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《四川环境》2021,(4)
采用3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷对MCM-41进行氨基功能化修饰,并以此作为吸附剂(NH2-MCM-41)来去除阴离子染料废水酸性品红(AF)。应用平衡吸附法,重点考察了溶液的p H值、吸附剂的投加量、吸附时间以及染料的初始浓度对吸附效果的影响,并采用吸附等温线和动力学模型进行吸附机理分析。实验得出:溶液的p H值对吸附效果影响较大,染料的去除率随着吸附剂质量、反应时间的增加而上升,随染料初始浓度的增加而下降。Langmuir模型对染料的等温吸附行为拟合效果最好,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型。解吸附研究得出NH2-MCM-41有较好的解吸附效果和重复使用率。氨基改性后的MCM-41对AF有良好的吸附效果,可以作为一种新型高效的吸附剂进一步用于阴离子染料废水治理。 相似文献
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染料废水脱色的物理化学处理技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
染料废水目前主要的脱色方法有吸附、混凝、氧化还原和生化法.活性炭吸附适用于低浓度的染料废水处理.聚硅硫酸铁混凝效果与Fe/SiO4摩尔比和pH值相关.氢氧化镁可有效去除印染废水中的直接红染料.有机絮凝剂往往需要和其它药剂复配.氧化法脱色率大,但成本高昂,且受染料废水的组成、氧化性及pH值影响.还原法药剂价格低廉,但还原降解产物具有毒性,必须经过二次处理.生物法成本较低,又受制于染料的生物降解性.因此发展多种手段联合应用已是当前染料废水处理的研究方向. 相似文献
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粉煤灰在重金属废水处理中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
粉煤灰是一种可再资源化的工业固体废弃物。利用粉煤灰对重金属废水进行处理可谓是一种以废治废、变废为宝、实现废物综合利用的有效途径。综述了粉煤灰吸附法在重金属废水处理中的国内外研究现状,展望了该方法的应用前景。 相似文献
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以茄子秸秆为原料,ZnCl2为活化剂制备粉末状活性炭,主要研究了活性炭对染料废水的吸附性能;以活性红X-3B和酸性蓝RL为模型染料,考察了染料初始浓度、pH值、活性炭投加量和吸附时间等对染料脱色率的影响。结果表明,染料初始浓度和活性炭投加量对染料脱色率影响较大。初始浓度为300mg/L时,活性炭的最佳投加量分别为1g/L和1.4g/L;在最佳工艺条件下,脱色率分别在93%和98%以上,COD去除率分别为94.5%和86.4%,出水水质达到国家一级《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 4287—1992)。 相似文献
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染料废水物理化学处理技术的现状与进展 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13
本文按吸附、膜滤、混凝、氧化刑、离子交换、Fenton试剂、光催化氧化、湿式氧化、电化学等方法分别论述了染料废水物理化学处理技术的现状和发展趋势。 相似文献
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The utilization of wood-shaving bottom ash (WBA) for the removal of Red Reactive 141 (RR141), an azo reactive dye, was investigated. WBA/H(2)O and WBA/H(2)SO(4) were made by treating WBA with water and 0.1M H(2)SO(4), respectively, to increase adsorption capacity. Adsorption of RR141 from reactive dye solution (RDS) and reactive dye wastewater (RDW) by WBA/H(2)O and WBA/H(2)SO(4) involved the BET surface area and pore size diameter. Properties of adsorbents, effect of contact time, initial pH of solution, dissolved metals and elution studies indicated that the decolorisation mechanism involved both chemical adsorption and precipitation with calcium ions. In addition, the WBA/H(2)SO(4) surface might contain sulphate-cation complexes that were specific to enhancing dye adsorption from RDW. The adsorption isotherm had a best fit by the Freundlich model. Freundlich parameters showed that WBA/H(2)O used more heterogeneous surface than WBA/H(2)SO(4) and activated carbon for RDW adsorption. A thermodynamic study indicated that RDW adsorption was an endothermic process. The maximum dye adsorption capacities of WBA/H(2)O, WBA/H(2)SO(4) and activated carbon obtained from a Langmuir model at 30 degrees C were 24.3, 29.9, and 41.5mgl(-1), respectively. In addition, WBA/H(2)O and WBA/H(2)SO(4) could reduce colour and high chemical oxygen demand (COD) of real textile wastewater. According to the difficulty in the elution study, it was an environmentally safe disposal of this waste. Therefore, WBA, a waste from combustion of wood shavings, was suitable to be used as an effective adsorbent for azo reactive dye removal. 相似文献
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An SO4(2-) adsorption submodel has been implemented in the dynamic soil chemistry model SAFE. The submodel calculates pH-dependent SO4(2-) and H+ adsorption to the soil, as well as the net surface charge development due to uneven adsorption of SO4(2-) and H+, using the empirical equations derived from an electrostatic model (Extended Constant Capacitance Model, ECCM) of SO4(2-) adsorption. The resulting new SAFE model was applied on a roof experiment plot in the Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.] stand at Solling, Germany, where atmospheric S and N deposition was artificially reduced by the roof construction. The model performance was compared with the previous versions that used a pH-independent Freudlich model of SO4(2-) adsorption or assumed no SO4(2-) adsorption. With the ECCM-based SO4(2-) adsorption submodel, SAFE simulated soil solution SO4(2-) concentration and base saturation better, in comparison with measured data, than with the previous SO4(2-) adsorption formulations. Through the model application, also, need of additional improvement was suggested, such as calibration of mass transfer coefficients. 相似文献
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采用改性活性炭粉末对用纯净水加氟化钠配制而成的含氟水溶液进行动态电吸附去除实验.研究不同电压、电吸附时间,以及Cl-和SO2-4对氟离子去除的影响,并探讨吸附动力学和吸附方程.实验结果表明:活性炭对氟离子的吸附等温方程符合Freundlich方程,吸附动力学符合一级动力学方程;活性炭对氟离子去除与所施加的电位、吸附时间等因素有关,施加的电位越大,去除效果越好;随着吸附去除时间的延长,氟离子浓度下降趋缓;Cl-对氟离子去除影响很小,而SO2-4对氟离子去除有显著的不利影响. 相似文献
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Preparation of novel activated carbons from H2SO4-pretreated corncob hulls with KOH activation for quick adsorption of dye and 4-chlorophenol 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Corncob hull was immersed in 25 wt% H(2)SO(4) and was carbonized in an oven at 290 °C for 2h to obtain the char. The char was then activated for 1h at 780 °C by KOH at weight ratio of KOH/char of 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5. SEM photos of the carbons revealed that the cell wall of corncob hull was etched into thin film structure. It was shown that the adsorption isotherms of methylene blue and 4-chlorophenol on the carbons were well fitted by the Langmuir equation. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics could be satisfactorily described by the Elovich equation. The normalized standard deviations are less than 2.8%. The high fraction of adsorption amount adsorbed within 1 min to that at saturation demonstrated the advantage of the prepared activated carbons. The fraction of adsorption amount within 1 min to that at saturation (q(1)/q(mon)) for the adsorption of 4-CP is high up to 0.807. Such quick adsorption behavior was mainly attributed to the presence of the thin film structure of carbons. 相似文献
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Intercalated montmorillonite clays with different amounts of organic hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) cations were studied to analyse their CO, CH(4), and SO(2) gas retentions. Equilibrium adsorption was measured by using a standard volumetric apparatus at 25 degrees C and 0.1 MPa. The solids were characterised by X-ray diffraction. The levels of adsorption of SO(2) by organo-montmorillonites (0.3595-1.6403 mmol/g) were higher than those of CO (up to 0.0202 mmol/g) and CH(4) (up to 0.0273 mmol/g) gases. HDTMA montmorillonites may be effective adsorbents for removing SO(2) and for its potential separation in the presence of CO and/or CH(4) molecules, which can be present in contaminated air. 相似文献
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不同前处理方法对活性炭吸附一氧化碳的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用颗粒状活性炭(GH-A)作吸附剂,通过不同的前处理方法,以一氧化碳CO与空气的混合物为分离测定对象,用气固色谱法测定被活性炭充分吸附前、后的混合气体中CO的含量,对比评价几种前处理方法。结果表明,对CO的吸附量显著提高的前处理方法分别是研磨筛分至32—38目、酸洗、添加改性剂So而水洗则降低了活性炭吸附CO的能力。 相似文献
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In many freshwater ecosystems, the contents of NO3- and SO4(2-) have increased, whereas O2 has been depleted due to the increased acid and nutrient loads. These changes may affect carbon turnover and the dynamics of the major greenhouse gases CO2, CH4, and N2O. We studied the effects of O2, NO3-, and SO4(2-) availability on carbon mineralization, and fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O in the sediments of hyper-eutrophic Lake Kev?t?n, Finland. Undisturbed sediment cores from the deep (9 m) and shallow (4 m) profundal were incubated in a laboratory microcosm with oxic and anoxic water flows with NO3- or SO4(2-) concentrations of 0, 30, 100, 300, and 2000 microM. The carbon mineralization rate (i.e., the sum of released CO2-C and CH4-C) was not affected by the oxidants. However, the oxidants did change the pathways of carbon degradation and the release of CH4. All of the oxidants depressed CH4 fluxes in the shallow profundal sediments, which had low organic matter content. In the deep profundal sediments rich in organic matter, the CH4 release was reduced by O2 but was not affected by SO4(2-) (the effect of NO3- was not studied). There was an increase in N2O release as the overlying water NO3- concentration increased. Anoxia and highly elevated NO3- concentrations, associated with eutrophication, increased drastically the global warming potential (GWP) of the sedimentary gases in contrast to the SO4(2-) load, which had only minor effects on the GWP. 相似文献