稻秆对铜绿微囊藻抑制作用的研究

研究了稻秆浸出液对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制作用.研究表明,稻秆浸出液中含有的化学物质抑制了铜绿微囊藻的生长繁殖.稻秆浸泡时间的延长,有利于提高浸出液的抑藻效果,但浸泡时间过长则无益于抑藻效果提高,浸泡时间为15 d时,抑制率能高达75.99%.稻秆浸出液投加量达7.5%以上具有显著的抑藻效果.不同部位的水稻秸秆浸出液对铜绿...     

TiO2/凹凸棒土复合催化剂的制备及光催化降解活性大红

以凹凸棒土作为载体,以 TiOSO4为钛源,采用超声分散-再沉淀法制备了 TiO2粒径为 10 nm 左右的锐钛矿型 TiO2/凹凸棒土复合催化剂.并采用 X 射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、X 射线能谱仪对复合催化剂进行了表征.制备复合催化剂的最佳条件:凹凸棒土与 TiO2的质量比为 1:3.0,煅烧温度为 450 ℃....     

The dissipation rates of trichlorfon and its degradation product dichlorvos in cabbage and soil

The residual levels and dissipation rate of trichlorfon, and its degradation product, dichlorvos, in cabbage crops and the soil in which these were grown, were determined by gas chromatography at two geographically distant experimental sites, one in Kunming and one in Beijing, China. Trichlorfon was applied at two dosages (900 g ai ha⁻¹ and 1350 g ai ha⁻¹). Maximum final residues of trichlorfon in soil and cabbage were 1.23 mg kg⁻¹ and 1.81 mg kg⁻¹ respectively at Kunming, and 0.35 mg kg⁻¹ and 0.70 mg kg⁻¹ respectively at Beijing. However, the final residues of dichlorvos in both cabbage and soil was only 0.04 mg kg⁻¹ at Kunming, and only 0.03 mg kg⁻¹, or “not detectable”, at Beijing. The mean half-life of trichlorfon in cabbage was 1.80 d with a dissipation rate of 90% over 5 d, while that in soil was 3.05 d with a dissipation rate of 90% over 14 d at one experimental site. The dissipation rates of trichlorfon and its degradation product dichlorvos at the two experimental sites were different, suggesting that degradation of these pesticides was affected by local soil characteristics and climate. When applied at both the recommended dosage and at 1.5 times this, no detectable residues of either trichlorfon or dichlorvos were found in soil or cabbage at harvest. Although trichlorfon can easily degrade into dichlorvos, which is highly toxic to humans and other animals, the observed low residual levels of dichlorvos suggest that trichlorfon is safe when applied at the recommended dosage.     

基于活性污泥的厨余垃圾厌氧发酵产酸研究

以厨余垃圾和活性污泥为原料,考察了不同接种比例对厌氧发酵产物的挥发性脂肪酸产量、pH值和COD去除率的影响.结果表明,当厨余垃圾和活性污泥接种比例为4∶1时,挥发性脂肪酸产量在第3天达到最大值为42.7 g/L,产率提高了40%,COD去除率达到了35.6%,pH值没有发生较大的差异,其变化幅度在4～6之间.     

天津市污水再生利用经验与现状分析

对天津市污水再生利用发展现状进行了分析,总结了以双膜工艺为核心的天津污水再生利用工艺的运行管理经验.在上述基础上分析了天津市污水再生利用中存在的问题,并针对推动再生水产业发展提出总体对策,为我国再生水技术和行业的发展提供参考.     

绿洲土Pb-Zn复合胁迫下重金属形态特征和生物有效性

通过对Pb-Zn复合胁迫下干旱区绿洲土壤中油菜种植进行盆栽试验模拟,探讨了重金属复合污染对油菜生长的影响及其各形态之间的转化规律和生物有效性.结果表明,低浓度Pb、Zn处理下,油菜生长得到促进,茎叶生长优势大于根系.随着外源重金属的投加,土壤中Pb、Zn主要赋存形态较对照均由紧结合态向松结合态转化,重金属生物有效性提升;可交换态Pb、碳酸盐结合态Zn分别是油菜不同部位吸收Pb、Zn的主要贡献形态.油菜在低浓度胁迫水平对Pb、Zn的富集能力和转移能力强于高浓度胁迫水平,且油菜对Pb、Zn的富集、迁移系数均随土壤中对应元素或共存元素生物有效态含量的增大而减小.所有处理中,油菜茎叶中的Pb含量均超出了食品安全限量指标,建议在此类土壤种植叶菜类蔬菜前进行相关指标检测.     

Insight into metal binding properties of biochar-derived DOM using EEM-PARAFAC and differential absorption spectra combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A large amount of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) will be released into the environment with biochars application into repairing...     

Impact of land use on shallow groundwater quality characteristics associated with human health risks in a typical agricultural area in Central China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater pollution seriously threatens water resource safety due to high-intensity land use throughout the world. However, the relationship between...     

Efficient mineralization of gaseous benzyl chloride by VUV/UV photodegradation in humid air

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - VUV/UV photodegradation technology, which is free of catalysts or oxidants, has been regarded as an efficient method to decompose gaseous VOCs....     

The effects of autophagy in rat tracheal epithelial cells induced by silver nanoparticles

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The massive use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is potentially harmful to exposed humans. Although previous studies have found that AgNPs can induce...