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排序方式: 共有157条查询结果,搜索用时 654 毫秒
31.
Environmental risk assessment and concentration trend of atmospheric volatile organic compounds in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
Okada Y Nakagoshi A Tsurukawa M Matsumura C Eiho J Nakano T 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(1):201-213
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influences of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions on hazardousness and photochemical reactivity and to propose efficient VOCs abatement strategies. 相似文献32.
Yu-Chi Weng Takeshi Fujiwara Yuzuru Matsuoka 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(2):110-122
Industrialization and urbanization result in significant changes in lifestyle. These lifestyle changes seem to lead to unsustainable
consumption patterns and increase the generation of various kinds of environmental loads, especially the amount of municipal
solid waste (MSW). Taiwan is a small island with scarce natural resources. The economic development in Taiwan has resulted
in the generation of large amounts of MSW. As a result, the Taiwan Environmental Pollution Administration (TEPA) has produced
regulations for waste minimization and has imposed several important policy measures that have successfully reduced the MSW
discard rate in recent years and have established a public recycling network as a part of the MSW collection. Nowadays, the
objective of the MSW policies in Taiwan is to develop a “zero-waste society.” This article aims to review the MSW management
progress in Taiwan and to project future MSW discards up to 2011 based on the national plan and assumed scenarios for socioeconomic
variables. According to the analysis results, a more sustainable consumption pattern can be proposed and the corresponding
MSW management system can be planned so as to develop a low-waste-discard society. 相似文献
33.
34.
Wang Yu-jie Liao Ri-quan Liu Wen-long Kannan Kurunthachalam Ohura Takeshi Wu Ming-hong Ma Jing 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(19):16241-16252
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ClPAHs) with three to five aromatic rings have been documented to ubiquitously occur in environmental... 相似文献
35.
In ecology and evolutionary biology, controlled animal experiments are often conducted to measure time to metamorphosis which is possibly censored by the competing risk of death and the follow-up end. This paper considers the problem of estimating the survival function of time-to-event when it is subject to dependent censoring. When the censorship is due to competing risks, the traditional assumption of independent censorship may not be satisfied, and hence, the usual application of the Kaplan–Meier estimator yields a biased estimation for the survival function of the event time. This paper follows an assumed copula approach (Zheng and Klein in Biometrika 82(1):127–138, 1995) to adjust for dependence between the event time of interest and the competing event time. While the literature on an assumed copula approach has mostly focused on semiparametric settings, we alternatively consider a parametric approach with piecewise exponential models for fitting the survival function. We develop maximum likelihood estimation under the piecewise exponential models with an assumed copula. A goodness-of-fit procedure is also developed, which touches upon the identifiability issue of the copula. We conduct simulations to examine the performance of the proposed method and compare it with an existing semiparametric method. The method is applied to real data analysis on time to metamorphosis for salamander larvae living in Hokkaido, Japan (Michimae et al. in Evol Ecol Res 16:617–629, 2014). 相似文献
36.
Koji Yachiguchi Noriko Matsumoto Yuki Haga Motoharu Suzuki Chisato Matsumura Masahiro Tsurukawa Toshihiro Okuno Takeshi Nakano Kimi Kawabe Kei-ichiro Kitamura Akira Toriba Kazuichi Hayakawa Vishwajit S. Chowdhury Masato Endo Atsuhiko Chiba Toshio Sekiguchi Masaki Nakano Yoshiaki Tabuchi Takashi Kondo Shigehito Wada Hiroyuki Mishima Atsuhiko Hattori Nobuo Suzuki 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(10):6365-6372
To analyze the effect of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 118 on fish bone metabolism, we examined osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities, as well as plasma calcium levels, in the scales of PCB (118)-injected goldfish. In addition, effect of PCB (118) on osteoclasts and osteoblasts was investigated in vitro. Immature goldfish, in which the endogenous effects of sex steroids are negligible, were used. PCB (118) was solubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 10 ppm. At 1 and 2 days after PCB (118) injection (100 ng/g body weight), both osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities, and plasma calcium levels were measured. In an in vitro study, then, both osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities as well as each marker mRNA expression were examined. At 2 days, scale osteoclastic activity in PCB (118)-injected goldfish increased significantly, while osteoblastic activity did not change significantly. Corresponding to osteoclastic activity, plasma calcium levels increased significantly at 2 days after PCB (118) administration. Osteoclastic activation also occurred in the marker enzyme activities and mRNA expressions in vitro. Thus, we conclude that PCB (118) disrupts bone metabolism in goldfish both in vivo and in vitro experiments. 相似文献
37.
38.
Takeshi Yamaguchi Tomoki UmetsuYusuke Ishizuka Kenichi KasugaTakayuki Ito Satoru IshizawaKazuo Hokkirigawa 《Safety Science》2012,50(4):986-994
In this study, a new rubber surface pattern for a footwear sole was developed to prevent slip-related falls. This pattern shows a high static coefficient of friction (SCOF) and a high dynamic coefficient of friction (DCOF) when sliding against a liquid contaminated surface. A hybrid rubber block, in which a rubber block with a rough surface (Ra = 30.4 μm) was sandwiched between two rubber blocks with smooth surfaces (Ra = 0.98 μm), was prepared. The ratio of the rough surface area to the whole rubber block surface area r was 0%, 30%, 50%, 80%, and 100%. The coefficient of friction of the rubber blocks was measured when sliding against a stainless steel plate with Ra of 0.09 μm contaminated with a 90% aqueous solution of glycerol. While the SCOF increased with an increase of the rough surface area ratio r, the DCOF during steady-state sliding decreased with an increase of the rough surface area ratio r. The rough surface area ratio of 50% achieved a SCOF value around 0.5 or more and a DCOF value greater than 0.5. Furthermore, the difference in the value of the SCOF and DCOF was the smallest for the rubber block with r of 50%. The results indicated that the rubber block with r of 50% would be applicable to a footwear sole surface pattern to prevent slip and fall accidents on contaminated surfaces. 相似文献
39.
40.
Tatsuro Nakaji Takuya Kobayashi Mihoko Kuroha Kumiko Omori Yuko Matsumoto Tetsushi Yonekura Katsuhiko Watanabe Jarkko Utriainen Takeshi Izuta 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2004,4(2-3):277-287
To evaluate the effect of increasing nitrogen (N) deposition and tropospheric ozone (O3) concentrations on N-saturated forest ecosystems, we investigated the response of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora), an N-saturation sensitive tree species, to increasing N load under elevated O3 concentrations. One-year-old seedlings of red pine were treated with three levels of N supply (0, 50 and 100 mg N L-1 fresh soil volume) under two levels of atmospheric O3 concentration (< 5 and 60 ppb) for two growing seasons. Nitrogen treatment did not stimulate dry matter production of the seedlings. Growth inhibition was observed in the highest N treatment under low O3 and in the two higher N treatments under elevated O3. Irrespective of the O3 concentration, increasing N supply negatively affected root growth and mycorrhizal development in fine roots, resulting in a reduction in P and Mg uptake from the soil. Net photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced by both the highest N treatment under low O3 and the two higher N treatments under elevated O3, together with decreased N-availability to Rubisco. Nitrogen assimilated from NO3 - to amino acid in the needles was not affected by the treatments. However, needle protein concentration was reduced by the highest N-treatment under low O3 and by the two higher N-treatments under elevated O3. These results suggest that elevated O3 potentially disturbs the N-availability in the form of protein including Rubisco, and may advance the negative effects of excessive N-deposition on N-sensitive plant species in N-saturated forests. 相似文献