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用以往的TM、MSS、CBERS、SPOT卫星影像由于数据本身的分辨率低,很难精确地监测牛羊圈的位置及数量,QuickBird影像数据弥补了这一缺陷,可以较清晰地监测牛羊圈的位置、边界、大小等。应用QuickBird遥感影像解译技术来监测分析区域牛羊圈的分布情况,可为生态工程建设成效评估提供相关数据。 相似文献
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以福州市主城区1988年和2008年的TM影像为基础,对福州市主城区土地利用/覆被变化特征进行分析.结果表明:研究区1988-2008年期间土地利用结构发生了很大的变化,不同土地利用类型之间相互转化,其中建设用地面积剧增,导致不透水层的大面积增加.结合土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应分析表明,主城区土地利用/覆被变化对洪水的产流、汇流过程及河网水系结构产生很大的影响. 相似文献
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分析了QuickBird多光谱遥感影像各个波段的光谱特征,并进行了定量评价。根据信息量的大小和波段相关性得到最佳波段组合,在最佳组合波段下利用遥感影像处理软件ERDAS9.2选择或利用建模模块建立不同的影像融合模型对QuikBird多光谱数据与全色遥感影像进行融合,按照定性及定量指标对融合前后的遥感影像进行色彩、分辨率及信息量评价,得到QuikBird影像数据最佳融合方法。 相似文献
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在3S技术的支持下,以1990年和2005年的TM图像解译数据为基础,采用谢高地的评价方法分析了乌苏-奎屯-独山子地区景观类型与生态系统服务功能的变化特征,为研究该地区水土开发与生态环境演变提供了依据。结果表明,1990-2005年,乌苏-奎屯-独山子地区农田、灌木林地、城镇及工业用地、盐碱地、水域和未利用地面积增加,其他乔木林地、草地、冰川和沼泽面积均减少;区域生态系统服务功能从1990年的9 182.84×106元减少到2005年的8 627.96×106元,减少量为554.87×106元,减少率为6.04%。保护区域生态环境,恢复和提高区域生态系统服务功能是该区域生态环境建设的重要任务。 相似文献
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TM遥感影像解译数据中线状及细小地物的扣除 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着高分辨率遥感影像的普遍使用和对遥感影像解译数据精度的更高要求,对于TM遥感影像解译数据中一些线状及细小地物如道路、沟渠、田埂、林带、居民点等由于未能解译而混入其它类型中,造成某个类型面积的增加或减少的问题亟待解决。本文利用影像融合技术,根据工作中的实际情况,主要对耕地中的线状和细小地物的扣除方法进行了描述。 相似文献
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成都市区植被变化的遥感动态监测 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
利用1987年和2000年的TM影像,对成都市区植被动态变化进行了分析.首先, 利用1:25万数字地形图对2000年的TM影像进行几何校正,并将1987年的TM影像与其配准.其次,利用TM影像的第四和第三波段计算植被指数,根据植被指数提取植被.第三,对成都市区1987~2000年的植被进行了动态变化分析.研究表明,1987~2000年成都市区植被有增有减,但总的趋势是减少:增加部分集中在老城区,是人工绿化的结果;减少部分主要集中在市区西北和西南的面状区域以及因城市道路扩展而占用的线状区域,这是城市化的必然结果. 相似文献
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搞好大学生思想政治工作对促进学校的建设工作意义重大.针对当前我院迎评促建工作中的学生思想上存在的误区,应进一步加强宣传、加强思想政治工作队伍建设以及不断总结过去和创新现在,根据当前迎评促建工作的实际,采取一定措施. 相似文献
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我国经济处于高速增长期,建设日新月异,中小城市的光污染问题日趋明显,防治显得十分重要。文章以中山市城区为例,对道路照明、建筑照明、广告照明、绿化照明,以及玻璃幕墙反射等光污染情况进行了调研和评价。根据中山市城区的光污染情况,从制定和完善光污染防治法规体系、加强规划和宏观管理、提高公众参与力度和监督力度、加大人才培养和政策扶持力度、加大清洁生产推广力度以及实施照明设计单位资质认证等多方面提出了对光污染的防治对策。 相似文献
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城市固体废弃物是人们在工业生产活动、生活活动及商业活动中所产生的固体废物,这种废物随着国民经济的发展、人口的增长、人民生活水平的提高,数量不断增加。它破坏了市容,污染环境,给人民健康带来了极大的危害,因此,需加以处置和处理。本文将系统地介绍现阶段国内外城市固体废弃物的现状及处理技术,并针对我国国情,提出合理化的处理方案。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTSmart and eco-cities have become important notions for thinking about urban futures. This article contributes to these ongoing debates about smart and eco-urbanism by focussing on recent urbanisation initiatives in Asia. Our study of India’s Smart Cities Mission launched under the administration of Narendra Modi and China’s All-In-One eco-cities project initiated by Xi Jinpin unfolds in two corresponding narratives. Roy and Ong’s [2011. Worlding Cities: Asian Experiments and the Art of Being Global. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell] “worlding cities” serves as the theoretical backdrop of our analysis. Based on a careful review of a diverse set of academic literature, policy and other sources we identify five process-dimensions for analysing the respective urban approaches. We show how the specific features of China’s and India’s urban focus, organisation, implementation, governance and embedding manifest both nations’ approaches to smart and eco-urbanism. We argue that India’s Smart City Mission and China’s All-in-One project are firmly anchored in broader agendas of change that are set out to transform the nation and extend into time. The Indian Smart City Mission is part of a broader ambition to transform the nation enabling her “smart incarnation” in modernity. Smart technologies are seen as the key drivers of change. In China the framework of ecological civilisation continues a 5000-year historical tradition of civilisation excellence. By explicitly linking eco-urbanism to the framework, eco-cities become a means to enact ecological civilisation on the (urban) ground. 相似文献
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Gerald Clark 《Natural resources forum》1991,15(4):276-281
During the past 25 years the bauxite and alumina industry has grown threefold creating major change in the industry structure and reducing the dominance of the majors. Australia has emerged as the leading producer with a major third party alumina market developed principally by Alcoa of Australia. Future growth while, less dramatic, is likely to be substantial requiring US$50 billion to fund new projects which will be concentrated in developing countries with large bauxite reserves and developed infrastructure. 相似文献
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塔里木河上游及源流区草原荒漠化及其防治研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
加强生态环境保护和建设是西部大开发的战略重点。针对塔里木河流域环境恶化、草地开发利用失衡、草原荒漠化日趋严重的问题,提出具体规划和综合治理方案。 相似文献
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Biochar and manure affect calcareous soil and corn silage nutrient concentrations and uptake 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Carbon-rich biochar derived from the pyrolysis of biomass can sequester atmospheric CO, mitigate climate change, and potentially increase crop productivity. However, research is needed to confirm the suitability and sustainability of biochar application to different soils. To an irrigated calcareous soil, we applied stockpiled dairy manure (42 Mg ha dry wt) and hardwood-derived biochar (22.4 Mg ha), singly and in combination with manure, along with a control, yielding four treatments. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied when needed (based on preseason soil test N and crop requirements) in all plots and years, with N mineralized from added manure included in this determination. Available soil nutrients (NH-N; NO-N; Olsen P; and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-extractable K, Mg, Na, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe), total C (TC), total N (TN), total organic C (TOC), and pH were evaluated annually, and silage corn nutrient concentration, yield, and uptake were measured over two growing seasons. Biochar treatment resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in available soil Mn and a 1.4-fold increase in TC and TOC, whereas manure produced a 1.2- to 1.7-fold increase in available nutrients (except Fe), compared with controls. In 2009 biochar increased corn silage B concentration but produced no yield increase; in 2010 biochar decreased corn silage TN (33%), S (7%) concentrations, and yield (36%) relative to controls. Manure produced a 1.3-fold increase in corn silage Cu, Mn, S, Mg, K, and TN concentrations and yield compared with the control in 2010. The combined biochar-manure effects were not synergistic except in the case of available soil Mn. In these calcareous soils, biochar did not alter pH or availability of P and cations, as is typically observed for acidic soils. If the second year results are representative, they suggest that biochar applications to calcareous soils may lead to reduced N availability, requiring additional soil N inputs to maintain yield targets. 相似文献