Prenatal exposure to air pollution and the risk of eczema in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - An increasing number of studies investigated the association between air pollution during pregnancy and the risk of eczema in offspring. However, no...     

Effect of applying persulfate on the accumulation of arsenic in rice plants grown in arsenic-contaminated paddy soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Arsenic is known to be a notorious human carcinogen and rice consumption is becoming the primary human exposure route for As, especially in many Asian...     

DDT在武汉地区三种典型土壤中的吸附和迁移特征

采取室内模拟试验方法,研究了滴滴涕（DDT）在武汉地区三种不同土质类型土壤中的吸附和迁移特征。结果表明：DDT在A、B、C三种土壤中的吸附符合线性吸附方程,在24h左右达到平衡,吸附过程为自发的物理吸附,Kd值在0.3~1.41mL/g之间,Kd值大小顺序依次为A种土〉B种土〉C种土;土柱淋溶试验表明一周后DDT在A种土、B种土和C种土中最大迁移深度分别为11.0cm、13.2cm、15.4cm;影响DDT在土壤中吸附的重要因素之一是土壤中有机质含量;土壤中的DDT对地下水污染存在潜在的风险性,应引起高度重视。     

气提式内循环膜生物反应器试验研究

针对膜生物反应器存在的膜污染和能耗高的问题，结合气提式内循环和一体式膜生物反应器处理废水的工艺特点，提出圆柱形套筒气提式内循环膜生物反应器。试验结果表明，同等曝气强度和曝气方式下，气提式内循环膜生物反应器中氧传质系数（KLa）高于一般膜生物反应器；膜间水流流速是一般膜生物反应器的1.53～2.44倍，提高了膜面的水力冲刷作用，可减缓膜污染；对反应器膜过滤性能的考察，表明气提式内循环膜生物反应器较一般膜生物反应器有更好的膜过滤性能和抗污染能力。反应器中添加内循环，污泥活性有所下降，但对实际废水的去除效果影响不大，污泥活性较为稳定。     

浅论环境监测数据的综合分析方法

准确、可靠、可比的环境监测数据是环境科学研究工作的基础，是环境管理的依据。在第一时间判断出监测分析数据是否合理的基础上，再对监测分析的数据作进一步的分析评价，是整个数据综合分析的基础，为进一步综合分析数据提供了依据。本文通过分析几种常用的监测数据的分析方法，说明对监测数据进行综合分析是至关重要的。     

酶联免疫吸附分析法测定环境水体中的萘

使用自制的包被原和抗萘多克隆兔抗体,建立了测定环境水体中痕量萘的间接竞争酶联免疫吸附法,并优化了实验条件.工作曲线线性方程为I=8.394logρ+50.21(I为抑制率,ρ为萘的质量浓度),线性范围10~(-3)～10 μg/L内的相关系数为0.985 6,方法灵敏度为0.944 μg/L,检出限为0.250 ng/L,回收率为86.00%～106.00%,批间误差为5.00%～15.00%,批内误差为2.00%～8.00%,与四种结构类似物的交叉率均小于14.0%.     

白腐菌去除氯代酚动力学研究

使用Volterra模型描述 2 ,4-二氯酚体系中白腐菌生长动力学 ,建立氯代酚去除部分偶联型动力学方程 ,描述了生物降解体系中降解菌与目标化合物的反应历程 ,利用动力学方法初步探讨批次反应时生物吸附在氯代酚去除过程中的作用     

Evaluating the air quality impacts of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games: On-road emission factors and black carbon profiles

The aggressive traffic interventions and emission control measures implemented to improve air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games created a valuable case study to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures on mitigating air pollution and protecting public health. In this paper, we report the results from our field campaign in summer 2008 on the on-road emission factors of carbon monoxide, black carbon (BC) and ultrafine particles (UFP) as well as the ambient BC concentrations. The fleet average emission factors for light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGV) showed considerable reduction in the Olympic year (2008) compared to the pre-Olympic year (2007). Our measurement of Black Carbon (BC), a primary pollutant, at different elevations at the ambient site suggests consistent decrease in BC concentrations as the height increased near the ground level, which indicates that the nearby ground level sources, probably dominated by traffic, contributed to a large portion of BC concentrations in the lower atmospheric layer in Beijing during summertime. These observations indicate that people living in near ground levels experience higher exposures than those living in higher floors in Beijing. The BC diurnal patterns on days when traffic control were in place during the Olympic Games were compared to those on non-traffic-control days in both 2007 and in 2008. These patterns strongly suggest that diesel trucks are a major source of summertime BC in Beijing. The median BC concentration on Olympic days was 3.7 μg m⁻³, which was dramatically lower than the value on non-traffic-control days, indicating the effectiveness of traffic control regulations in BC reduction in Beijing.     

高碱高浊浮选废水混凝处理实验研究

介绍了一种超稳定、高碱度、高浊度浮选废水处理的实验研究.根据废水性质,确定以石灰和PAM(聚丙烯酰胺)作为混凝药剂处理高碱高浊度浮选废水.研究结果表明,当石灰的投加量为300 mg/L,PAM投加量为4 mg/L,沉淀时间为30 min时,出水悬浮物去除率达99%以上,浊度由原水的11 000多降低到3NTU左右,TP<0.5 mg/L,COD<60 mg/L,为废水回用奠定了基础,每m3废水的药剂成本约为0.1元,从而确定了一种经济有效的处理方法.