Exposure to butylated hydroxytoluene compromises endometrial decidualization during early pregnancy

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), one of the most widely used synthetic phenolic antioxidants, is a popular food additive. Previous studies have...     

粉末活性炭应急处理阿特拉津突发污染原水的研究

以黄浦江上游水源地取水口突发阿特拉津污染为背景,从实验室小试和中试2个尺度上,研究了粉末活性炭(PAC)对阿特拉津污染的应急处理效果。小试结果表明,增大PAC投加量,阿特拉津的去除率显著提高,PAC对各浓度水平阿特拉津污染的去除主要集中在前10 min,历时60 min左右,吸附达到平衡。平衡吸附量随着原水中阿特拉津初始浓度的增大而增大,但PAC对污染物的应急处理效率却随之降低。Fre undlich等温吸附模型较Langmuir模型可更好地拟合PAC对阿特拉津的吸附规律。中试表明,针对10μg/L和20μg/L的阿特拉津污染,分别投加5 mg/L和20mg/L PAC,即可使出水浓度达标;针对100μg/L和200μg/L的阿特拉津污染,投加PAC 50mg/L,出水浓度分别超标7倍和14倍。     

氧化锰与氧化铈协同等离子体催化氧化甲醇的活性差异研究

在等离子体催化系统中,不同催化剂常表现出显著的性能差异.本文通过表面氧物种表征及臭氧氧化原位反应,探究了α-MnO₂与CeO₂两种常用催化剂在等离子体催化系统中催化氧化甲醇性能差异的本质原因.等离子体催化氧化甲醇的性能评价结果显示,在相同输入功率下CeO₂对甲醇的转化率和CO₂选择性均高于α-MnO₂.氧气程序升温脱附（O₂-TPD）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等表征手段及甲醇常温催化、O₃分解和O₃催化氧化实验结果表明,CeO₂比α-MnO₂拥有更多的表面活性氧,能吸附活化更多的甲醇分子;同时,CeO₂能更有效地利用臭氧分解产生的活性氧物种对甲醇进行深度氧化.进一步通过原位DRIFTS实验研究两种催化剂协同臭氧催化氧化甲醇反应中间产物的变化,结果表明,CeO₂催化剂氧化甲醇的表面副产物较少,而α-MnO₂表面则会累积大量的副产物碳酸盐,从而影响其催化性能.     

黄河水体颗粒物对硝化过程的影响研究

针对黄河高含沙量的特点,通过模拟实验研究了颗粒物对氨氮硝化速率的影响.结果表明:颗粒物含量对水体的硝化速率存在着较显著的影响,颗粒物含量越高,硝化过程进行越快.其影响机制主要是:(1)水体颗粒物对氨氮存在吸附作用;(2)水体中颗粒物的含量影响体系氨化细菌、亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌的生长;(3)各种菌在固液两相生长规律不同.     

Effect of substrate Henry's constant on biofilter performance

Butanol, ether, toluene, and hexane, which have Henry's constants ranging from 0.0005 to 53, were used to investigate the effects of substrate solubility or availability on the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in trickle-bed biofilters. Results from this study suggest that, although removal of a VOC generally increases with a decrease in its Henry's constant, an optimal Henry's constant range for biofiltration may exist. For the treatment of VOCs with high Henry's constant values, such as hexane and toluene, the transfer of VOCs between the vapor and liquid phases or between the vapor phase and the biofilm is a rate-determining step. However, oxygen (O2) transfer may become a rate-limiting step in treating VOCs with low Henry's constants, such as butanol, especially at high organic loadings. The results demonstrated that in a gas-phase aerobic biofilter, nitrate can serve both as a growth-controlling nutrient and as an electron acceptor in a biofilm for the respiration of VOCs with low Henry's constants. Microbial communities within the biofilters were examined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to provide a more complete picture of the effect of O2 limitation and denitrification on biofilter performance.     

成型膨润土和钛柱撑膨润土对水中Pb2+和氯乙酸吸附及再生

针对水中微量铅离子和氯乙酸的脱除,考察了成型膨润土及成型钛柱撑膨润土的吸附性能,得出对铅离子的吸附,成型膨润土、成型钛柱撑膨润土与粉末状活性炭性能相当,而对氯乙酸的吸附前两者要比粉末状活性炭低好多.确定了成型膨润土吸附氯乙酸后可用沸水煮沸30 min的方法再生,成型钛柱撑膨润土吸附氯乙酸后,可用500℃焙烧3 h的方法再生,再生的膨润土循环使用3次后性能降低明显.此外,还测得了成型的膨润土及成型的钛柱撑膨润土吸附铅离子和氯乙酸的等温线,计算出其对铅的最大吸附量分别为24.33 mg/g和15.47 mg/g.     

成型膨润土和钛柱撑膨润土对水中Pb2+和氯乙酸吸附及再生

针对水中微量铅离子和氯乙酸的脱除，考察了成型膨润土及成型钛柱撑膨润土的吸附性能，得出对铅离子的吸附，成型膨润土、成型钛柱撑膨润土与粉末状活性炭性能相当，而对氯乙酸的吸附前两者要比粉末状活性炭低好多。确定了成型膨润土吸附氯乙酸后可用沸水煮沸30 min的方法再生，成型钛柱撑膨润土吸附氯乙酸后，可用500℃焙烧3 h的方法再生，再生的膨润土循环使用3次后性能降低明显。此外，还测得了成型的膨润土及成型的钛柱撑膨润土吸附铅离子和氯乙酸的等温线，计算出其对铅的最大吸附量分别为24.33 mg/g和15.47 mg/g。     

Performance of rotating drum biofilter for volatile organic compound removal at high organic loading rates

Uneven distribution of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and biomass, and excess biomass accumulation in some biofilters hinder the application of biofiltration technology. An innovative multilayer rotating drum biofilter （RDB） was developed to correct these problems. The RDB was operated at an empty bed contact time （EBCT） of 30 s and a rotational rate of 1.0 r/min. Diethyl ether was chosen as the model VOC. Performance of the RDB was evaluated at organic loading rates of 32,1, 64.2, 128, and 256 g ether/（m^3·h） （16.06 g ether/（m^3·h） ≈ 1.0 kg chemical oxygen demand （COD）/（m^3·d））. The EBCT and organic loading rates were recorded on the basis of the medium volume. Results show that the ether removal efficiency decreased with an increased VOC loading rate. Ether removal efficiencies exceeding 99% were achieved without biomass control even at a high VOC loading rate of 128 g ether/（m^3·h）. However, when the VOC loading rate was increased to 256 g ether/（m^3·h）, the average removal efficiency dropped to 43%. Nutrient limitation possibly contributed to the drop in ether removal efficiency. High biomass accumulation rate was also observed in the medium at the two higher ether loading rates, and removal of the excess biomass in the media was necessary to maintain stable performance. This work showed that the RDB is effective in the removal of diethyl ether from waste gas streams even at high organic loading rates. The results might help establish criteria for designing and operating RDBs.     

Development of hybrid processes for the removal of volatile organic compounds,plasticizer, and pharmaceutically active compound using sewage sludge,waste scrap tires,and wood chips as sorbents and microbial immobilization matrices

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study evaluated the reutilization of waste materials (scrap tires, sewage sludge, and wood chips) to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs)...