共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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通过对水体有机污染定义、来源及有机污染物主要类型的介绍和说明,分析了有机污染物的生态效应——水体污染、生物富集及其毒理效应,综述了水体有机污染物的化学监测技术尤其是有机分析前处理技术的现状,并对有机污染物的研究和监测技术作出肯定,同时展望了水体有机污染物监测技术的研究趋向。 相似文献
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持久性有机污染物指的是持久存在于环境中,具有很长的半衰期,且能通过食物网积聚,并对人类健康及环境造成不利影响的有机化学物质,尤其以二噁英影响最大。文章通过对青海省2011年至2013年间二噁英类持久性有机污染物污染状况进行分析,从行业对二噁英类持久性有机污染物污染特点进行了论述,并提出相关防治对策,为青海省的二噁英类持久性有机污染物污染防治提供参考。 相似文献
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氯代芳烃及其衍生物是一类毒性强、难降解的持久性有机化合物。在我国江河水体中检出率高,其中许多是优先监测污染物。水中的难降解有机污染物,可能通过几种微生物的一系列共代谢作用得到大部分,甚至是彻底的降解。本文针对水环境中的氟代芳烃污染物,分析了共代谢的类型、发生原因及影响因素。对利用共代谢机制修复水中氯代芳烃的最新研究进展进行了综述,并对本领域的发展前景进行了探讨。 相似文献
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三峡库区重庆段小城镇的污水现状与处理工艺优选 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过采集28个样本和收集相关统计资料,调查研究了三峡库区重庆段小城镇污水现状,开对其成因进行了分析。提出了氧化沟,SBR法及其变形,AB法,稳定塘等多种适合于三峡库区重庆段小城镇的污水处理工艺。 相似文献
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二噁英是一类剧毒的持久性有机污染物和一级致癌物质。脱氯降解是降低二噁英毒性的有效途径之一。本文首先介绍了二噁英的种类、来源和危害,其次对二噁英的降解方法包括光降解、光-Fenton降解、生物降解、热降解、化学降解脱氯作了简要评述,比较了各种降解方法的优劣。 相似文献
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Bioaccumulation of metals in fishes: an in vivo experimental study of a sewage fed ecosystem 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The bioaccumulation of copper, lead, zinc and chromium in the liver, intestine, ovary, muscles and brain in four fishes, Channa punctatus, Tilapia mossambica, Catla catla and Labeo rohita, in a sewage-fed jheel ecosystem was analysed. All the heavy metals have been found to accumulate in the four fishes when they are reliant on a sewage-fed ecosystem, in contrast to their freshwater control fish population. The relative accumulation rate of the heavy metals has been found in the order liver brain intestine muscle ovary bone. Of course, the accumulation rate varies from one metal to another in the different fishes. The effect of the bioaccumulation in the specific tissues provides a better basis for regular monitoring of exposure than whole body analyses. 相似文献
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人工湿地中不同的污染物的去除机理不同,其去污的影响因素也不同.在国内,人工湿地对氮磷去除的研究较多,对新型有机污染物的研究很少,在很多机理上还属空白.总结了近年来国内外湿地对有机污染物去除的研究进展情况以及不同湿地类型对去除率的影响.系统的分析了有关湿地植物,基质,微生物对于有机污染物的去除作用机理,提出了存在问题并对今后湿地去除有机污染物的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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对饮用水中有机污染物的控制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以保护饮用水的水质为出发点,控制饮用水中有机污染物为目的,本文介绍了有机污染物对饮用水水质的影响,着重从治理污染源和加强饮用水的深度处理等方面讨论了对饮用水中有机污染物的控制。 相似文献
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Chemical and toxicologic assessment of organic contaminants in surface water using passive samplers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alvarez DA Cranor WL Perkins SD Clark RC Smith SB 《Journal of environmental quality》2008,37(3):1024-1033
Passive sampling methodologies were used to conduct a chemical and toxicologic assessment of organic contaminants in the surface waters of three geographically distinct agricultural watersheds. A selection of current-use agrochemicals and persistent organic pollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides, were targeted using the polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) and the semipermeable membrane device passive samplers. In addition to the chemical analysis, the Microtox assay for acute toxicity and the yeast estrogen screen (YES) were conducted as potential assessment tools in combination with the passive samplers. During the spring of 2004, the passive samplers were deployed for 29 to 65 d at Leary Weber Ditch, IN; Morgan Creek, MD; and DR2 Drain, WA. Chemical analysis of the sampler extracts identified the agrochemicals predominantly used in those areas, including atrazine, simazine, acetochlor, and metolachlor. Other chemicals identified included deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine, trifluralin, fluoranthene, pyrene, cis- and trans-nonachlor, and pentachloroanisole. Screening using Microtox resulted in no acutely toxic samples. POCIS samples screened by the YES assay failed to elicit a positive estrogenic response. 相似文献