总磷测定中两种稀释方法的对照

在过硫酸钾消解－钼蓝比色法测定总磷中，当显色液吸光值超出校准曲线范围时，进行了显色液稀释后再行测定的试验，试验结果与水样稀释重新消解[测定所得结果作统计检验，两者间无显著性差异，稀释倍数最大不宜超过4倍。     

Pollen allergy related to the area of residence in the city of Córdoba,south-west Spain

The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the distribution of hay-fever patients in the city of Córdoba, south-western Iberian Peninsula, and the specific atmospheric biological content originating from local sources. Four different districts were established in the metropolitan area of the city, according to vegetational and urbanistic characteristics. Air samples were taken in each area using portable Hirst-type samplers (Lanzoni VPPS 1000) and the spectrum of biological content was defined. Patients attending the Allergy Unit at Córdoba Teaching Hospital in 2000 with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma, and displaying a positive reaction to aeroallergen extracts, were distributed within the areas as a function of their district of residence. Aerobiological results revealed differences in pollen content between areas, in terms of both quantity and number of pollen types recorded. These differences were largely due to proximity to rural areas, prevalence of pollen from typically urban species and the possible effect of urban architecture as a barrier to the dispersal/ concentration of particles and other pollutants. Patients were not uniformly distributed within the city. The majority lived in districts in which pollen from rural species was mixed with pollen from ornamentals. Patients living in typically urban districts displayed a higher prevalence of allergy to pollen from ornamentals. It is concluded that a high degree of exposure to the same environment may influence the development of sensitisation to the particular pollen load associated with that area.     

用灰色关联度方法进行水污染因子分析

介绍了灰色关联度因子分析方法,以及此法在水污染因子分析中的应用.对于一般监测资料系列短而监测项目却较齐全的情况,应用本法是较适宜的.     

Assessment of China's economic loss resulting from the degradation of agricultural land in the end of 20th century

Land degradation is a consequence stemming from both natural processes and social economic activities. On the bases of analyzing general situation of agricultural land degradation in China, the monetary estimating methods such as market value method and shadow engineering method were used to quantitatively assess the economic loss resulting from land deterioration. Results showed that the economic loss in 1999 was 326.8l billion RMB Yuan, which accounted for 4.1% of GDP in the same year of China. If taking five items namely farmland conversion, soil erosion, salinization, decline in reservoir functions, and siltation in waterways and, comparing with that in 1992, the percentage of economic loss to GDP has increased by 1.5 in the only 7 years.     

基于生态功能考虑的西北干旱地区生态需水研究

在当前生态需水研究的基础上,选取植被盖度作为衡量绿洲生态功能的主要指标,根据植被盖度和侵蚀率之间的关系,从生态系统的需水机理出发,提出了基于生态功能考虑的西北干旱地区生态需水量计算方法.以额济纳绿洲为例,计算了2000年额济纳绿洲生态需水,并与额济纳绿洲不同时期的生态需水进行了对比分析.     

流动注射在线氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定环境水样中痕量无机汞和有机汞

提出了一种流动注射在线氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定水样中痕量无机汞和有机汞的分析方法。以溴化剂作为有机汞的消解剂 ,在有、无溴化剂的存在下 ,采用流动注射在线氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法分别测定总汞和无机汞 ,差减法求出有机汞的含量。方法操作简便快速 ,灵敏度高 ,干扰少 ,经加标回收实验验证 ,回收率达 95 %～ 10 5 %。     

生活垃圾生物处理的研究与展望

综述了国内外生活垃圾生物处理的研究进展和目前生活垃圾微生物研究水平，以及生活垃圾处理发展趋势与新动向，在此基础上提出了生活垃圾处理的建议和展望。     

不同气氛下燃煤SO2的排放规律研究

在立式管状电加热炉上对合山高硫煤在不同的气氛、温度以及Ca／S比的条件下进行了动态燃烧实验，对收集的气体产物进行了红外光谱分析，并讨论了CO2浓度以及温度等因素对SO2释放的影响。结果表明：不同浓度的CO2气氛对煤燃烧过程中硫的释放以及石灰石的固硫效率有着不同的影响，在高于900℃以后，较之空气气氛下，无论是否存在钙基固硫剂，其它三种02／C02气氛下S02的排放量都比较低，且在不同C02浓度下，温度对S02的排放影响不一致。     

一例住宅甲醛超标引起外周血贫血的分析报告

通过对1例住宅装修中甲醛超标引起户主外周血贫血病例的分析，评价甲醛对人体健康的危害，简述室内空气污染物对人体健康的危害。     

氯化处理船舶压载水对外来生物存活的影响

初步研究了氯化处理船舶压载水对外业生物存活的影响。结果表明，氯化自理对杀灭中的细菌最为有效；对单细胞灌类则依种类需要不同浓度的有效氯，有的种类在４０ｍｇ／Ｌ有效氯作用下依然能存活。