态的影响.结果表明：①添加棉秆炭可以显著提高土壤养分（P<0.05）,其中5%量的棉秆炭添加后,相比于对照组土壤有机质增加了25.74~47.53%,速效钾提高了3.16~4.25倍.②施用生物质炭可以显著降低土壤及水稻体内镉含量（P<0.05）,尤其5%量的棉秆炭施用后,Cd4和Cd8含量下糙米镉含量分别由0.31 mg·kg^-1和0.43 mg·kg^-1降低到0.15 mg·kg^-1和0.10 mg·kg^-1,达到国家标准范围.生物质炭可以显著降低镉在土壤-水稻体系的富集、转移系数,并使残渣态镉含量增多,弱酸提取态、可还原态、可氧化态镉含量显著降低（P<0.05）.③土壤pH、电导率和养分各指标与水稻体内镉含量和土壤中弱酸提取态、可还原态和可氧化态镉含量有极显著负相关关系,与残渣态镉含量呈正相关关系（P<0.05）.上述研究结果说明,棉秆炭的施用可增加土壤养分,对碱性水稻土和水稻体内镉的富集、转化有显著的阻控作用.     

钝化剂对轻中度镉污染农田的安全利用效果

为研究酸性镉（Cd）污染土壤安全利用问题,以陕西商洛轻中度Cd污染农田为研究对象,分别施加生石灰、生物炭和钙镁磷肥,通过小麦-玉米轮作试验,探究不同用量钝化剂对Cd污染土壤的安全利用效果,筛选出最佳的钝化剂配比.结果表明：①通过钝化剂的施加,能不同程度地改善土壤质量.②施用钝化剂后,小麦和玉米的籽粒产量均有不同程度地提高.③3种钝化剂可有效地提升土壤pH值和降低土壤有效态Cd含量,生石灰2 340 kg·hm^-2（C3）处理效果最佳,分别增加小麦和玉米土壤pH 1.453和1.717单位,减少有效态Cd含量34.38%和30.20%.④施加生物炭1 800 kg·hm^-2（B2）处理对降低小麦根系、秸秆和籽粒Cd含量效果最好,较CK分别显著降低了53.60%、38.86%和52.96%,其小麦籽粒ω（Cd）降低至0.09 mg·kg^-1,低于《食品安全国家标准 食品中污染物限量》（GB 2762-2017）中规定的小麦Cd限量值（0.1 mg·kg^-1）;施加生物炭1 260 kg·hm^-2（B1）处理对降低玉米根系、秸秆和籽粒Cd含量综合效果最佳,较CK分别显著降低43.74%、53.20%和94.57%,其玉米籽粒ω（Cd）降低至0.001 9 mg·kg^-1,远低于《食品安全国家标准 食品中污染物限量》（GB 2762-2017）中规定的玉米Cd限量值（0.1 mg·kg^-1）.因此,在田间试验条件下,综合考虑各项指标的影响,生物炭在轻中度Cd污染的小麦-玉米轮作区农田土壤效果最好.     

改性西瓜皮生物炭的制备及其对Pb (Ⅱ)的吸附特性

以西瓜皮为原料,使用硫化铵[（NH₄）₂S]对其改性制备生物炭（MBC）,用于对Pb （Ⅱ）进行吸附.探究了溶液pH、吸附时间、吸附剂添加量、Pb （Ⅱ）初始质量浓度和离子强度等因素对Pb （Ⅱ）吸附效果的影响.结果表明,饱和吸附时间为5 h,吸附反应的最佳pH为6,当Pb （Ⅱ）初始质量浓度1000 mg·L^-1,吸附剂添加量为2.0 g·L^-1时,MBC对Pb （Ⅱ）的最大吸附量可达97.63 mg·g^-1,明显高于未改性西瓜皮生物炭（BC）对Pb （Ⅱ）的吸附量.改性西瓜皮生物炭对Pb （Ⅱ）的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和拟二级动力学模型,证明吸附以单分子层化学吸附为主.使用氢氧化钠溶液对吸附Pb （Ⅱ）之后的MBC进行解吸来研究MBC的可重复使用性,在第六次循环中吸附量仍达64.74 mg·g^-1.采用傅立叶转换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、氮吸附（BET）、扫描电镜-能谱分析（SEM-EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）和Zeta电位对吸附剂进行表征分析,发现吸附机制主要是MBC含氧和MBC含硫基团通过络合作用和沉淀作用来吸附Pb （Ⅱ）.因此,硫化铵改性西瓜皮生物炭可以作为一种高效的Pb （Ⅱ）吸附剂.     

柠檬酸及刈割强化象草修复镉污染土壤的效应

为研究低分子有机酸柠檬酸与农艺措施刈割强化象草修复镉（Cd）污染土壤的效应,开展象草盆栽种植试验.试验中柠檬酸设置单次1.25、2.5和5 mmol·kg^-1施用水平;刈割设置0、1和2次.结果表明：①在柠檬酸施用量为1.25 mmol·kg^-1且刈割1次时,象草地上部生物量增幅最大达39.11%,高剂量柠檬酸施用和多次刈割不利于生物量的增长;②柠檬酸施用和刈割均有增大象草茎和叶Cd含量的效应,刈割措施中最后一茬收获的象草茎Cd含量较大,且在m_B（柠檬酸）5 mmol·kg^-1施用下可将茎ω（Cd）增大到18.53 mg·kg^-1,相比第一茬增大约6倍;③柠檬酸施用和刈割措施能够降低象草根际土壤pH和有机质,对土壤总Cd含量和Cd的TCLP含量也能分别最大幅度降低14.29%和10.17%;④在m_B（柠檬酸）施用量为1.25 mmol·kg^-1且刈割1次时,象草植物提取Cd的效果最佳,地上部位Cd提取量达到6.95 mg·株^-1,占盆栽试供土壤Cd总量的9.38%.未来利用象草修复Cd污染土壤时,可考虑将1.25 mmol·kg^-1柠檬酸施用和刈割1次相结合,以提高修复效率.     

改性污泥基生物炭的性质与重金属吸附效果

为提高污泥基生物炭在高钙溶液体系中对重金属阳离子的吸附能力,将Fe₂O₃、MnO₂、ZnO与市政污泥以质量比1 ∶10（以过渡金属元素质量计）混合共热解,制备改性生物炭;表征改性生物炭的组成、官能团分布和表面性质,考察其对典型重金属阳离子Cd²⁺的吸附效果.过渡金属氧化物可促进污泥的热解,改性生物炭的H/C原子比均低于0.31,碳链裂解脱氢更彻底.改性生物炭中Fe、Mn保留较好,分别主要以单质和氧化物形态存在;而Zn流失较多.改性生物炭中的孔隙以介孔为主,平均孔径约3.8 nm,比表面积在50 m²·g^-1以上.初始浓度约200 mg·L^-1的Cd²⁺溶液中,Ca²⁺初始浓度从0 mg·L^-1升高到约200 mg·L^-1,Fe改性生物炭对Cd²⁺的吸附容量从43.17 mg·g^-1降至27.88 mg·g^-1,但仍较未改性生物炭高10 mg·g^-1以上,在含钙溶液体系中表现出了对Cd²⁺更强的吸附性能.Fe₂O₃较MnO₂和ZnO对市政污泥基生物炭吸附重金属的强化效果更好.     

干湿交替灌溉制度下纳米修复材料对杂交籼稻籽粒Cd累积及产量的影响

干湿交替灌溉具有节水高产特性,但在重金属Cd污染稻田,干湿交替灌溉常导致稻米Cd含量>0.20 mg·kg^-1,通过添加钝化剂可能对水分高效利用及优质稻米生产具有显著的调控效应.为此,本研究以吸收能力较强的籼型亚种为试材,在前期筛选出的高积累品种（深两优1813）和低积累品种（两优6206）基础上,于Cd轻度污染稻田设置灌溉制度和钝化剂双因素多水平处理开展大田小区试验.结果表明,干湿交替灌溉下,成熟期土壤有效态Cd含量较移栽前降低17.13%~61.01%,而传统淹灌水稻的降低幅度为-43.45%~21.07%,干湿交替灌溉较传统淹灌表现出显著降低土壤有效态Cd含量（P<0.05）.水稻植株地上部各器官Cd含量则表现为干湿交替灌溉处理明显高于传统淹水灌溉处理.不同钝化剂处理相比较,多孔纳米陶瓷+石灰处理对于降低土壤有效态Cd含量和籽粒Cd含量效果最好,显著优于多孔纳米陶瓷、石灰+有机肥、石灰+生物炭、石灰及不施任何钝化剂处理（P<0.05）.深两优1813和两优6206在多孔纳米陶瓷+石灰组合修复模式下的籽粒Cd含量分别为0.23~0.24 mg·kg^-1和0.16~0.21 mg·kg^-1.产量在灌溉制度、品种、钝化剂处理间差异不显著（P>0.05）.干湿交替灌溉的籽粒Cd含量在多孔纳米陶瓷+石灰组合模式下存在超标风险（深两优1813品种为0.24 mg·kg^-1;两优6206品种为0.21 mg·kg^-1）,但通过选用低积累品种,籽粒Cd含量具有可预见性的达标（<0.20 mg·kg^-1）潜力.因此,干湿交替灌溉+多孔纳米陶瓷和石灰组合修复模式+低积累品种可视为Cd轻度污染稻田节水高产优质稻米的调优生产模式.     

PE-Cd复合污染土壤中Cd释放迁移特征及机制

微塑料广泛分布于土壤环境中,不仅改变了土壤的理化性质还可富集重金属等污染物,进而影响它们在环境中的归趋.目前,有关微塑料对土壤中重金属运移影响的作用机制尚不清晰.选取聚乙烯（PE）微塑料和Cd为研究对象,在明确PE对Cd²⁺吸附作用机制的基础上,通过土柱淋溶实验研究了不同离子强度和类型（Ca²⁺、Na⁺）下,PE含量和粒径对土壤中Cd释放迁移行为的影响.结果表明,PE对Cd²⁺的吸附能力随粒径的增大而降低,以物理吸附为主,受颗粒内扩散过程控制.PE对Cd释放迁移的影响与CaCl₂浓度有关,高离子强度下（0.05 mol·L^-1和0.1 mol·L^-1）,PE促进了Cd²⁺的迁移,Cd²⁺的出流浓度分别由6.48 mg·L^-1和16.79 mg·L^-1升高到7.12 mg·L^-1和23.45 mg·L^-1;低离子强度下（0.01 mol·L^-1）抑制了Cd的迁移,Cd²⁺的出流浓度由0.66 mg·L^-1降低至0.57 mg·L^-1; 且PE添加量越大,促进或抑制作用越显著.同时,Cd的释放迁移也受PE粒径和含量的影响,当添加量较小（1%、4%）时,大粒径对Cd²⁺迁移的促进效果更加显著;而当添加量较大（7%和20%）时,小粒径更易促进Cd²⁺的迁移.当淋溶液为NaCl时,土壤的渗透性显著降低,PE对Cd的迁移无显著影响,但改变了土壤团聚体的稳定性.总之,微塑料改变了土壤中Cd的释放迁移行为,作用结果不仅与微塑料的粒径和含量有关,还受土壤溶液化学性质的影响.     

不同镉水平下纳米沸石对土壤pH、CEC及Cd形态的影响

通过室内培养试验及土培试验研究了不同镉水平（1、5、10和15 mg·kg^-1）下纳米沸石和普通沸石对土壤pH、CEC及Cd形态的影响.结果表明,室内培养试验中,施用沸石（5、10和20 g·kg^-1）均显著提高了不同镉（1、5、10和15 mg·kg^-1）处理中的土壤pH和土壤CEC值,降低了土壤可交换态镉含量,增加了碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化态、有机态和残渣态镉含量,以纳米沸石（20 g·kg^-1）对土壤可交换态镉的降低效果最好.土壤pH、土壤CEC与土壤可交换态镉含量呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）,与铁锰氧化态镉含量均呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）.土培试验中,在1 mg·kg^-1和5 mg·kg^-1 Cd条件下,施用沸石（5、10和20 g·kg^-1）使土壤可交换态镉FDC降低了6.4%~63.2%,使大白菜地上部去离子水提取态镉和乙醇提取态镉的分配比例分别降低了2.1%~56%和11.8%~100%,相同沸石使用量下的降低效果以纳米沸石优于普通沸石.在1 mg·kg^-1 Cd条件下,大白菜地上部镉形态的FDC与土壤CAB-F和OM-F的FDC有显著相关性（P<0.05）;在5 mg·kg^-1 Cd条件下,大白菜地上部镉形态的FDC主要与土壤OM-F和RES-F形态的FDC存在显著相关性（P<0.05）.     

木屑生物炭在雨水径流中的氮磷淋出和吸附特性

现阶段生物滞留系统的填料存在氮磷营养素淋出及吸附净化效果不稳定的问题.为评估木屑生物炭作为生物滞留系统过滤层填料的可行性,选用传统填料（椰糠、堆肥、陶粒和火山石）作为对比材料,通过理化性质测试、批量淋洗实验、等温吸附和解吸实验,研究木屑生物炭的基本性质、淋出特性和吸附特性,探究木屑生物炭对生物滞留系统的优化效果与改良机制.结果表明,经高温热解生成的木屑生物炭具有疏松和多孔的特性,饱和含水率为195.65%,持水效果好;热解后木屑生物炭表面的氮磷元素转换为稳定的化合物,在批量淋洗实验中其氮素淋出量低、淋出速度快,磷素淋出滞缓但在人造雨水径流的淋洗中保持线型负值增长,吸附效果稳定;在典型雨水径流浓度（2mg·L^-1的NH₄⁺及2mg·L^-1的PO₄^3-）下,木屑生物炭可吸附34.6mg·kg^-1的NH₄⁺和59.5mg·kg^-1的PO₄^3-,具有突出的综合吸附能力;NH₄⁺及PO₄^3-吸附平衡后的木屑生物炭在去离子水中的平均解吸率为21.23%和17.43%,吸附效果稳定.综上所述,木屑生物炭的施用可解决填料营养盐过剩淋出的问题,且具有较好的氮磷吸附效果,可用作生物滞留系统的填料解决雨水径流污染问题.     

Distribution and ecological effect of mercury in Laogang landfill, Shanghai, China

Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury （HgT）, combinative mercury （Hgc） and gaseous mercury （HgG）, and content of total organic carbon （TOC）, but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of （HgG,/HgT）1992〉（HgG/HgT）1996〉〉（HgG/HgT）2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn： with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants （e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum） are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.     

EDTA-enhanced phytoremediation of lead contaminated soil by Bidens maximowicziana

Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.     

Decomposition of alachlor by ozonation and its mechanism

Decomposition and corresponding mechanism of alachlor, an endocrine disruptor in water by ozonation were investigated. Results showed that alachlor could not be completely mineralized by ozone alone. Many intermediates and final products were formed during the process, including aromatic compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids, and inorganic ions. In evoluting these products, some of them with weak polarity were qualitatively identified by GC-MS. The information of inorganic ions suggested that the dechlorination was the first and the fastest step in the ozonation of alachlor.     

Enzymatic oxidation of aqueous pentachlorophenol

The influence of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 on pentachlorophenol （PCP） oxidation catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase was studied. The surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above its critical micelle concentration （CMC）. Enhancement of PCP removal was observed at sub-CMCs. The presence of Tween 80 in the reaction mixture reduced enzyme inactivation which occurred through a combination of free radical attack and sorption by precipitated products. A simple first-order model was able to simulate time profiles for enzyme inactivation in the presence or absence of Tween 80. At supra-CMCs, the surfactant caused noticeable reductions in PCP removal, presumably through micelle partitioning of PCP which precluded the hydrophobic PCP molecule from interacting with the enzyme.     

基于综合水质标识指数和对应分析法的校园河道水质评价

以三峡大学的校园河道求索溪为研究对象,利用综合水质标识指数法确定求索溪水质类别,分析其水质时空变化规律,并利用对应分析法得出求索溪中不同监测点的主要污染因子.研究结果表明:求索溪整体的综合水质标识指数为7.423,整体水质为劣V类(地表水环境质量标准GB 3838-2002)且黑臭.从时间变化来看,求索溪4月份的水质最差,5月份次之,4、5月份所有监测点的水质都劣于V类且黑臭;8月份水质最好,水质为Ⅳ类;从空间分布来看,8个监测点综合水质标识指数均超过6.0,水质为劣V类,其中6号监测点的水质相对最好,监测点3号的水质相对最差;对应分析法得出求索溪的整体水体污染程度受总氮因子的影响最大,其次为总磷.该研究拟为求索溪及类似校园河道的水环境治理研究提供基础依据和参考.     

Effects of chitosan on growth of an aquatic plant (Hydrilla verticillata) in polluted waters with different chemical oxygen demands

Effects of chitosan on a submersed plant, Hydrilla verticillata, were investigated. Results indicated that H. venicillata could prevent ultrastructure phytotoxicities and oxidativereaction from polluted water with high chemical oxygen demand (COD). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in H. verticillata treated with 0.1% chitosan in wastewater increased with high COD (980 mg/L) and decreased with low COD (63 mg/L), respectively. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the stroma and grana of chloroplast basically remained normal. However, plant cells from the control experiment (untreated with chitosan) were vacuolated and the cell interval increased. The relict of protoplast moved to the center, with cells tending to disjoint. Our findings indicate that wastewater with high COD concentration can cause a substantial damage to submersed plant, nevertheless, chitosan probably could alleviate the membrane lipid peroxidization and ultrastructure phytotoxicities, and protect plant cells from stress of high COD concentration polluted water.     

Removal of cadmium using MnO2 loaded D301 resin

MnO2 loaded weak basic anion exchange resin D301 （Anion exchange resin, macroreticular weak basic styrene） as adsorbent has been prepared and applied to the removal of cadmium. The adsorption characteristics have been investigated with respect to effect of pH, equilibrium isotherms, removal kinetic data, and interference of the coexisting ions. The results indicated that the Cd^2＋ could be efficiently removed using MnO2 loaded D301 resin in the pH range of 3-8 from aqueous solutions with the co-existence of high concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions. The saturate adsorption capacity of the Cd^2＋ was 77.88 mg/g. The adsorption process followed the pseudo first-order kinetics. The equilibrium data obtained in this study accorded excellently with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.     

Effect of coagulation pretreatment on the fouling of ultrafiltration membrane

The purpose of this study is to understand the effect and mechanism of preventing membrane fouling, by coagulation pretreatment, in terms of fractional component and molecular weight of natural organic matter （NOM）. A relatively higher molecular weight （MW） of hydrophobic compounds was responsible for a rapid decline in the ultrafiltration flux. Coagulation could effectively remove the hydrophobic organics, resulting in the increase of flux. It was found that a lower MW of neutral hydrophilic compounds, which could remove inadequately by coagulation, was responsible for the slow declining flux. The fluxes in the filtration of coagulated water and supernatant water were compared and the results showed that a lower MW of neutral hydrophilic compounds remained in the supernatant water after coagulation could be rejected by a membrane, resulting in fouling. It was also found that the coagulated flocs could absorb neutral hydrophilic compounds effectively. Therefore, with the coagulated flocs formed on the membrane surface, the flux decline could be improved.     

Penetration analysis of elements and bioleaching treatment of spent refractory for recycling

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC23270 and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans TM-32 were used for bioleaching of spent refractories of aluminium and copper melting furnaces for their recycling.Firstly,penetration of elements into aluminium melting furnace refractory was investigated and it was found that up to 7 cm from surface was contaminated.Comparison on leaching efficiency by the strains ATCC23270 and TM-32 found that the strain ATCC23270 could treat larger amount of the refractories than the strain TM-32 could do.In the experiment of bioleaching of spent refractory aluminium melting furnace by the strain ATCC23270,high leaching efficiency were obtained on Al,Si,and Ca,and extremely low leaching performance was,however,shown on the rest of elements i.e.,Na,Mn,and Zn.Under the strain TM-32 use,relatively high leaching performance was recognized on Al,Si,Ca,Na,Mn,and Zn.In the experiment of bioleaching for spent refractory copper melting furnace,almost the same leaching trends were shown on Cu,Zn,Al,and Si under the strains ACTT23270 and TM-32 uses.     

Simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate by zeolite synthesized from coal fly ash as influenced by acid treatment

Zeolite synthesized from fly ash （ZFA） without modification is not efficient for the purification of NH4＋ and phosphate at low concentrations that occur in real effluents, despite the high potential removal capacity. To develop an effective technique to enhance the removal efficiency of ammonium and phosphate at low concentrations, ZFA was modified with acid treatment and the simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate in a wide range of concentration was investigated. It was seen that when compared with untreated ZFA, only the treatment by 0.01 mol/L of H2SO4 significantly improved the removal efficiency of ammonium at low initial concentrations. The behavior was well explained by the pH effect. Treatment by more concentrated H2SO4 led to the deterioration of the ZFA structure and a decrease in the cation exchange capacity. Treatment by 0.01 mol/L H2SO4 improved the removal efficiency of phosphate by ZFA at all initial P concentrations, while the treatment by concentrated H2SO4 （≥0.9 mol/L） resulted in a limited maximum phosphate immobilization capacity （PIC）. It was concluded that through a previous mild acid treatment （e.g. 0.01 mol/L of H2SO4）, ZFA can be used in the simultaneous removal of NH4＋ and P at low concentrations simulating real effluent.