Short-duration hydrothermal fermentation of food waste: preparation of soil conditioner for amending organic-matter-impoverished arable soils

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil conditioners can be used to compensate for the insufficient soil nutrition and organic matter (OM) of arable soils. However, the traditional...     

Manganese-modified biochar for highly efficient sorption of cadmium

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, corn stalk was modified by manganese (Mn) before (MBC1) and after (MBC2) pyrolysis at different temperatures (400~600 °C)...     

Biodegradability of Epoxidized Soybean Oil Based Thermosets in Compost Soil Environment

In this study, bio-thermoset from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was prepared in the presence of methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride curing agent and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole catalyst. The crosslink densities of the synthesized ESO are ranged from 0.109 × 10^?3 to 0.308 × 10^?3 mol/cm³. The ESO bio-thermosets were exposed to the soil-burial test for 8 months. Weight change and morphology of the degraded ESO specimens were assessed. It was found that the weight loss of ESO was governed by the materials compositions, crosslink density and the soil-burial exposure time. The 3 mm thickness ESO bio-thermosets with crosslink density of 0.109 × 10^?3 mol/cm³ had fully biodegraded after soil-burial for 6 months. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out to identify the soil microorganisms. It was suggested that Comamonas sp., Bacillus sp., Streptomyces sp. and Acinetobacter sp. are the possible soil microbes that degrade the ESO bio-thermosets in the compost soil environment.     

Nitrogen fertility and abiotic stresses management in cotton crop: a review

This review outlines nitrogen (N) responses in crop production and potential management decisions to ameliorate abiotic stresses for better crop production. N is a primary constituent of the nucleotides and proteins that are essential for life. Production and application of N fertilizers consume huge amounts of energy, and excess is detrimental to the environment. Therefore, increasing plant N use efficiency (NUE) is important for the development of sustainable agriculture. NUE has a key role in crop yield and can be enhanced by controlling loss of fertilizers by application of humic acid and natural polymers (hydrogels), having high water-holding capacity which can improve plant performance under field conditions. Abiotic stresses such as waterlogging, drought, heat, and salinity are the major limitations for successful crop production. Therefore, integrated management approaches such as addition of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), the film antitranspirant (di-1-p-menthene and pinolene) nutrients, hydrogels, and phytohormones may provide novel approaches to improve plant tolerance against abiotic stress-induced damage. Moreover, for plant breeders and molecular biologists, it is a challenge to develop cotton cultivars that can tolerate plant abiotic stresses while having high potential NUE for the future.     

竹林土壤中甲基对硫磷降解菌的降解效果及其与土壤物理特性的关系

采用实验室控制试验研究了甲基对硫磷降解菌在竹林土壤生态系统中的降解效果及其与土壤物理特性的关系。试验结果表明，邻单胞菌（DLL-1）具有高效性，甲基对硫磷初始浓度为15 mg/kg干土，第5 d竹林土壤上、中和下层的降解率分别为88.6%、85.9%和79.2%，相应的半衰期为2.5、2.84与3.79 d。甲基对硫磷在土壤中的不同粒径范围吸附情况是不同的，从而影响DLL-1菌的降解效果，表现为土壤中粘粒含量与降解率呈显著正相关。孔隙度也是影响降解效果的一个因素，上中下3层的降解率随着孔隙度的减小而降低。     

Using diatom indices for water quality assessment in a subtropical river, China

Diatoms have been regularly used as bioindicators to assess water quality of surface waters. However, diatom-based indices developed for a specific geographic region may not be appropriate elsewhere. We sampled benthic diatom assemblages in the upper Han River, a subtropical river in China, to evaluate applicability of 14 diatom-based indices used worldwide for water quality assessment. A total of 194 taxa from 31 genera were identified in the dry season and 139 taxa from 23 genera in the wet season. During the dry season, significant relationships were found for all but one of the diatom-based indices (Index Diatom Artois–Picardie) with one or more physical and chemical variables including nutrients and ion concentrations in river waters. The Biological Diatom Index (IBD) and diatom-based eutrophication/pollution index (EPI-D) were strongly related to trophic status and ionic content, while Watanabe’s Index was related to organic pollution and conductivity. Yet, the diatom indices showed weak relationships with physical and chemical variables during the wet season. It suggests that diatom-based indices developed in Europe can be applied with confidence as bioindicators of water quality in subtropical rivers of China, at least during base-flow conditions.     

Characterization of titanium oxide optical band gap produced from leachate sludge treatment with titanium tetrachloride

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study investigated the coagulation performance of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) for leachate treatment and preparation of titanium oxide (TiO2)...     

An improved method used for evaluating potential environmental pollution risk based on spatial distribution and density of farms

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The livestock manure nitrogen load on farmland (LMNLF) is often used to assess the potential environmental pollution risk of livestock manure nitrogen...     

The interaction effects of FEN1 rs174538 polymorphism and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on damage in exon 19 and 21 of EGFR gene in coke oven workers

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and genetic susceptibility were conductive to genotoxic effects including gene damage, which can increase mutational probability. We aimed to explore the dose-effect associations of PAH exposure with damage of exons of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), as well as their associations whether modified by Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) genotype. Two hundred eighty-eight coke oven male workers were recruited, and we detected the concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-pyr) as PAH exposure biomarker in urine and examined base modification in exons of EGFR and BRCA1 respectively, and genotyped FEN1 rs174538 polymorphism in plasma. We found that the damage indexes of exon 19 and 21 of EGFR (EGFR-19 and EGFR-21) were both significantly associated with increased urinary 1-OH-pyr (both P_trend < 0.001). The levels of urinary 1-OH-pyr were both significantly associated with increased EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 in both smokers and nonsmokers (both P < 0.001). Additionally, we observed that the urinary 1-OH-pyr concentrations were linearly associated with both EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 only in rs174538 GA+AA genotype carriers (both P < 0.001). Moreover, FEN1rs rs174538 showed modifying effects on the associations of urinary 1-OH-pyr with EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 (both P_interaction < 0.05). Our findings revealed the linear dose-effect association between exon damage of EGFR and PAH exposure and highlight differences in genetic contributions to exon damage and have the potential to identify at-risk subpopulations who are susceptible to adverse health effects induced by PAH exposure.

     

NO2 catalytic formation,consumption, and efflux in various types of diesel particulate filter

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The high NO2/NOX ratio in the after-treatment system is beneficial to its performance and achieved by NO catalytic conversion in diesel oxidation...