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1.
IntroductionRecently,someinstallationswithspecialconstructionforextractingcontaminantgas,suchasanexhausttoweroftheundergroundtunnel,etc.weresetupinurbanandindustrialcomplexareas.Theeffectsoftheseconstructionsontheflowandtherebyonthelocaldispersionoft…  相似文献   

2.
IntroductionBeforethe 1 980sconventionaltreatmentprocessesofphenolswastewateraresolventextraction ,physicaladsorption ,chemicaloxidationandaerobicbiologicalprocess.Amongthebiologicalunitprocessesactivatedsludgeprocessismainone.Afterthe 1 980sanaerobicbiologic…  相似文献   

3.
Informational uncertainties of risk assessment about accidents of chemicals   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
IntroductionTheaccidentalriskassessmentofthechemicalsisafrontierscienceandtechnologyreferredtobothenvironmentalscienceandsafetytechnology .Inrecentyearsmanyresearchworkersinthisfieldhavedoneit.Theanalysisofchemicalaccidentsmainlyincludedthattheleakage…  相似文献   

4.
IntroductionInaquaticecosystemsbiologicalcommunitiesareremarkablycomplexinboththeiroperationandresponsetoanthropogenicactivities.Thishasledmanyinvestigatorstoconductlaboratoryandfieldstudiesforevaluatingtheecologicalriskposedbyhumanstoecosystem(Cairns…  相似文献   

5.
1 IntroductionParticlesinnaturalwatersareoftentoosmalltobeeffectivelyremovedbytheseseparationtechniques.Theprocessofcoagulation/flocculationcausesfineparticlestoaggregateintolargerunits(flocs)whichcanbemoreeasilyseparated.Inwatertreatmentsaltsofalumi…  相似文献   

6.
IntroductionHydrolysisisthereactionofchemicalswithwaterandalsoanimportantenvironmentalprocessoforganicpollutants.Hydrolysisofsyntheticorganiccompoundsoccursviaseveralpathwayswhichinvolvethespecific acid , baseandneutralprocesses.Inaddition ,waterdissocia…  相似文献   

7.
IntroductionWatercontaminantsincludealargenumberofchemicalsrangingfromaromatichydrocarbons,organicsolvents,pesticidesandmetals.Heavymetalcontaminationiscommonlyfoundinareaswhereindustrialeffluentsaredischargedintonaturalwaters .Theharmfuleffectsofsuchm…  相似文献   

8.
1 SomequestionsandanswersaboutcomplexityThefirstsentenceinanydiscussionaboutthescienceofcitiesusuallycontainstheword“complexity”.Oneofthemostobviousformsthistakesisthesheerphysicalandspatialcomplexityofthecityasanobject.Thereis,however,inmosturbanres…  相似文献   

9.
IntroductionTheprocessofmunicipalsolidwaste(MSW)isoneofthemostseriousissuesintermsofenvironmentalprotection.ProcessingofMSWwithoutfurtherdisastrouscontaminationcanbeachievedonlyinmodernizedmeasures,suchasincineratingandenergygeneratingconcurrently(Shen…  相似文献   

10.
1 IntroductionMercury(Hg)asaglobalpollutanthascausedconcernworldwidesincetheendof 1980s.Itisemittedtotheatmospherefrombothanthropogenicandnaturalsources.Importantsourceoftheformeristhedischargefrom productionanduseofHgaswellasthecombustionoffossilfuels(Nri…  相似文献   

11.
IntroductionTheuseofwastewaterinagricultureisofsupremeimportanceinaridandsemi aridcountries.Insuchcountrieswaterisbecominganincreasinglyscareresourceandplannersareforcedtoconsideranysourceofwaterwhichmightbeusedeconomicallyandeffectivelytopromotefurth…  相似文献   

12.
IntroductionFertilizationisessentialforagriculturalproduction ,butunreasonablyapplyingfertilizerscouldresultinseriesofproblemssuchascropqualitydecline,fertilizeruseefficiencydecrease,residualfertilizerspollution groundwaterandriversandnitrogencontented …  相似文献   

13.
IntroductionThereisagrowingawarenesstotheimportanceofairpollutioninmajorcites.Anumberofstudieshaveshownthattheconcentrationsofcertaintraceelementsintheurbanatmospherehavebeenelevatedby pollution ,andtherefore ,thehighestconcentrationsofthesechemicalcont…  相似文献   

14.
IntroductionBecauseofthelowefficiencyoftheelectrostaticprecipitator (ESP)forcollectingthesubmicronparticles ,theelectricalagglomerationmethodhasledtoanincreasinginterestinreducingtheemissionofthefineparticles .Manyauthorshavestudiedelectricalagglomerati…  相似文献   

15.
1 BackgroundIngeochemicalcirculation ,variouspollutantswithadverseimpacts (e .g .,toxicity ,mutagenicityandlethality)areusuallyassociatedwithheterogeneousparticles,predominantlyclayminerals .Generally ,thepropertiesofthesecomplexparticlesshouldbedescribedusin…  相似文献   

16.
Analysis on the long term discharge of a catchment   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
IntroductionItiswellknownthatthecharacteristicsofthecatchmentdischargewillchangewithlanduse.Inthispaper,thefocusistodiscussthemodeloflongtermdischargeofcatchmentwhichincludestwokindsoflanduse :oneisforestattheupperpartofthecatchment,anotherispaddyfield…  相似文献   

17.
IntroductionPolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons (PAHs)arewidespreadenvironmentalpollutantsintheatmosphere.Theyaregeneratedinthecombustion .Themajorsourcesidentifiedincludefossilfuels,vehiculartraffic,industrialprocesses,smokinganddomesticheating (Peltonen ,1995) .T…  相似文献   

18.
IntroductionThedeclineinoutputofsoilresourcesinrecentyearshasarousedgreaterinterestfromseveralcircles,includingenvironmentalists,policymakers,soilscientists ,andfarmers,suggestingtheneedforcontinuousevaluationofthepotentialenduranceofcurrentagricultural…  相似文献   

19.
IntroductionInrecentyears,moreandmoreevidencesshowthatgreenhousegasesemissionshavebeguntoinfluenceglobalclimate.Greenhouseeffectisoneofthemostrigorouschallengesnowadaysweface.Sincebothcauseandimpactofclimatechangeareglobal,thewholeworldshouldtakeacti…  相似文献   

20.
IntroductionOzoneisanairpollutantformedthroughaseriesofphotochemicalreactionintroposphereandisoneofthemostimportantphytotoxicairpollutants.Ingeneral,directemissionofozonefromanthropogenicsourcesisnegligibleinthefreetroposphere .Accordingtothestudyonfor…  相似文献   

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