漆酶对染料的脱色研究

利用来源于白毒鹅膏菌的粗漆酶与12种工业染料反应,结果发现其中7种染料颜色能被脱除.研究了直接影响黑G和中性黄GL的漆酶脱色的相关因素.试验发现,这两种染料在1h内与漆酶反应迅速,且特征颜色吸收峰(600nm/440nm )基本消失,其最适温度均为50℃、最适反应pH值范围分别为5-6和3-4,酶活力的增加可显著提高反应速率,但对总脱色率影响不大.在pH值为5、温度40℃条件下,5U/ml的漆酶与直接黑G和中性黄GL反应的Km值分别为3.2mg/L和25.1mg/L,Vmax值分别为2.70mg/L·min和3.25mg/L·min.     

固定化真菌漆酶对分散兰-2BLN的脱色和降解

采用改良壳聚糖固定化的真菌漆酶对染料分散兰-2BLN进行脱色和降解条件的研究，探索了固定化漆酶活力、处理时间、染料浓度、温度和pH对其降解效果的影响。结果表明，固定化漆酶脱色降解分散兰-2BLN的适宜条件为：固定化漆酶活力18.2U／mL，染料浓度100mg／L，温度40℃，pH4.6，在上述条件下降解1.5h，分散兰-2BLN脱色率能达到87.68％。重复分批使用固定化漆酶处理2BLN兰，在使用6批次后，脱色率仍能保持在55％以上，其催化效率得到了较大提高。     

青霉菌X5对活性艳蓝KN-R脱色研究

采用梯度平板筛选法，从染布厂废水池污泥中分离到一株对蒽醌染料KN－R有较强脱色能力的青霉菌X5（Penicillium sp.)，并考察该菌在不同温度，pH，培养时间，染料浓度，菌量及不同碳源氮源条件下对活性艳蓝KN－R的脱色情况，结果表明,在20－40℃温度范围内该菌对活性艳蓝KN－R的脱色率均在95％以上，其最佳脱色温度为25℃，pH为4．0，培养时间为48h，染料浓度，菌量对染料脱色有一定影响，该菌对碳源、氮源具有较宽适应范围，在最佳条件下，该菌对染料的脱色率达99．3％。     

蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R的化学氧化脱色和矿化

研究了使用NaClO化学氧化处理活性艳蓝KN-R模拟染料废水。分别以592nm、380nm、255nm波长处的吸光值为主要指标,跟踪染料的脱色降解。考察了NaClO投加量、染料浓度、温度和13H值等主要因素对模拟废水脱色的影响。结果表明：用NaClO化学氧化处理0．1mmolL^-1的活性艳蓝KN-R模拟染料废水,当NaClO与染料的摩尔比为18,T=30℃,13H值为7时,反应30分钟,脱色率可达到100％。pH值对脱色和TOC的去除有很大影响,酸性或中性条件下,染料快速脱色,30分钟后吸光值基本恒定,反应6个小时TOC的去除仍不明显;碱性条件下,染料缓慢脱色,但反应6个小时TOC的去除率可以达到40％左右。     

无花果曲霉菌丝球对活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色研究

生物吸附法是染料废水处理中很有前途的一种方法。本文将培养的无花果曲霉菌丝球用于蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色，研究了培养时间、温度、转速、pH值及盐浓度、不同碳源、不同氮源对菌丝球脱色的影响；比较了活菌与死菌的脱色效果；探讨了菌丝球重复利用对脱色率的影响。结果表明：培养时间为72h，温度为33℃，转速为150rpm，pH值为6．0，盐浓度为0.5％，以乳糖为碳源、硝酸钠为氮源时，菌丝球对活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色效果最好：活菌对染料的吸附性能比死菌好；菌丝球在重复利用了四次后，脱色率仍达85．7％。     

金针菇产漆酶发酵条件的优化

采用液体摇瓶培养方法,探讨了碳源、氮源、pH值、培养时间等各种因素对金针菇分泌漆酶能力的影响,并采用正交试验对主要的影响因素进行了优化.优化培养条件为:pH在5.0-6.0范围内有利于金针菇漆酶的分泌,且以pH5.5为最佳;以葡萄糖为最佳碳源,尿素为最佳氮源,Cu2+浓度为60μmol/L有利于漆酶的分泌.正交试验表明,葡萄糖20g/L、尿素2g/L、250mL容量瓶中装液量50mL、pH5.5,以邻联甲苯胺作底物,经7d培养,金针菇漆酶酶活达最高峰,峰值酶活为328U/mL.     

ClO_2对活性艳红K—2G和分散蓝2BLN染料的脱色研究

本论文主要利用自制高纯二氧化氯对两种常用且结构具有代表性的活性艳红K— 2G和分散蓝 2BLN料染 ,进行氧化脱色研究 ,作了温度 ,pH值 ,二氧化氯用量等条件试验 ,并用实际印染废水进行了实验 ,取得了良好的效果。在室温时 ,t =5min～ 7min ,pH值偏碱性条件下 ,单一染料溶液及混合染料溶液的脱色率均达到 90 %以上 ,实际印染废水的脱色也在 90 %左右。pH值、温度和ClO2 用量等多种因素对脱色率均有一定的影响 :pH值越高 ,染料脱色率越高。ClO2 用量存在一最佳值 ,与活性艳红K— 2G及分散蓝 2BLN染料的最佳摩尔比分别为 4 0及 2 0左右。ClO2 耗量随染料起始浓度的增大而增加 (脱色率相同时 )     

ClO2对活性艳红K—2G和分散蓝2BLN染料的脱色研究

本论文主要利用自制高纯二氧化氯对两种常用且结构具有代表性的活性艳红K－2G和分散蓝2BLN料染,进行氧化脱色研究,作了温度,pHWFHG,二氧化氯用量等条件试验,并用实际印染废水进行了实验,取得了良好的效果。在室温时,t=5min-7min,pH值偏碱性条件下,单一染料溶液及混痊染料溶液的脱色率均达到90％以上,实际印染废水的脱色也在90％左右。pH值、温度和ClO2用量等多种因素对脱色率均有一定的影响：pH值越高,染料脱色率越高。ClO2用量存在一最 佳值,与活性艳红K－2G及分散蓝2BLN染料的最佳摩尔比分别为4.0及2.0左右。ClO2耗量随染料起始浓度的增大而增加（脱色 率相同时）。     

毛木耳产漆酶发酵条件的研究

以毛木耳为产酶菌，以CMC为唯一碳源，探讨了不同培养条件对毛木耳产漆酶的影响。结果表明，在最适温度为27℃、pH值为6．0、接种量为10％、装液量为90mL／250mL、摇床转速为180rpm、培养天数为6d时，产酶活力最大。以各个因子的最佳梯度做优化培养，发酵液中的漆酶活力高达70．76IU／mL。     

活性染料染色模拟液的电化学混凝研究

本文以铁电极电解装置处理活性翠篮K-GL及活性红M-8B染料染色模拟液,研究了电流密度,溶液pH值同模拟液脱色率及COD去除率的关系,同时还考察了PVA对于模拟液脱色及去除COD的影响。     

壳聚糖对酸性染料的吸附性能

在不同的壳聚糖浓度、pH和温度条件下，采用分光光度法测得吸附后的染料浓度，得到了壳聚糖对酸性染料的最佳吸附条件，即在固定染料浓度和体积的情况下，壳聚糖的投入量在500mg、pH值为6、温度为室温、吸附时间为2h左右条件下吸附最佳，其结果将为利用壳聚糖处理印染废水提供一定的理论根据。     

咪唑银配位聚合物吸附偶氮染料研究

以咪唑银配位聚合物{Ag（im）}n作吸附剂,对偶氮染料刚果红和甲基橙的吸附进行了研究,结果表明：刚果红的最佳吸附条件是吸附剂加入量为31．5mg,温度为30℃,pH值为3,吸附时间为70min,最高染料脱除率为90。7％;甲基橙的最佳吸附条件是吸附剂加入量为36．7mg,温度为30℃,pH值为2,吸附时间为50min,最高染料脱除率为58．3％。     

树脂纳米零价铁催化过硫酸钠降解甲基橙的研究

采用树脂负载零价纳米铁（NZVI-resin）作为铁源,活化过硫酸钠,产生硫酸根自由基氧化降解偶氮染料甲基橙。考察了温度、NZVI-resin加入量、pH值及过硫酸钠的浓度等因素对甲基橙降解率的影响,并对其降解动力学规律作了初步探讨。结果表明：降解反应遵循准一级反应动力学,在pH=3.0、Fe0=0.2 g.L-1、Na2S2O8=1.33 g.L-1的条件下,30 mg.L-1的甲基橙溶液降解率为99.7%。     

阳离子艳红染料的光催化降解

本文研究了以沉淀法制备的TiO2为催化剂，紫外杀菌灯为光源，对阳离子艳红染料进行光催化降解的可行性，结果表明，在实验条件下，本系统对阳离子艳红染料有明显的降解效果，浓度为10mg/L的阳离子艳红染料经过30min的处理，其降解率＞88％，此外，还探讨了溶液初始pH值，催化剂的投加量，光照距离和液层高度等因素对光降解反应的影响。     

Treatment of 2,4-dichlorophenol polluted soil with free and immobilized laccase

Enzyme treatment is currently considered for remediation of terrestrial systems polluted with organic compounds. In this study, two soils from Pennsylvania with 2.8 or 7.4% organic matter contents (Soils 1 and 2, respectively) were amended with 14C-labeled 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and incubated with a laccase from Trametes villosa (free or immobilized on montmorillonite). 2,4-DCP was either transformed to methanol-soluble polymeric products (11-32%) or covalently bound to soil organic matter (53-85%); unaltered 2,4-DCP could be recovered from soil by methanol extraction (0-38%) at the completion of a 14-d incubation period. In Soil 1, both free and immobilized laccase removed 100% of 2,4-DCP without regard for moisture conditions. In Soil 2, immobilized laccase removed more 2,4-DCP (about 95%, regardless of moisture conditions) than free enzyme (55, 75, and 90% at 30, 55, and 100% of maximum water-holding capacity, respectively). Binding of 2,4-DCP in the humin fraction was nearly the same for free and immobilized laccase. More 2,4-DCP, however, was bound to humic and fulvic acids in the presence of immobilized laccase than in the presence of free laccase. In general, immobilized laccase performed better than free laccase. However, for practical applications, the higher activity of immobilized laccase is offset by a 23% loss in enzyme activity during immobilization, which approximates the 30% increase in free laccase needed to achieve the same level of remediation. Furthermore, immobilized laccase is more costly than free T. villosa laccase.     

茄子秸杆活性炭对染料废水的吸附性能研究

以茄子秸秆为原料，ZnCl2为活化剂制备粉末状活性炭，主要研究了活性炭对染料废水的吸附性能；以活性红X-3B和酸性蓝RL为模型染料，考察了染料初始浓度、pH值、活性炭投加量和吸附时间等对染料脱色率的影响。结果表明，染料初始浓度和活性炭投加量对染料脱色率影响较大。初始浓度为300mg／L时，活性炭的最佳投加量分别为1g／L和1．4g／L；在最佳工艺条件下，脱色率分别在93％和98％以上，COD去除率分别为94．5％和86．4％，出水水质达到国家一级《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》（GB 4287—1992）。     

Adsorption of eosin dye on activated carbon and its surfactant based desorption

The performance of activated carbon has been investigated for the adsorption of eosin dye dissolved in water. Eosin is anionic in nature and highly toxic. The effects of initial dye concentration, contact time, pH and temperature on adsorption of eosin by a fixed amount of activated carbon (1.0 g/L) have been studied in batch and column mode. The equilibrium data are successfully fitted to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The adsorption rate data are successfully explained by a pseudo second-order kinetic model. Breakthrough curves for column adsorption have also been studied. The regeneration of spent carbon by desorbing the dye has been experimentally investigated applying a surfactant enhanced carbon regeneration (SECR) technique using both cationic and anionic surfactants. An empirical kinetic model for dye desorption from the commercial activated carbon (CAC) using different surfactant and desorption techniques, viz. change in pH, has been proposed. The comparison between the model and the experimental results is found to be satisfactory.     

Exploitation of Trichoderma harzianum mycelial waste for the removal of rhodamine 6G from aqueous solution

The harvested mycelial waste of Trichoderma harzianum was used as an adsorbent for the removal of rhodamine 6G and was studied in batch mode. The effects of agitation time and initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and pH were examined. The study revealed that the amount of dye adsorbed (mgg(-1)) increased with increase in agitation time and reached equilibrium after 120 min, for dye concentrations of 10-50 mg L(-1). The adsorbent dosage of 1.0 g/50 mL and pH of 8.0 were found to be optimum for maximum dye removal. The batch mode adsorption data followed both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The pseudo first- and second-order rate kinetics were applied to the adsorbent system. The adsorption kinetics of rhodamine 6G showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best correlation of the equilibrium data. The study implies that it is possible to develop a dye removal system by using T. harzianum biomass, which occurs as sludge in waste stream of fermentation industries.