乌鲁木齐市空气质量变化趋势分析

通过对乌鲁木齐市2001-2005年空气中SO2、NO2、PM10、降尘等大气污染物监测数据进行分析,介绍了乌鲁木齐市大气环境污染特征,并结合当地能源结构、地理位置、气候特征、城市环境综合发展水平,指出影响乌鲁木齐市空气质量的主要因素,为防治或减轻乌鲁木齐市的空气污染提供了科学依据.     

浅析攀枝花市酸雨污染特征及成因

利用1996年至2000年大气降水监测数据，对攀枝花市酸雨污染特征及成因进行了分析。结果表明：攀枝花市大气降水酸化除受本地污染源影响外，还受地理环境、气候以及碱性物质等因素的影响。     

降水对西宁市城市空气污染的影响分析

文章依据西宁市2001~2009年主要污染因子PM10、SO2、NO2浓度日数据,从月(或季年)平均值、有降水(微量、微量以上)平均值、无降水平均值出发,研究西宁市PM10、SO2、NO2在有降水、无降水等不同情况下月、季节和年度变化特征,同时分析降水对PM10、SO2、NO2浓度变化的影响和关系。统计分析结果表明:西宁市城市PM10、SO2、NO2无降水日浓度均值最大,月均值其次,有降水日浓度值最小。三者浓度值在夏秋季最低。SO2的浓度均值2006年出现最小值,最大值出现在2003年;NO2浓度均值2006~2009年间呈上升趋势;PM10浓度均值2002年最低,2007年达到最高。     

新疆准东煤田大气降尘中Hg含量分析与污染风险评价

选择新疆准东煤田五彩湾露天煤矿为研究区,通过测定研究区内8个采样点(点1为背景点)大气降尘中Hg元素的含量,利用地质累积指数法及Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对研究区内的大气降尘进行重金属汞污染等级和潜在生态风险等级评价,结果表明:1与背景点相比,位于煤矿区上风向的采样点基本不受煤矿区开采过程中Hg的影响,下风向的采样点均受到煤矿区开采过程中Hg的影响,总体来看,研究区内大气降尘已受到Hg的污染;2研究区所有大气采样点均存在不同程度的Hg的潜在生态风险,其中,大气降尘中Hg含量相对较高的点8和点9的潜在生态风险等级为强,风险所占比率为25%。说明受矿区煤矿开采影响,Hg的潜在生态风险在下风向显著增强。     

西宁市春季大气降尘的初步分析

文章采用X射线衍射仪对西宁市大气降尘的矿物组成进行分析,初步确定西宁市大气降尘的矿物中含有石英、长石、方解石、白云母、白云石、绿泥石,同时也检测到石膏、石盐、文石和六水泻盐。物相分析结果表明,西宁市大气降尘的主要来源为地面扬尘、建筑扬尘、工业尘及在大气环境中新生成的矿物和远距离传输的矿物;激光粒度仪分析结果表明,西宁市大气降尘粒径大于10μm的颗粒占到全部降尘的78.25%~83.15%;扫描电镜形貌观察表明,西宁大气降尘具有规则或不规则的片状、长条状、颗粒状和球状。     

离子色谱测定大气降尘中的阴离子

大气自然沉积物亦称降尘。通常以专用玻璃降尘缸(保持300—500毫升水),采样器在3—20米高度范围内,在自然沉积条件下,以一个月为一采样周期进行采样。对降尘中的非水溶性及水溶性降沉量、用重量法测定,其值以:吨/平方公里·月表示。降尘所吸附或凝聚大气中的SO_2、NO_2含量常用比色法进行测定,其检测限分别为:SO_2—0.025mg/m~3、NO_2—0.04mg/m~3。降尘中以无机盐形成存在的阴离子(如SO_4~(2-)、     

绵阳市大气降水pH值时空分布及酸雨成因研究

通过对绵阳市9个测点1998－1999年大气降水监测数据的统计分析，并结合历史数据，对大气降水pH值的时空分布及酸雨成因进行了研究。结果表明：绵阳市大气降水酸化严重，除主要受本地区大气污染影响外，还受大气中、长距离输送的影响。     

北京大气试验站典型环境因素监测分析

对北京大气试验站典型环境因素(如温湿度、太阳辐射等气象因素及SO2、NO2、海盐离子等大气污染物)进行了长期监测。监测结果表明,该站年平均温度在12℃~14℃之间,年平均相对湿度为47%,年太阳总辐射量低于5 600 MJ/m2;连续法测得SO2和NO2与其他污染物相比浓度偏高,但污染物总体浓度较低;该站具有内陆性气候、半乡村大气的特点。     

确定大气SO_2污染物总量控制目标初探

通过对个旧市 2 0 0 0年和 2 0 10年大气SO2 排放量的预测及对环境空气质量的影响预测 ,提出SO2 污染防治措施以及SO2 削减计划 ,从而确定出既能满足个旧市环境空气质量功能分区目标 ,又与国家对酸雨控制区的规划目标一致的个旧市 2 0 0 0年至 2 0 10年大气SO2 总量控制目标 ,以确保酸雨和SO2 污染不断恶化的趋势得到遏制     

吉林市江北化工区环境容量研究

本文通过对吉林市江北化工区内、外的大气污染物SO2排放调查，以及环境空气中SO2浓度调查，并应用多源模型（ISC3），结合B值削减分配法计算江北化工区环境空气中SO2的环境容量，计算出该区域的剩余环境容量为16732．04t／a。     

Investigation of the toxicity of the products of decoloration of Amaranth by Trametes versicolor

Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application.     

山东省环境经济系统地域分异研究

环境保护与经济发展相协调,是人类社会持续发展的必由之路.环境经济系统是由环境子系统和经济子系统耦合而成的复合大系统.在用系统论对环境经济系统进行结构分析的基础上,采用主成分分析法和加法合成原理,对山东省17地市环境经济系统进行综合分析和类型划分,并从地域差异角度提出了分区特点及今后的发展建议,以期为山东省环境经济系统高水平协调发展提供决策依据.     

城镇化建设中乡村环境保护关键点分析

城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。     

随机规划在泵站树状给水管网优化中的应用

泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际.     

复合固定化法固定化微生物技术在污水生物处理中的研究应用

复合固定化法固定化微生物技术由于具有许多传统固定化微生物技术所没有的特点和优势,得到了越来越多的研究和应用.本文就复合固定化法固定化微生物技术的内涵进行了综述,对复合固定化法在污水生物处理中的实际应用做了研究比较,对新型复合载体的开发和复合固定化微生物技术今后的发展提出了建议.     

燃煤二氧化硫控制技术应用概况

由燃煤引起的二氧化硫污染已成为大气环境中最主要的污染因子。为解决这个问题，我国结合国外的技术成果，进行了各种脱硫技术的研究。介绍了各种治理技术应用情况，并结合实际经验对其中应注意的问题给予评述。     

Numerical and experimental investigation of state of health of Li-ion battery

ABSTRACT

Estimation of State of Health (SoH) of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is essential to predict the lifespan of batteries of an electric vehicle (EV). The efficient prediction of battery health indicates to the effective and safe operation of EV. However, delivering an effective and accurate method for the estimation of SoH in the real condition is truly a challenging task. The present study proposed a holistic procedure of combining both experimental and numerical investigations to conduct the fundamental study on coupled mechanical-electrochemical behavior of Li-ion battery. The proposed investigation highlighted the effect of stress on the capacity of the battery, considering capacity fade as an equivalent parameter to its health for real-time estimation of SoH. Finally, a simple model of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is provided, which shows the linear dependency of stress with the SoH. The results obtained from the ANN model are validated with a Linear Regression (LR) model for a better understanding of the inspection. The predicted value of mean Square Error (MSE) and R square error in the ANN training model are found to be 0.000309 and 0.849687, respectively. Whereas for the test model, these predicted values are found to be 0.000438 and 0.819347, respectively.     

MAPGIS在龙口市土地利用现状数据库建设中的应用

以中国地质大学开发的MMPGIS通用型地理信息系统软件为基础,以山东龙口市2004土地利用现状为例,介绍了龙口市土地利用信息系统建设的方法与步骤,包括影像数据的纠正,矢量数据、属性数据的采集,以及数据入库方法,最后提出了在建库过程中遇到的一些问题.     

Patterns of television viewing and of perceptions of hazards to life

A previous study using respondents in a London regional audience appreciation diary panel showed that links existed between overall amounts of the viewing of television recorded across one week and levels of perception of risk of three hazards to life, namely lightning, flooding and terrorist bomb attacks. With a fourth hazard, cancer, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between perceived risk level and amount of viewing. At the same time there were no relationships between amounts of viewing of news and documentary material and perceived risks of any of 12 hazards. Two new surveys were done, nearly three years after the previous one, asking people in widely different regions about their perceptions of nine various hazards, and linking these results with measures of attitudes towards certain adaptations of new technology (which could prove hazardous or beneficial according to points of view) and to patterns of television viewing. The two surveys agreed on a wide number of points with each other; they agreed with the previous study in finding no steady relationships between information programme viewing and hazard perception. Lightning and flooding were again related, this time more specifically with viewing of particular types of television programming. A new finding is that heavier viewing of television sport is associated with less perceived risk of cancer and of nuclear pollution. Interpretations are generally favoured along the lines of a selective process of viewers with certain predispositions choosing certain kinds of viewing patterns, rather than that programme contents provide an example for formulating perceptions and attitudes.