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151.
采用依时间序列进行对比的方法,考察了高锰酸盐复合剂(PPC)对饮用水源的强化除污染效能。生产性实验结果表明,PPC具有优良的强化混凝和强化过滤效能,能显著降低水厂沉后水和滤后水的浊度、CODMn、UV254等水质指标。与未投加时相比较,水厂投加PPC后沉后水和滤后水浊度分别降低了25%和33.3%,沉后水和滤后水CODMn去除率分别提高了15.3%和11.5%,UV254去除率分别提高了16.3%和9.5%。同时,GC/MS分析表明PPC能有效去除水源水中的多种微量有机污染物,显著提高饮用水的化学安全性。PPC通过高锰酸钾的氧化作用,水合二氧化锰的吸附作用,以及各组分间的协同强化作用,显著提高了对水中污染物质的去除效率。 相似文献
152.
用于青霉素废水处理的高效菌株的分离及特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从某制药厂污水处理站的活性污泥中筛选出两株能以青霉素废水中有机物为惟一碳源和能源的高效降解菌k1和k2。通过形态及生理生化特征分析,初步鉴定2株菌为芽孢菌,其中k2为短小芽孢杆菌(bacillus pumilus)。2株菌的最适pH值分别为8和7,温度均为35℃,当废水含量50%时,菌株k1和k2对青霉素废水的COD去除率分别为79%和81%。单菌株与混合菌株对废水的降解特性试验表明,前48 h混菌对废水的去除率不及单菌株,而48 h后混合菌株去除率高于单菌株,60 h时达到最高为85%。 相似文献
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155.
Zhu J Cao XL Pigeon R Mitchell K 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2003,53(1):67-76
Three diesel fuels, one oil sand-derived (OSD) diesel serving as base fuel, one cetane-enhanced base fuel, and one oxygenate [diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEDM)]-blended base fuel, were tested for their emission characterizations in vehicle exhaust on a light-duty diesel truck that reflects the engine technology of the 1994 North American standard. Both the cetane-enhanced and the oxygenate-blended fuels were able to reduce regulated [CO, particulate matter (PM), total hydrocarbon (THC)] and nonregulated [polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carbonyls, and other volatile organic chemicals] emissions, except for nitrogen oxides (NO(x)), compared with the base fuel. Although burning a fuel that contains oxygen could conceivably yield more oxygenated compounds in emissions, the oxygenate-blended diesel fuel resulted in reduced emissions of formaldehyde along with hydrocarbons such as benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and PAHs. Reductions in nitro-PAH emissions have been observed in both the cetane-enhanced and oxygenated fuels. This further demonstrates the benefits of using a cetane enhancer and the oxygenated fuel component. 相似文献
156.
Simultaneous removal of nitrogen oxide/nitrogen dioxide/sulfur dioxide from gas streams by combined plasma scrubbing technology 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chang MB Lee HM Wu F Lai CR 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2004,54(8):941-949
Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) [nitrogen oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2)] and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are removed individually in traditional air pollution control technologies. This study proposes a combined plasma scrubbing (CPS) system for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx. CPS consists of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and wet scrubbing in series. DBD is used to generate nonthermal plasmas for converting NO to NO2. The water-soluble NO2 then can be removed by wet scrubbing accompanied with SO2 removal. In this work, CPS was tested with simulated exhausts in the laboratory and with diesel-generator exhausts in the field. Experimental results indicate that DBD is very efficient in converting NO to NO2. More than 90% removal of NO, NOx, and SO2 can be simultaneously achieved with CPS. Both sodium sulfide (Na2S) and sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) scrubbing solutions are good for NO2 and SO2 absorption. Energy efficiencies for NOx and SO2 removal are 17 and 18 g/kWh, respectively. The technical feasibility of CPS for simultaneous removal of NO, NO2, and SO2 from gas streams is successfully demonstrated in this study. However, production of carbon monoxide as a side-product (approximately 100 ppm) is found and should be considered. 相似文献
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158.
通过中试试验考察了高锰酸盐复合药剂(PPC)预氧化强化混凝/沉淀/超滤的组合工艺的除藻效能以及PPC预氧化对藻类引起的膜污染的缓解作用,并对其机理进行了探讨.试验结果表明,投加0.6mg·L-1PPC能使预处理阶段对藻类的平均去除率提高约28%.组合工艺处理高藻水时,PPC预氧化通过强化预处理,降低膜表面的污染负荷,对藻源污染物引起可逆和不可逆污染均具有一定的缓解作用.化学清洗试验结果表明,碱洗对超滤膜TMP恢复效果远远强于酸洗,因而有机物是超滤膜处理高藻水时的主要污染物质. 相似文献
159.
本文参照英国考文垂大学灾害学本科专业教育特征,结合我国的灾害学本科教育现状,探讨灾害学本科专业教育发展问题。建议在我国的高等教育学科设置体系中,将与灾害相关的学科设置由三级学科提升至二级学科,同时在我国高等院校直接设置与灾害相关的专业。 相似文献
160.
Biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in drip irrigation emitters
distributing reclaimed wastewater 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Using reclaimed wastewater for crop irrigation is a practical alternative to discharge wastewater treatment plant effluents into surface waters.However,biofouling has been identified as a major contributor to emitter clogging in drip irrigation systems distributing reclaimed wastewater.Little is known about the biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in the drip emitter flow path.This study was first to investigate the microbial characteristics of mature biofilms present in the emitters and the effect of flow path structures on the biofilm microbial communities.The analysis of biofilm matrix structure using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that particles in the matrix of the biofilm coupled extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and formed sediment in the emitter flow path.Analysis of biofilm mass including protein,polysaccharide and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) showed that emitter flow path style influenced biofilm community structure and diversity.The correlations of biofilm biomass and discharge reduction after 360 h irrigation were computed and suggest that PFLAs provide the best correlation coefficient.Comparatively,the emitter with the unsymmetrical dentate structure and shorter flow path (Emitter C) had the best anti-clogging capability.By optimizing the dentate structure,the internal flow pattern within the flow path could be enhanced as an important method to control the biofilm within emitter flow path.This study established electron microscope techniques and biochemical microbial analysis methods that may provide a framework for future emitter biofilm studies. 相似文献