共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 122 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
以外标法定量,通过吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱对22种挥发性有机物进行检测,建立了相应的分析方法。方法将单次分析时间控制样品在50min,连续进样分析时间在38min。并对样品的检测数据进行分析,样品回收率在84.9%~124.9%之间,相对标准偏差均小于10%,且加标回收率在半年内能稳定在81.5%~129.7%之间。结果表明,在采用自动进样器进样条件下,外标法在精准度上满足实验需求,且分析时间较短,节省了加入内标物所带来的成本负担。 相似文献
4.
骆艳娇 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2022,(2):91-94
高锰酸盐指数的测定采用容量法,传统的容量法采用手工操作进行加标人为因素引起误差很大.本研究利用智能机器人分析系统测定高锰酸盐指数,对质控样、实际水样以及空白样进行加标测定,加标量控制在待测样的0.5~2.0倍.通过多组平行测定,得到很好的精密性和准确性,加标回收率的范围在85%~122%之间,满足质量控制要求.实验表明... 相似文献
5.
研究开发了用于分离高脂肪样品中21种多氯联苯(PCBs)和22种有机氯农药(OCPs)的分离柱填料,以及利用该填料分离含脂肪的动物组织样品中PCBs或OCPs的方法。该填料按质量百分比由硅胶-弗罗里硅土混合物30%-35%、酸性改性硅胶50%-60%和无水硫酸钠10%-15%组成,并使用自主研发的四通道色谱分离仪对样品进行分离和净化。利用本方法的填料分离PCBs或OCPs,分离方法高效、快速、工艺简单,可在成本较低的条件下达到显著的分离效果。PCBs化合物柱回收率可达96.4%-119%,对鱼脂肪组织加标回收率可达74.4%-100%;OCPs化合物柱回收率可达78.4%-103%,对鱼脂肪组织加标回收率可达78.3%-102%。结果表明该填料可用于分离PCBs或OCPs,色谱分离效果良好,可以满足高脂肪样品中OCPs和PCBs的监测分离需要。 相似文献
6.
7.
笔者通过研究建立了应用单标多点校正和英蓝超滤单元的非抑制电导离子色谱法测定降水中Li+、Na+、NH4+-N、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+6种阳离子的方法。该方法操作简单,样品无需过滤即可上机分析测定;检出限低,范围在0.005~0.04 mg/L;重复测定相对标准偏差小于5%,加标回收率稳定在96.7%~104.6%;线性范围广,待测离子之间无明显干扰,可同时快速测定降水中不同浓度的阳离子。同时该方法降低了标准品配制和样品前处理的复杂性。 相似文献
8.
9.
《四川环境》2021,(3)
采用微波消解、全自动石墨消解两种方法对土壤标准样品进行前处理,使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)对Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、V 6种金属元素含量进行测定。结果表明:两种消解方法检出限均能满足日常样品分析要求,而微波消解测值稍低。微波消解和全自动石墨消解均能准确测定土壤标准样品中6种金属元素含量,加标回收率分别在90.4%~105.4%和86.9%~104.7%范围内,无明显差异;精密度试验中,微波消解和全自动石墨消解RSD%范围分别为0.1%~4.0%、0.2%~6.6%,前者略优。两种方法各具优势,日常工作中应根据样品量选择适当的消解方法。 相似文献
10.
张理扬 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2012,(5):57-59,91
固相微萃取是一种操作简便、分析快速、无溶剂参与的样品前处理技术。通过采用固相微萃取富集水中的松节油,气相色谱质谱法分析,整个过程只需要25 min。该方法检出限为0.02 mg/L,样品加标回收率为90.0%~130%,相对标准偏差为3.49%~14.6%,完全能够满足日常环境管理需要。 相似文献
11.
我国面临着严重的细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染问题,PM2.5对人体健康、能见度、气候变化、生态系统等均产生了不良影响。本文旨在提出我国PM2.5污染防治目标和控制措施,为从根本上改善空气质量提供科学依据。首先,本文提出了2020年和2030年我国PM2.5污染防治目标。其次,采用能源和污染排放技术模型,分情景预测了我国未来一次大气污染物排放量的变化趋势。基于情景预测结果和此前研究建立的一次污染物排放与PM2.5浓度间的非线性关系,确定了2020年—2030年与PM2.5浓度改善相适应的全国和重点区域大气污染物减排目标。最后,利用能源和污染排放技术模型,提出了实现大气污染物减排的技术措施和对策建议。研究表明,2030年全国二氧化硫、氮氧化物、一次PM2.5和挥发性有机物的排放量应分别比2012年至少削减51%、64%、53%和36%,氨排放量也要略有下降。对于污染严重的重点区域,必须采取更严格的控制力度。要实现上述减排,应加快能源结构调整,推进煤炭清洁高效集中可持续利用,建立"车-油-路"一体的移动源控制体系,并强化多源多污染物的末端控制。 相似文献
12.
针对炼化企业循环排污水中有机污染物浓度不能满足脱盐处理工艺进水水质要求的问题,开展了臭氧氧化-活性炭吸附工艺去除循环排污水中有机污染物的研究。通过对两种处理工艺进行不同组合的实验结果得知:当反应时间控制在最佳值,臭氧氧化和活性炭吸附单独处理循环排污水时,COD去除率分别约为27%和20%,处理效率偏低;当两种工艺组合后,在臭氧浓度为12 mg/L、氧化时间20 min、吸附时间为10 min时,COD去除率则达到52%,组合工艺协同作用效果明显。 相似文献
13.
14.
对饮用水中有机污染物的控制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以保护饮用水的水质为出发点,控制饮用水中有机污染物为目的,本文介绍了有机污染物对饮用水水质的影响,着重从治理污染源和加强饮用水的深度处理等方面讨论了对饮用水中有机污染物的控制。 相似文献
15.
16.
Robert C. Borden Thomas M. Yanoschak 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1990,26(2):269-277
ABSTRACT: Ground and surface water quality monitoring data from 71 municipal sanitary landfills in North Carolina were analyzed to determine the nature and extent of current contamination problems and identify any common characteristics associated with this contamination. A total of 322 surface and 411 ground water quality records were analyzed using the SAS data system. Almost all the landfill records included inorganic and heavy metal analyses while approximately half of the records also included organic analyses by CC/MS. Our analysis indicates that landfills are having measurable impacts on ground and surface water quality, but these impacts may not be as severe as is commonly assumed. Statistically significant increases were detected in the average concentrations in ground water and downstream surface water samples when compared to upstream surface water samples. The largest percentage increases were observed for zinc, turbidity, total organic carbon, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and lead. Violations of ground water quality standards for heavy metals and hazardous organic compounds were detected at 53 percent of the landfills where adequate data existed. The moat common heavy metal violations were for lead (18 percent), chromium (18 percent), zinc (6 percent), cadmium (6 percent), and arsenic (6 percent) (percentage of landfills violating shown in parenthesis). The organic compounds that appear to pose the greatest threat to ground water are the chlorinated solvents (8 percent), petroleum derived hydrocarbons (8 percent), and pesticides (5 percent). A comparison of monitoring data from sanitary landfills and secondary wastewater treatment plants suggests that the concentrations of heavy metal and organic pollutants discharged to surface waters from these two sources are similar. 相似文献
17.
18.
Harry I. Nightingale 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(2):197-205
ABSTRACT: The chemical impact of urban runoff water on water quality beneath five retention/recharge basins was investigated as part of the US EPA's Nationwide Urban Runoff Program in Fresno, California. Soil water percolating through alluvium soils and the ground water at the top of the water table were sampled with ceramic/Teflon vacuum water extractors at depths up to 26 m during the two-year investigation. Inorganic and organic pollutants are present in the runoff water delivered to the basins. No significant contamination of percolating soil water or ground water underlying any of the five retention/recharge basins has occurred for constituents monitored in the study. The oldest basins was constructed in 1962. The concentration of selected trace elements in the ground water samples was similar to the levels reported in the regional ground water. None of the pesticides or other organic priority pollutants, for which water samples were analyzed, was s̊ detected except diazinon which was found in trace amounts (0.3 μg/L or less) in only three soil water samples. These results are important to the continued conservation of storm water and the development of a best management practice for storm-water management using retention/recharge basins in a semi-arid climate. 相似文献
19.
20.
Lewis A. Rossman Frank T. Vanecek 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1978,14(4):842-855
ABSTRACT: An improved computational procedure for solving water quality management models containing interacting pollutants and control policies is presented. The method is developed with respect to the specific problem of minimizing the costs of basin-wide thermal and organic pollution control to meet water quality standards. It views the problem in partitioned form where a master problem is used to find cooling levels for thermal polluters while subproblems determine optimal organic pollutant reductions for fixed cooling levels. A gradient based search procedure is used to solve the master problem. Computational results for several river systems are presented. Application of the method to other water quality management models is suggested. 相似文献