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基于已有自主研发的新型测试系统,提出一种静电放电中电极移动速度与温湿度变化对放电结果造成影响研究装置的设计方案,给出了基本原理和具体实现描述。该设计用于对小间隙静电放电(ESD)中电极移动速度和温度引起放电参数的低重复离散特性进行探讨。设计基于STM32的温湿度智能网络监控系统和智能控制PID算法实现了温湿度的智能控制,以满足用静电放电电极移动速度效应测试仪定量获得更准确实验结果的需要。该设计弥补和完善了现有静放电测试平台的不足,对于展开小间隙静电放电性质的深入研究具有重要的推动作用和现实意义。 相似文献
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由于放电时延影响着二次放电的参数如放电电流、上升时间等,并对消费类电子产品的放电保护装置有着直接的影响。因此放电时延对放电过程以及器件放电保护有着非常重要的作用。通过测量时延分析了湿度、电压、电场强度、间隙大小等参数对时延的影响。这些实验结果对研究放电保护以及放电模型等都有着非常重要的作用。 相似文献
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静电放电测试是很多产品标准中常见的电磁兼容检测项目,本文叙述了静电放电测试中一些容易被测试人员忽视的细节,同时分析影响静电放电测试结果的因素,为EMC实验室和企业人员正确开展静电放电测试,和加强实验室管理提供帮助。 相似文献
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本文对ISO10605:2008+A1:2014《道路车辆-静电放电产生的电干扰的试验方法》与IEC61000-4-2:2008 《电磁兼容性(EMC)-第4-2部分:试验和测量技术静电放电抗扰度试验》的差异内容进行了详细解读与比较分析,提炼总结出了两个标准在仪器要求、测试环境条件、测试场地、测试布置等方面的差异,并在此基础上结合实际经验提出一种可以兼容两种测试标准的实验场地解决方案,对于实验人员执行测试以及建设同时满足两个标准测试能力的第三方试验室或研发实验室提供有益借鉴。 相似文献
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高压电气设备的绝缘结构长期处于工作场强作用下,在全部寿命期存在着一定强度的局部放电。局部放电测量及局部放电对设备的危害程度受海拔的影响较大。本文以6kV级高压电机线棒的局部放电特性随海拔变化的模拟试验结果,从理论上分析海拔对局部放电特性的影响,提出对局部放电测量进行海拔修正的建议,为高压电气设备的设计制造提供基础资料。 相似文献
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设备在遭遇不同程度的静电放电时,其自身的安全性和可靠性面临着巨大的考验。GB/T 17626.2-2006、GJB 1389A-2005和RTCA/DO-160F均描述了静电放电试验项目。比较分析这三个标准对该项目在试验目的、适用对象等方面的差异,可以发现这三个标准的考核要求和试验方法也不尽相同。GB/T 17626.2-2006是一项基础性标准,适用于各种电子设备;GJB 1389A-2005主要针对垂直起吊、空中加油系统以及军械分系统,考核其在装卸、运输和垂直补给过程中的安全性和可靠性;RTCA/DO-160F主要考核的是民航空运设备在经受静电脉冲后执行预期功能的能力。 相似文献
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臭氧对减少发动机排放污染物的分析与高效臭氧发生方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过臭氧对汽车排放的影响和电感放电的特性的分析,介绍了新型电感放电装置控制电路的工作原理和高效放电指叉的工作方法。 相似文献
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本文通过梳理我国污染源监管的历史沿革和日益严峻的环境污染问题,理清我国现阶段在污染源整个生命周期的不同阶段由不同环境部门主导的污染源监管模式和在此模式下形成的数出多源的数据库基本情况。从时间、空间、参与者三个角度分析该模式的缺点,针对环境统计、排污申报、排污收费等多个污染源数据库进行分析比较,列表找出各自数据的特点。通过分析指出我国污染源管理存在的不足,主要体现在污染源信息管理碎片化、多元化,数据互通性差,难以实现交换和共享,导致环境部门数据可靠性不高,信息公开不全面,社会公信力缺失。究其根本原因是我国目前缺乏一整套统一的、紧密衔接的污染源协同监管模式以及顺畅的污染源全过程管理数据流程。文章从实行排污许可证一证式管理制度、污染源企业报告制度、信息公开制度、加强违法处罚力度和完善企业环境信用等方面提出政策建议。 相似文献
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耿世刚 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2003,13(3):8-10
排污权交易是利用市场机制控制环境污染的有效途径。明确排污权的产权性质无论是对生产者还是对管理者都具有十分重要的意义。本论文将对排污权的产权性质和内涵进行分析。 相似文献
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耿世刚 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2001,(Z1)
寻找一种既能促进经济发展又能保护环境的控制环境污染的有效途径具有十分重要的意义。新制度经济理论为环境污染的控制及其政策的制定提供了理论基础。该理论认为,当传统的管制方法不能实现资源最优配置的时候,通过界定产权和进行产权交易的方法是可以得到满意结果的。 相似文献
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James F. Saunders William M. Lewis 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(1):33-45
ABSTRACT: The maximum concentration of a regulated substance that is allowed in a wastewater effluent usually is determined from the amount of dilution provided by the receiving water. Dilution flow is estimated from historical data by application of statistical criteria that define low flow conditions for regulatory purposes. Such use of historical data implies that the past is a good indicator of future conditions, at least for the duration of a discharge permit. Short records, however, introduce great uncertainty in the estimation of low flows because they are unlikely to capture events with recurrence frequencies of multiple years (e.g., ENSO events or droughts). We conducted an analysis of daily flows at several gages with long records in the South Platte River basin of Colorado. Low flows were calculated for successive time blocks of data (3‐, 5‐, 10‐, and 20‐years), and these were compared with low flows calculated for the entire period of record (> 70 years). In unregulated streams, time blocks of three or five years produce estimates of low flows that are highly variable and consistently greater than estimates derived from a longer period of record. Estimates of low flow from 10‐year blocks, although more stable, differ from the long term estimates by as much as a factor of two because of climate variation. In addition, the hydrographs of most streams in Colorado have been influenced by dams, diversions, or water transfers. These alterations to the natural flow regime shorten the record that is useful for analysis, but also tend to increase the calculated low flows. The presence of an upward trend in low flows caused by water use represents an unanticipated risk because it fails to incorporate societal response to severe drought conditions. Thus, climate variability poses a significant risk for water quality both directly, because it may not be represented adequately in the short periods of the hydrologic record that are typically used in permits, and indirectly, through its potential to cause altered use of water during time of scarcity. 相似文献
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Karl E. Havens Eric G. Flaig R. Thomas James Sergio Lostal Dera Muszick 《Environmental management》1996,20(4):585-593
During 1987–1992, a mandatory program to control phosphorus discharges was implemented at dairy operations located to the north of Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA. Thirty of 48 dairies participated in this program and implemented best management practices (BMPs), which included the construction of intensive animal waste management systems. Eighteen dairies closed their milkproducing operations under a government-funded buyout program. In this paper, we compare trends in runoff total phosphorus (TP) concentrations among the dairies that remained active and implemented BMPs. A central feature of the dairy waste management system is the high intensity area (HIA), defined as the milking barn and adjacent vegetation-free land, encircled by a drainage ditch and dike. Animal waste from the HIA is diverted into anaerobic lagoons and storage ponds, from which water is periodically removed and used for irrigation of field crops. The impacts of BMP construction on runoff TP concentrations were immediate and, in most cases, dramatic. Average TP concentrations declined significantly (P < 0.001), from 9.0 to 1.2 mg TP liter–1 at dairies in one basin (Lower Kissimmee River), and from 2.6 to 1.0 mg TP liter–1 in another (Taylor Creek/Nubbin Slough). Some sites experienced greater declines in TP than others. To elucidate possible causes for the difference in response, a multivariate statistical model was utilized. Independent variables included soil pH, soil drainage characteristics, spodic horizon depth, and the areas of different BMP components (pasture, HIA, spray fields). The analysis significantly separated dairies with the highest and lowest runoff TP concentrations. Lowest TP occurred at dairies having particular soil characteristic (shallow spodic horizon) and certain BMP features (large HIA and small heard pastures). 相似文献
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我国环境经济政策现状与发展建议 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文简述了我国环境经济政策的主要内容以及实施中遇到的突出问题,并结合《国务院关于落实科学发展观加强环境保护的决定》中关于环境经济政策的最新要求,提出了进一步推进和完善我国环境经济政策的建议。 相似文献