全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4224篇 |
免费 | 74篇 |
国内免费 | 39篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 229篇 |
废物处理 | 143篇 |
环保管理 | 1103篇 |
综合类 | 401篇 |
基础理论 | 1029篇 |
环境理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 936篇 |
评价与监测 | 273篇 |
社会与环境 | 181篇 |
灾害及防治 | 35篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 40篇 |
2020年 | 37篇 |
2019年 | 45篇 |
2018年 | 62篇 |
2017年 | 81篇 |
2016年 | 101篇 |
2015年 | 91篇 |
2014年 | 90篇 |
2013年 | 522篇 |
2012年 | 161篇 |
2011年 | 214篇 |
2010年 | 140篇 |
2009年 | 153篇 |
2008年 | 193篇 |
2007年 | 238篇 |
2006年 | 171篇 |
2005年 | 133篇 |
2004年 | 143篇 |
2003年 | 163篇 |
2002年 | 132篇 |
2001年 | 72篇 |
2000年 | 90篇 |
1999年 | 54篇 |
1998年 | 66篇 |
1997年 | 53篇 |
1996年 | 69篇 |
1995年 | 62篇 |
1994年 | 81篇 |
1993年 | 62篇 |
1992年 | 50篇 |
1991年 | 44篇 |
1990年 | 47篇 |
1989年 | 35篇 |
1988年 | 45篇 |
1987年 | 30篇 |
1986年 | 40篇 |
1985年 | 42篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 49篇 |
1982年 | 58篇 |
1981年 | 53篇 |
1980年 | 32篇 |
1979年 | 34篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 31篇 |
1976年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 12篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有4337条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
de Grenade Rafael Rudow Joshua Taboada Hermoza Rossi Adauto Aguirre Maria Elena Scott Christopher A. Willems Bram Schultz Jennifer L. Varady Robert G. 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(3):789-802
Regional Environmental Change - Mountainous areas with extreme elevation gradients and corresponding ranges of biophysical and socioeconomic conditions are highly vulnerable to global change. We... 相似文献
92.
To analyze the factors affecting US public concern about the threat of climate change between January 2002 and December 2013, data from 74 separate surveys are used to construct quarterly measures of public concern over global climate change. Five factors should account for changes in levels of concern: extreme weather events, public access to accurate scientific information, media coverage, elite cues, and movement/countermovement advocacy. Structural equation modeling indicates that elite cues, movement advocacy efforts, weather, and structural economic factors influence the level of public concern about climate change. While media coverage exerts an important influence, it is itself largely a function of elite cues and economic factors. Promulgation to the public of scientific information on climate change has no effect. Information-based science advocacy has had only a minor effect on public concern, while political mobilization by elites and advocacy groups is critical in influencing climate change concern. 相似文献
93.
William S. Fisher Leska S. Fore Leah M. Oliver Charles Lobue Robert Quarles Jed Campbell Peggy Harris Becky Hemmer Sherry Vickery Mel Parsons Aaron Hutchins Kent Bernier Danny Rodriguez Patricia Bradley 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(11):7165-7181
States may protect coral reefs using biological water quality standards outlined by the Clean Water Act. This requires biological assessments with indicators sensitive to human disturbance and regional, probability-based survey designs. Stony coral condition was characterized on a regional scale for the first time in the nearshore waters of the US Virgin Islands (USVI). Coral composition, abundance, size, and health were assessed at 66 stations in the St. Croix region in fall 2007 and at 63 stations in the St. Thomas and St. John region in winter 2009. Indicators were chosen for their sensitivity to human disturbance. Both surveys were probability-based (random) designs with station locations preselected from areas covered by hardbottom and coral reef substrate. Taxa richness was as high as 21 species but more than half the area of both regions exhibited taxa richness of <10 species in the 25 m2 transect area. Coral density was as high as 5 colonies m?2 but more than half the area of both regions had <2 colonies m?2. Both regions showed similar dominant species based on frequency of occurrence and relative abundance. Because of large colony sizes, Montastrea annularis provided more total surface area and live surface area than more abundant species. The surveys establish baseline regional conditions and provide a foundation for long-term regional monitoring envisioned by the USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources. The probabilistic sampling design assures the data can be used in Clean Water Act reporting. 相似文献
94.
95.
96.
Damon M. Hall Gerardo R. Camilo Rebecca K. Tonietto Jeff Ollerton Karin Ahrné Mike Arduser John S. Ascher Katherine C. R. Baldock Robert Fowler Gordon Frankie Dave Goulson Bengt Gunnarsson Mick E. Hanley Janet I. Jackson Gail Langellotto David Lowenstein Emily S. Minor Stacy M. Philpott Simon G. Potts Muzafar H. Sirohi Edward M. Spevak Graham N. Stone Caragh G. Threlfall 《Conservation biology》2017,31(1):24-29
Research on urban insect pollinators is changing views on the biological value and ecological importance of cities. The abundance and diversity of native bee species in urban landscapes that are absent in nearby rural lands evidence the biological value and ecological importance of cities and have implications for biodiversity conservation. Lagging behind this revised image of the city are urban conservation programs that historically have invested in education and outreach rather than programs designed to achieve high‐priority species conservation results. We synthesized research on urban bee species diversity and abundance to determine how urban conservation could be repositioned to better align with new views on the ecological importance of urban landscapes. Due to insect pollinators’ relatively small functional requirements—habitat range, life cycle, and nesting behavior—relative to larger mammals, we argue that pollinators put high‐priority and high‐impact urban conservation within reach. In a rapidly urbanizing world, transforming how environmental managers view the city can improve citizen engagement and contribute to the development of more sustainable urbanization. 相似文献
97.
Timothy J. Pac James Baldock Brendan Brodie Jennifer Byrd Beatriz Gil Kevin A. Morris Denice Nelson Jaydeep Parikh Paulo Santos Miguel Singer Alan Thomas 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2019,29(2):75-91
This paper compiles a detailed set of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) lessons learned pertaining to design, execution, and safety based on global experiences over the last 20 years. While the benefits of a “correct” application are known (e.g., cost effectiveness, speed, permanence of treatment), history also provides examples of a variety of “incorrect” applications. These provide an opportunity to highlight recurring themes that resulted in failures. ISCO is, and will continue to provide, an important remedial tool for site remediation, particularly as a component of a multifaceted approach for addressing large and complex sites. Future success, however, requires an objective understanding of both the benefits and the limitations of the technology. The ability to learn from the mistakes of the past provides an opportunity to eliminate, or at least minimize, them in the future. Over the last 25 years of ISCO application, process understanding and knowledge have improved and evolved. This paper combines a thorough discussion of lessons learned through decades of ISCO implementation throughout all aspects of ISCO projects with an analysis of changes to the ISCO remediation market. By discussing the interplay of these two themes and providing recommendations from collective lessons learned, we hope to improve the future of safe, cost‐effective, and successful applications of ISCO. 相似文献
98.
Gary M. Bucciarelli Daniel Suh Avery Davis Lamb Dave Roberts Debra Sharpton H. Bradley Shaffer Robert N. Fisher Lee B. Kats 《Conservation biology》2019,33(1):122-131
Introductions of non-native predators often reduce biodiversity and affect natural predator–prey relationships and may increase the abundance of potential disease vectors (e.g., mosquitoes) indirectly through competition or predation cascades. The Santa Monica Mountains (California, U.S.A.), situated in a global biodiversity hotspot, is an area of conservation concern due to climate change, urbanization, and the introduction of non-native species. We examined the effect of non-native crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) on an existing native predator, dragonfly nymphs (Aeshna sp.), and their mosquito larvae (Anopheles sp.) prey. We used laboratory experiments to compare the predation efficiency of both predators, separately and together, and field data on counts of dragonfly nymphs and mosquito larvae sampled from 13 local streams. We predicted a lower predation efficiency of crayfish compared with native dragonfly nymphs and a reduced predation efficiency of dragonfly nymphs in the presence of crayfish. Dragonfly nymphs were an order of magnitude more efficient predators than crayfish, and dragonfly nymph predation efficiency was reduced in the presence of crayfish. Field count data showed that populations of dragonfly nymphs and mosquito larvae were strongly correlated with crayfish presence in streams, such that sites with crayfish tended to have fewer dragonfly nymphs and more mosquito larvae. Under natural conditions, it is likely that crayfish reduce the abundance of dragonfly nymphs and their predation efficiency and thereby, directly and indirectly, lead to higher mosquito populations and a loss of ecosystem services related to disease vector control. 相似文献
99.
Climate change impacts human health in a variety of ways. Variables including the climate-related risk factor, the health outcome and location all determine the nature and extent of the impact. The existence of different pathways and endpoints presents a problem for quantifying and comparing impacts. Disability-adjusted life year (DALY) provides a common scale, whereby the impact of climate change on both acute and chronic health outcomes can be compared. This study presents a methodology to calculate the impact of climate change on human health at a local scale, using cardiovascular disease (CVD) and meteorological disaster-related injuries (DRIs) in Osaka Prefecture, Japan, as applied case studies. An additional very fine scale assessment of CVD conducted at the neighbourhood level to demonstrate the importance of conducting risk assessments at a local level. The comparative results calculated the impact of climate change in 2050 to be 16.866 DALY/100,000 population for CVD and 0.645 DALY/100,000 for meteorological DRIs. The actual impact of climate change by 2050 on CVD is judged to be higher, although the relative risk was projected to be lower (1.006, compared to 1.263 for meteorological DRIs). The fine scale assessment revealed the variations in the projected impact of climate change on CVD for all administrative zones in Osaka Prefecture. The range of impacts varied from 0 to 114.29 DALY/100,000. The results demonstrate the applicability of using DALY to quantify the impact of climate change on different health outcomes, using a transferable methodology, and provide information that enables evidence-based prioritisation of climate change adaptation strategies at a local scale. 相似文献
100.
Alan E. Garrido William H. J. Strosnider Robin Taylor Wilson Janette Condori Robert W. Nairn 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2017,39(3):681-700
This study assessed metals in irrigation water, soil and potato crops impacted by mining discharges, as well as potential human health risk in the high desert near the historic mining center of Potosí, Bolivia. Metal concentrations were compared with international concentration limit guidelines. In addition, an ingested average daily dose and minimum risk level were used to determine the hazard quotient from potato consumption for adults and children. Irrigation water maximum concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in mining-impacted sites were elevated 20- to 1100-fold above international concentration limit guidelines. Agricultural soils contained total metal concentrations of As, Cd, Pb and Zn that exceeded concentration limits in agricultural soil guidelines by 22-, 9-, 3- and 12-fold, respectively. Potato tubers in mining-impacted sites had maximum concentrations of As, Cd, Pb and Zn that exceeded concentration limits in commercially sold vegetables by 9-, 10-, 16- and fourfold, respectively. Using conservative assumptions, hazard quotients (HQ) for potatoes alone were elevated for As, Cd and Pb among children (range 1.1–71.8), in nearly all of the mining-impacted areas; and for As and Cd among adults (range 1.2–34.2) in nearly all of the mining-impacted areas. Only one mining-impacted area had a Pb adult HQ for potatoes above 1 for adults. Toxic trace elements in a major regional dietary staple may be a greater concern than previously appreciated. Considering the multitude of other metal exposure routes in this region, it is likely that total HQ values for these metals may be substantially higher than our estimates. 相似文献