共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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针对目前天然气勘探开发项目环境影响评价不够系统的局限性,运用系统的思想观点和思维方法提出了天然气勘探开发项目综合环境影响评价指标体系.该评价体系把综合环境影响评价分为政策法规环境影响、自然生态环境影响、资源能源环境影响、经济环境影响、社会环境影响和科技环境影响等六大环境影响进行评价.借鉴环境影响评价的相关研究成果,分别为上述六大环境影响评价设计了具体的评价因子和评价指标. 相似文献
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实行环境影响报告书制度,对于防治新的污染和其它公害具有重要作用。目前,在编制环境影响报告书工作中,还存在一些急需改进的问题,主要是评价工作迟后,报告书的内容冗长,科学性、针对性和实用性差。本文拟结合吉林省珲春县矿区等工程评价实践,对如何提高环境影响评价的科学性、针对性和实用性问题,作如下讨论: (一)关于环境影响评价的科学性开展环境影响评价,是从保护环境的目的出发,在可行性研究阶段,通过对拟建项目建成投产后可能给环境带来的影响进行评价、论证,并提出保护环境的要求和对策, 相似文献
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论战略环境影响评价制度的若干主要内容 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
着重分析《环境影响评价法》有关战略环境影响评价制度的若干主要内容,包括战略环境影响评价的适用范围、公众参与和环境影响后评价制度,认为《环境影响评价法》有关战略环境影响评价制度的内容是先进的,但也指出了相关规定的些许不足。 相似文献
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《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2017,(6)
为更好地为特高压工程建设服务,促进特高压工程与环境协调发展,需要从环境影响评价阶段对特高压输变电工程产生的环境影响进行充分有效地预测和评价。以特高压直流输变电工程为例,通过层次分析法识别其主要环境影响评价因子为电磁影响因子和运行噪声,对换流站和输电线路运行期产生的电磁环境影响和可听噪声预测关键技术进行研究,对以往的特高压环评技术进行了优化,以更真实地反映特高压输变电工程产生的环境影响。 相似文献
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公路工程属易产生重大不良环境影响、易发生重大变动的建设项目,但由于重大变动判定标准不清晰、重新报批环评的时间节点不统一、变更环评文件形式和内容不规范等问题,导致环评违法违规现象频发,变更环评制度管理效能难以有效发挥。根据公路建设项目重大变动有关定义,结合环境影响评价技术导则、环境影响评价审批原则、公路建设项目工程特性,及调查和分析四川省公路建设项目环境影响重大变动重新报批情况,对公路建设项目环境影响重大变动环评要点进行归纳和总结,在一定程度上有利于环境影响评价制度的完善,可为公路建设项目重大变动环境影响评价文件的编制和审批提供思路。 相似文献
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Bassam Kattaa Walid Al-Fares Abdul Rahman Al Charideh 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(5):1103-1110
Vulnerability assessment to delineate areas that are more susceptible to contamination from anthropogenic sources has become an important element for sensible resource management and landuse planning. This contribution aims at estimating aquifer vulnerability by applying the RISKE model in Banyas Catchment Area (BCA), Tartous Prefecture, west Syria. An additional objective is to demonstrate the combined use of the RISKE model and a geographical information system (GIS) as an effective method for groundwater pollution risk assessment. The RISKE model uses five environmental parameters (Rock of aquifer media, Infiltration, Soil media, Karst, and Epikarst) to characterize the hydro-geological setting and evaluate aquifer vulnerability. The elevated eastern and low western part of the study area was dominated by high vulnerability classes, while the middle part was characterized by moderate vulnerability classes. Based on the vulnerability analysis, it was found that 2% and 39% of BCA is under low and high vulnerability to groundwater contamination, respectively, while more than 52% and 5% of the area of BCA can be designated as an area of moderate and very high vulnerability to groundwater contamination, respectively. The GIS technique has provided an efficient environment for analyses and high capabilities of handling a large amount of spatial data. 相似文献
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An integrated fuzzy-stochastic modeling approach for risk assessment of groundwater contamination 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
An integrated fuzzy-stochastic risk assessment (IFSRA) approach was developed in this study to systematically quantify both probabilistic and fuzzy uncertainties associated with site conditions, environmental guidelines, and health impact criteria. The contaminant concentrations in groundwater predicted from a numerical model were associated with probabilistic uncertainties due to the randomness in modeling input parameters, while the consequences of contaminant concentrations violating relevant environmental quality guidelines and health evaluation criteria were linked with fuzzy uncertainties. The contaminant of interest in this study was xylene. The environmental quality guideline was divided into three different strictness categories: "loose", "medium" and "strict". The environmental-guideline-based risk (ER) and health risk (HR) due to xylene ingestion were systematically examined to obtain the general risk levels through a fuzzy rule base. The ER and HR risk levels were divided into five categories of "low", "low-to-medium", "medium", "medium-to-high" and "high", respectively. The general risk levels included six categories ranging from "low" to "very high". The fuzzy membership functions of the related fuzzy events and the fuzzy rule base were established based on a questionnaire survey. Thus the IFSRA integrated fuzzy logic, expert involvement, and stochastic simulation within a general framework. The robustness of the modeling processes was enhanced through the effective reflection of the two types of uncertainties as compared with the conventional risk assessment approaches. The developed IFSRA was applied to a petroleum-contaminated groundwater system in western Canada. Three scenarios with different environmental quality guidelines were analyzed, and reasonable results were obtained. The risk assessment approach developed in this study offers a unique tool for systematically quantifying various uncertainties in contaminated site management, and it also provides more realistic support for remediation-related decisions. 相似文献
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环境质量是一个涉及多因素多层级的模糊概念,用经典数学进行环境质量评价,评判环境质量的等级只能用一个绝对判据来划分,无法处理模糊因素边界不清晰、中间过渡不分明的问题。本文应用模糊数学方法,在单环境因素模糊综合评价的基础上,进行了总体环境质量模糊综合评价的探讨,结合某区域环境实例,对其总体环境质量进行了模糊综合评价,并将评价结果与用经典数学评价结果进行了比较,比较表明,环境质量模糊评价方法较经典数学评价方法更客观更准确。 相似文献
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'Market transformation' of the significant urban development industry towards more sustainable practices is not moving at great pace. Design and assessment systems that may promote uptake of more sustainable urban design and development are reviewed briefly followed by a comparison between building and neighbourhood scales. For the latter there is a dearth of design and assessment tools for the residential built environment and of indicators to monitor progress towards sustainable development. Local authorities increasingly require an integrated approach to data collection and inclusion of infrastructure service providers in design, assessment and monitoring of urban development and associated environmental effects. By examining attempts to increase uptake of more sustainable residential development, the potential for tools and indicators at the neighbourhood scale to reduce environmental impact of the built environment is highlighted. It is recommended that built environment initiatives need to be combined with research into behavioural changes to achieve the desired outcome of a sustainable built environment and to increase the dialogue between communities, developers and local authorities. 相似文献
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Abstract ‘Market transformation’ of the significant urban development industry towards more sustainable practices is not moving at great pace. Design and assessment systems that may promote uptake of more sustainable urban design and development are reviewed briefly followed by a comparison between building and neighbourhood scales. For the latter there is a dearth of design and assessment tools for the residential built environment and of indicators to monitor progress towards sustainable development. Local authorities increasingly require an integrated approach to data collection and inclusion of infrastructure service providers in design, assessment and monitoring of urban development and associated environmental effects. By examining attempts to increase uptake of more sustainable residential development, the potential for tools and indicators at the neighbourhood scale to reduce environmental impact of the built environment is highlighted. It is recommended that built environment initiatives need to be combined with research into behavioural changes to achieve the desired outcome of a sustainable built environment and to increase the dialogue between communities, developers and local authorities. 相似文献
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土壤中污染物迁移模型在油田环境影响评价中的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在石油的生产、运输、贮存以及炼制等过程中都存在泄油、漏油风险,各生产过程中的废弃物,如油类、重金属等各种化学物质也会危害水土环境,进而危及当地地下水源。文章分析了油田企业污染物对土壤及地下水的主要污染途径,提出了将污染物在土壤中的迁移模型用于预测污染物浓度的方法。建立了污染物由土壤迁至室内空气、地下水、农作物及由地下水转移到地表水的迁移数学模型,该模型可以运用于油田环境影响评价。 相似文献
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战略环境影响评价的实施与对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
王民 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2005,15(1):27-29
战略环评将环境、社会和经济做为一个系统,进行整体、全面的综合评价,为决策提供依据、方案和措施,使决策更为科学、合理、严谨、可行,真正从决策到源头控制,减轻环境污染和生态破坏.从战略环境影响评价的兴起发展和法律意义入手,从理论和实践上全面系统的论述和探讨了如何有效实施战略环境影响评价的对策与措施. 相似文献