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51.
Haozhi Long Yilin Wang Sijing Chang Guangxiu Liu Tuo Chen Guanghua Huo Wei Zhang Xiukun Wu Xisheng Tai Likun Sun Baogui Zhang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(3):116
The aim of this study was to survey the response of the microbial community to crude oil and the diversity of alkane hydroxylase (alkB) genes in soil samples from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). The enrichment cultures and clone libraries were used. Finally, 53 isolates and 94 alkB sequences were obtained from 10 pristine soil samples after enrichment at 10 °C with crude oil as sole carbon source. The isolates fell into the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, with the dominance of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. The composition of degraders was different from polar habitats where Acinetobacter sp. is not a predominant responder of alkane degradative microbial communities. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the alkB genes from isolates and enrichment communities formed eight clusters and mainly related with alkB genes of Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Acinetobacter. The alkB gene diversity in the QTP was lower than marine environments and polar soil samples. In particular, a total of 10 isolates exhibiting vigorous growth with crude oil could detect no crude oil degradation-related gene sequences, such as alkB, P450, almA, ndoB, and xylE genes. The Shannon-Wiener index of the alkB clone libraries from the QTP ranged from 1.00 to 2.24 which is similar with polar pristine soil samples but lower than that of contaminated soils. These results indicated that the Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Rhodococcus genera are the candidate for in situ bioremediation, and the environment of QTP may be still relatively uncontaminated by crude oil. 相似文献
52.
Bioaccumulation of zinc,lead, copper,and cadmium from contaminated sediments by native plant species and Acrida cinerea in South China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chang Zhang Na Song Guang-Ming Zeng Min Jiang Jia-Chao Zhang Xin-Jiang Hu An-Wei Chen Jia-Mei Zhen 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(3):1735-1745
This research was conducted to search and identify spontaneously growing heavy metal-tolerant plant species that are potentially useful for phytoremediation in contaminated sediment. Five sites were selected for collection of plants growing on polluted shore (river bank) sediment of the Xiang River, China. The concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd in plants, sediments, and grasshoppers were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS700, Perkin-Elmer, USA). Considering translocation factor and bioaccumulation factor, Rumex crispus (Polygonaceae), Rumex dentatus (Polygonaceae), and Lagopsis supina (Labiatae) could be potentially useful for phytostabilization of metals. R. crispus can be considered potentially useful for phytoextraction of Cd. In light of the biomagnification factors, grasshoppers are deconcentrators for Pb and Cd, microconcentrators for Zn and macroconcentrators for Cu to the plants, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report on Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd accumulation in R. crispus and L. supina, providing a pioneer contribution to the very small volume of data available on the potential use of native plant species from contaminated sediments in phytostabilization and phytoremediation technologies. 相似文献
53.
Ni-Bin Chang Y. Jeffrey Yang James A. Goodrich Ammarin Daranpob 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(6):1397-1413
Global climate change will influence environmental conditions including temperature, surface radiation, soil moisture, and sea level, and it will also significantly impact regional-scale hydrologic processes such as evapotranspiration (ET), precipitation, runoff, and snowmelt. The quantity and quality of water available for drinking and other domestic usage is also likely to be affected by changes in these processes. Consequently, it is necessary to assess and reflect upon the challenges ahead for water infrastructure and the general public in metropolitan regions. One approach to the problem is to use index-based assessment, forecasting and planning. The drought indices previously developed were not developed for domestic water supplies, and thus are insufficient for the purpose of such an assessment. This paper aims to propose and develop a “Metropolitan Water Availability Index (MWAI)” to assess the status of both the quantity and quality of available potable water sources diverted from the hydrologic cycle in a metropolitan region. In this approach, the accessible water may be expressed as volume per month or week (i.e., m3/month or m3/week) relative to a prescribed historical record, and such a trend analysis may result in final MWAI values ranging from ?1 to +1 for regional water management decision making. The MWAI computation uses data and information from both historical point measurements and spatial remote-sensing based monitoring. Variables such as precipitation, river discharge, and water quality changes at drinking water plant intakes at specific locations are past “point” measurements in MWAI calculations. On the other hand, remote sensing provides information on both spatial and temporal distributions of key variables. Examples of remote-sensing images and sensor network technologies are in-situ sensor networks, ground-based radar, air-borne aircraft, and even space-borne satellites. A case study in Tampa Bay, Florida is described to demonstrate the short-term assessment of the MWAI concept at a practical level. It is anticipated that such a forecasting methodology may be extended for middle-term and long-term water supply assessment. 相似文献
54.
Chien-Song Chyang Yun-Long Han Li-Wei Wu Hou-Peng Wan Hom-Ti Lee Ying-Hsi Chang 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(7):1334-1340
Pollutant emissions from co-firing of refuse derived fuel (RDF) and coal were investigated in a vortexing fluidized bed combustor (VFBC). RDF-5 was made of common municipal solid waste (MSW). CaCO3 was injected in the combustor to absorb HCl at 850 °C. The results show that NOx and HCl emissions increase with RDF-5 co-firing ratio. The NOx concentration in flue gas at the bottom of the combustor is higher than that at the top. However, the trend of HCl released is reverse compared with NOx emissions. It was found that the HCl concentration decreases with increasing the molar ratio of Ca/Cl. However, the effect of CaCO3 addition on HCl retention is not significant when the molar ratio of Ca/Cl is higher than 5. The chlorine content in fly ash increases obviously with the molar ratio of Ca/Cl. PCDD/Fs emissions decrease slightly with an addition of CaCO3. In this study incomplete combustion is regarded as the main cause for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) formation. 相似文献
55.
Tsang-Jung Chang 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1043-1053
Abstract A computational fluid dynamics technique was used to evaluate the effect of traffic pollution on indoor air quality of a naturally ventilated building for various ventilation control strategies. The transport of street-level nonreactive pollutants emitted from motor vehicles through the indoor environment was simulated using the large eddy simulation (LES) of the turbulent flows and the pollutant transport equations. The numerical model developed herein was verified by available wind-tunnel measurements. Good agreement with the measured velocity and concentration data was found. Twelve sets of numerical scenario simulations for various roof- and side-vent openness and outdoor wind speeds were carried out. The effects of the air change rate, the indoor airflow pattern, and the external pollutant dispersion on indoor air quality were investigated. The control strategies of ventilation rates and paths for reducing incoming vehicle pollutants and maintaining a desirable air change rate are proposed to reduce the impact of outdoor traffic pollution during traffic rush hours. It was concluded that the windward side vent is a significant factor contributing to air change rate and indoor air quality. Air intakes on the leeward side of the building can effectively reduce the peak and average indoor concentration of traffic pollutants, but the corresponding air change rate is relatively low. Using the leeward cross-flow ventilation with the windward roof vent can effectively lower incoming vehicle pollutants and maintain a desirable air change rate during traffic rush hours. 相似文献
56.
Hu Xiaobing Wang Kun Chang Jing Zhang Lin Zhong Meiying Nie Yong 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(14):17084-17097
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microfaunal identification and analysis are very complex; thus, an image analysis method was utilized in this paper to overcome the shortcomings of... 相似文献
57.
Zhang Xue Cui Chunyue Zheng Qingzhu Wang Ying Chang Jing Wang Shuxian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37424-37434
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and further modified with magnetic Co0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles... 相似文献
58.
Wen Jianghui Zhen Bianyu Pu Zhenyu Peng Xia Tan Junjun Shao Zhongbao Bao Bosheng Ran Zhiping Gao Qishuang Deng Bing 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(9):10564-10575
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The livestock manure nitrogen load on farmland (LMNLF) is often used to assess the potential environmental pollution risk of livestock manure nitrogen... 相似文献
59.
Tsai Tsung-Ying Lo Li-Wei Liu Shin-Huei Cheng Wen-Han Chou Yu-Hui Lin Wei-Lun Lin Yenn-Jiang Chang Shih-Lin Hu Yu-Feng Chung Fa-Po Liao Jo-Nan Chao Tze-Fan Lo Men-Tzung Yang Hui-Wen Chen Shih-Ann 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(9):10931-10939
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There is a delayed (lag 1 to 2 days) correlation between acute PM 2.5 (particulate matter <?2.5 μm in aerodynamic... 相似文献
60.
Nguyen Xuan Cuong Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen Bui Xuan-Thanh Tran Xuan Vu Tran Thi Cuc Phuong Hoang Nhung Thi Tuyet La Duc Duong Chang Soon Woong Ngo Huu Hao Nguyen Dinh Duc 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(45):63589-63598
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The failure of the centralized water supply system forced XY community to become more dependent on uncertain and unstable water sources. The results... 相似文献