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阳离子淀粉-双氰胺-甲醛絮凝剂的合成及其絮凝性能 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
以阳离子淀粉、双氰胺、甲醛为主要原料,以硫酸铝为催化剂,并引入添加剂合成了阳离子淀粉 双氰胺 甲醛脱色絮凝剂。探讨了阳离子淀粉用量、甲醛用量、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间及添加剂对阳离子淀粉 双氰胺 甲醛树脂混凝脱色性能的影响,并对印染废水进行了混凝脱色试验。实验结果发现,当双氰胺23 5g、阳离子淀粉5 6g、甲醛57 8g、硫酸铝4 8g、添加剂12 5g、反应温度(70±1)℃、反应时间为1 5小时。试验表明产品的混凝脱色性能良好,CODCr去除率≥91%,脱色率≥99%。并对制得的产品进行了絮凝性能试验,结果表明该产品具有良好的絮凝性能。 相似文献
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利用超声技术对油田三元驱采油废水的处理进行了实验研究。通过实验确定了超声波的最佳反应频率、功率、反应时间以及絮凝剂的筛选复配。实验结果表明:在最佳的反应条件下(超声频率为28kHz,超声频率为95 W,超声时间40min,沉降分离之后添加絮凝剂PAC 25mg/L,PAM 5mg/L),测得处理后的含油污水中悬浮物含量为1.5mg/L和含油率为4.9%,达到SY/T 5329—2012《碎屑岩油藏注水水质指标及分析方法》中低渗透油层注水水质要求。在不改变以重力沉降为主的传统采油污水处理工艺的前提下,为三元驱采油废水的处理提供一种经济高效的方法。 相似文献
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从土壤中分离、筛选得到一株稳定高效的微生物絮凝剂产生菌,命名为B—27。考察了碳源、氮源、pH、温度、培养时间等多种因素对絮凝剂(命名MBF—27)絮凝效果的影响。实验结果表明,当碳源为葡萄糖、氮源为酵母膏、pH为7.0、温度为35℃、培养时间为72h时,絮凝剂MBF—27对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率可达93.8%。红外光谱扫描分析表明,该絮凝剂的主要成分为多糖类物质。同时,生物絮凝剂MBF—27对气田废水的COD和色度去除率分别达到60.77%和86.1%,优于传统的絮凝剂聚乙烯丙胺(PAM)和三氯化铁(FeCl3)。 相似文献
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淀粉接枝改性是将淀粉与某种特殊性能的单体聚合在一起,提高淀粉使用价值的一种方法。实验以丙烯酰胺为聚合单体,对豌豆淀粉进行改性,以过硫酸钾和亚硫酸钠组成的氧化还原体系为引发剂、尿素为抗交联剂、乙二胺四乙酸二钠为抗阻聚剂,以水溶液聚合法制备淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺聚合物絮凝剂,采用三元二次回归正交旋转组合实验,分析反应温度、引发剂浓度、原料配比对产物絮凝性能的影响。结果表明,反应温度为60℃、引发剂为5.00mL和原料配比为2.25时絮凝效果最好。 相似文献
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油田钻井废泥浆固化处理研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
文章结合油田的现场实际情况,针对该区钻井废泥浆污染物的特性,研究了固化的最佳工艺条件,并对固化效果进行评价。通过多组固化处理定性对比实验,从多种处理剂中筛选出处理效果较好的水泥、粉煤灰、石灰和黄土作为固化处理废泥浆的固化剂原材料。利用筛选出的固化剂组成,设计正交实验,确定固化剂最佳配方为每100mL泥浆添加10g水泥、20g粉煤灰、8g石灰、15g黄土。影响因素对固化处理效果的影响实验结果表明:当废泥浆固相含量在30%~70%,固化温度在20~40℃之间,固化时间能够满足7d的条件下,固化效果最佳。 相似文献
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The rise in aluminium demand in the world has significantly increased the generation of bauxite residue which occupies huge areas of land worldwide. Direct revegetation of residue storage areas has been unsuccessful because of the high alkalinity and salinity, and poor nutrient contents of the fine residue (red mud). This paper describes glasshouse and field experiments evaluating the potential use of sewage sludge as an organic ameliorant for gypsum amended red mud. The growth of Agropyron elongatum in red mud receiving gypsum (0 and 38.5 t ha−1) and sewage sludge (0, 38.5 and 77 t ha−1) amendment was assessed in a glasshouse study. Leachate and soil analyses revealed that gypsum was effective in reducing the pH, EC and ESP of red mud, while sewage sludge gave additional reductions in EC, Na and ESP. No evidence of any significant increases in heavy metal contents were observed in the leachates following sewage sludge amendment. However, soil Al contents were more available in red mud receiving only sewage sludge treatment. Sewage sludge amendment significantly increased dry weight yield and provided sufficient nutrients for plant growth except K which was marginal. No heavy metal accumulation was observed in Agropyron. Following that, a field experiment was performed having red mud amended with sewage sludge (38.5, 77 and 154 t ha−1) and gypsum (38.5 and 77 t ha−1) to evaluate their effects on soil physical properties of red mud. Sewage sludge significantly reduced soil bulk density (25%) and particle density (9%) and increased the total porosity of red mud (8%). Hydraulic conductivity also increased from 1.5 to 23 × 10−5 m s−1. Plant cover percentage and dry weight yield of Agropyron increased with an increase in gypsum and sewage sludge amendment. The results confirm that sewage sludge is effective in improving both soil structure and nutrient status of gypsum amended red mud. The use of sewage sludge for red mud revegetation provides not just an option for sludge disposal, but also a cost effective revegetation strategy for bauxite refining industry. 相似文献
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以咪唑银配位聚合物{Ag(im)}n作吸附剂,对偶氮染料刚果红和甲基橙的吸附进行了研究,结果表明:刚果红的最佳吸附条件是吸附剂加入量为31.5mg,温度为30℃,pH值为3,吸附时间为70min,最高染料脱除率为90。7%;甲基橙的最佳吸附条件是吸附剂加入量为36.7mg,温度为30℃,pH值为2,吸附时间为50min,最高染料脱除率为58.3%。 相似文献
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Dborah M. Santos‐Romn Glenn S. Warner Frederick Scatena 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(4):829-839
ABSTRACT: Multivariate analyses were used to develop equations that could predict certain water quality (WQ) conditions for unmonitored watersheds in Puerto Rico based on their physical characteristics. Long term WQ data were used to represent the WQ of 15 watersheds in Puerto Rico. A factor analysis (FA) was performed to reduce the number of chemical constituents. Cluster analysis (CA) was used to group watersheds with similar WQ characteristics. Finally, a discriminant analysis (DA) was performed to relate the WQ clusters to different physical parameters and generate predicting equations. The FA identified six factors (77 percent of variation explained): nutrients, dissolved ions, sodium and chloride, silicacious geology, red ox conditions, and discharge. From the FA, specific conductance, sodium, phosphorous, silica, and dissolved oxygen were selected to represent the WQ characteristics in the CA. The CA determined five groups of watersheds (forested, urban polluted, mixed urban/rural, forested plutonic, and limestone) with similar WQ properties. From the five WQ clusters, two categories can be observed: forested and urban watersheds. The DA found that changes in forest cover, percent of limestone, mean annual rainfall, and watershed shape factor were the most important physical features affecting the WQ of watersheds in Puerto Rico. 相似文献
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不同前处理方法对活性炭吸附一氧化碳的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用颗粒状活性炭(GH-A)作吸附剂,通过不同的前处理方法,以一氧化碳CO与空气的混合物为分离测定对象,用气固色谱法测定被活性炭充分吸附前、后的混合气体中CO的含量,对比评价几种前处理方法。结果表明,对CO的吸附量显著提高的前处理方法分别是研磨筛分至32—38目、酸洗、添加改性剂So而水洗则降低了活性炭吸附CO的能力。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Climatic data such as temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed have been widely used to estimate evapotranspiration. Moat of the solar radiation data and portions of the relative humidity data are either not available or missing from the records in Puerto Rico. Depending upon the availability and data characteristics of records, three methods (including a regression technique, an averaging of historical data, and a regional average) were used to generate missing data, and a time series analysis was used to synthesize a series of climatic data. The limitations and applicability of each method are discussed. The results showed that the time series analysis method can be successfully used to synthesize a series of monthly solar radiations for several stations. The regression technique and the regional average can be successfully applied to generate missing monthly solar radiation data. The regression technique and the averaging of historical data have been satisfactorily used to interpolate missing monthly relative humidity. The explained variance (R2) varied from 0.68 to 0.88, which are both significant at the 0.05 level of significance. 相似文献
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根据氧化铝行业生产用水及排污特点,结合某氧化铝生产企业生产废水的处理实践,推荐采用逆向洗涤赤泥和氢氧化铝,节约用水量;综合利用赤泥洗液和含碱废水;对生产用水设置循环水系统和二次利用水系统;设置生产废水处理站,氧化铝系统和热电厂的生产系统排水、循环水系统的排污水,以及化验等废水全部排入生产废水处理站处理,废水经处理后作为二次利用供水返回生产系统使用,通过综合利用生产废水,可以实现厂区废水的零排放,节约资源的同时,提高清洁生产水平,避免对环境造成污染。 相似文献
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K. P. Radha Krishnan L. T. Fan L. E. Erickson 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1973,9(3):455-466
ABSTRACT The problem of estimating missing values in water quality data using linear interpolation and harmonic analysis is studied to see which one of these two methods yields better estimates for the missing values. The data used in this study consisted of midnight values of dissolved oxygen from the Ohio River collected over a period of one year at Stratton station. Various hypothetical cases of missing data are considered and the two methods of supplementing missing values are evaluated using statistical tests. The results indicate that when the percentage of missed data points exceeded ten percent of the total number in the original sample, harmonic analysis usually yielded better estimates for both the regularly and irregularly missed cases. For data that exhibit cyclic variation, examples of which are dissolved oxygen concentration and water temperature, harmonic analysis as a data generation technique appears to be superior to linear interpolation. 相似文献
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Murat Kadir Yesilyurt Mevlüt Arslan Tanzer Eryilmaz 《International Journal of Green Energy》2019,16(1):60-71
In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) involving central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize the reaction parameters of biodiesel production from yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seed oil during the single-step transesterification process. A total of 30 experiments were designed and performed to determine under the effects of variables on the biodiesel yield such as methanol to oil molar ratio (2:1–10:1), catalyst concentration (0.2–1.0 wt.% NaOH), reaction temperature (50–70°C), and reaction time (30–90 min). The second order polynomial model was used to predict the biodiesel yield and coefficient of determination (R2) was found to be at 0.9818. The optimum biodiesel yield was calculated as 96.695% from the model with the following reaction conditions: 7.41:1 of methanol to oil molar ratio, 0.63 wt. % NaOH of catalyst concentration, 61.84°C of reaction temperature, and 62.12 min of reaction time. It is seen that the regression model results were in agreement with the experimental data. The results showed that RSM is a suitable statistical technique for optimizing the reaction parameters in the transesterification process in order to maximize the biodiesel yield. 相似文献