黄土洞穴的环境灾害效应

黄土洞穴本身是一种地质灾害,对黄土地区的运输、管道、拦蓄水工程、厂房、民居等各类工业与民用建筑构成不同程度威胁;还可促发其它地质灾害的发生和发展,恶化黄土高原地区的生态环境和地质环境。文章根据野外和室内研究所积累的资料,对黄土洞穴的地质灾害效应以及环境变化效应进行了初步研究。其研究成果不仅为黄土洞穴工程灾害的防治提供科学依据,而且还可进一步了解黄土地区水土流失的发育规律及其第四纪以来的地质环境变化状况。     

提高高职院校学生竞争力的途径

为了应对国际挑战，为了促进高职学生就业及构建和谐社会，高职院校应在专业设置，课程安排，职业教育与培养人文精神并重等几方面着眼来对学生进行全面塑造。     

医疗废物焚烧残余物固化技术初探

根据对医疗废物焚烧残余物中有毒有害物质的化验分析结果,确定焚烧残余物中有毒有害成分含量仍较高,部分指标超出标准值,必须对其进行稳定化/固化处理,避免对土壤及地下水环境造成污染.本文阐述了稳定化/固化处理原理及处理工艺,使医疗废物无害化、减量化和资源化的处理原则得以全面实现.     

厌氧-Carrousel氧化沟处理亚麻沤制废水的试验研究

亚麻沤制废水是一种高浓度有机废水,经厌氧处理后,出水仍不达标.采用厌氧-Carrousel氧化沟进行后续处理试验,并引进了ACF32微生物制剂进行污泥培养,出水CODCr值在200 mg/L左右,TN值维持在22 mg/L左右,TP值维持在3 mg/L以下,最后讨论了试验中影响处理效果的主要因素.     

Membrane fouling control by ultrasound in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor

In this study, ultrasound was used to control the membrane fouling online in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AMBR). Short-term running experiments were carried out under different operating conditions to explore feasible ultrasonic parameters. The experimental results indicated that when the crossflow velocity was more than 1.0 m/s, membrane fouling could be controlled effectively only by hydrodynamic methods without ultrasound. When ultrasound was applied, an ultrasonic power range of 60–150 W was suitable for the membrane fouling control in the experimental system. The experimental results showed that the membrane fouling was controlled so well that membrane filtration resistance (ΣR) could stay at 5 × 10¹¹ m⁻¹ for more than a week with the crossflow velocity of 0.75 m/s, which equaled the effect of crossflow velocity of more than 1.0 m/s without ultrasound. Translated from Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2006, 7(4): 25–29 [译自: 环境污染治理技术与设备]     

复合诱变菌处理氨氮废水

采用诱变技术对微生物菌种进行了诱变处理，分别研究了紫外线诱变菌、硫酸二乙酯（DES）诱变菌和复合诱变菌对含氨废水的降解性能。结果表明，复合诱变后获得的变异菌株Z5对含氨废水中NH4^ -N的去除率比单独采用紫外线或DES诱变后获得的菌株有明显的提高。混合菌种对化肥行业废水中COD的NH4^ -N的去除率可以达到95%～98%，出水能达到行业一级排放标准。     

大型车车身覆盖件冲压成形特征分析及选材研究

为满足大型车身覆盖件冲压成形要求并实现钢板与零件的对路供应 ,必须在深入解析零件成形特征的基础上 ,确定高应变部位的成形敏感材料参数。在材料力学性能测试和成形极限分析的基础上 ,对侧围外板的冲压成形特征和成形敏感参数进行了分析。结果表明 :侧围外板零件高应变部位的变形方式为胀形 深拉延变形 ,n值和r值为影响侧围外板零件成形的主要材料敏感参数     

Relation between some variations of soil and surface vegetatio and desertization in agriculture-pasture interlacing zone an example from Kangbao County,North Hebei,China

The studied agriculture-pasture interlacing zone has its specific natural conditions,at which the natural systems are unstable ,their self-regulation capability is low and the equilibrium is easily broken, and hence the habitat is fairly vulnerable.During last 20 years the increasing population and livestock ,over-reclamation,over-pasturing,over-deforesting, and other intensified negative human activities in the zone resulted in coarsening of surface soil,decrease of organic mater content in soil, reduction of vegetation coverage ,variation and degradation of flora structure, and hence in desertization of the land, although average of gales and sandstorms some decreased and the climate tended to be better in the region.However, the frequent sandstorms occurring in the springs of last and present years has attracted much attention.Investigations confirmed that the main cause for the phenomena is the unreasonable human activites rater than the natural factors.     

高中绿色教育要注意若干误区

学校绿色教育要可持续发展，教师素质的提升是根本。文章以部分教师在结合学科渗透绿色教育中出现的一些误区为例，剖析了存在这些误区的原因，并进行了必要的分析。同时，建议有关部门采取相应的宣传、培训等措施．切实提升教师的绿色素养，提高绿色教育的实效。     

自然界中铁硫化物矿物对含氯有机化合物降解作用

含氯有机化合物被广泛用于工农业生产和人们的日常生活中 ,对环境污染也日益严重。缺氧环境下对含氯有机化合物的非生物转化是自然界自我调控的过程之一 ,而广泛存在于这一环境中的铁硫化物矿物在这一过程中起着重要的作用。本文主要从反应机理角度回顾了铁硫化物矿物作为有机氯污染物主体还原剂的研究现状 ,并对进一步研究中可能存在的问题及研究重点提出了具体的建议。