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991.
Filgueiras Ana Virginia Gago Jesús Campillo Juan Antonio León Víctor Manuel 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(21):21264-21273
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microplastics (MPs) are widely recognised as a contaminant of emerging concern in the marine environment. This work provides original data of the... 相似文献
992.
993.
Alejandra V. González Valeria Gómez-Silva María José Ramírez Francisco E. Fontúrbel 《Conservation biology》2020,34(3):711-720
Genetic diversity is a key factor for population survival and evolution. However, anthropogenic habitat disturbance can erode it, making populations more prone to extinction. Aiming to assess the global effects of habitat disturbance on plant genetic variation, we conducted a meta-analysis based on 92 case studies obtained from published literature. We compared the effects of habitat fragmentation and degradation on plant allelic richness and gene diversity (equivalent to expected heterozygosity) and tested whether such changes are sensitive to different life-forms, life spans, mating systems, and commonness. Anthropogenic disturbance had a negative effect on allelic richness, but not on gene diversity. Habitat fragmentation had a negative effect on genetic variation, whereas habitat degradation had no effect. When we examined the individual effects in fragmented habitats, allelic richness and gene diversity decreased, but this decrease was strongly dependent on certain plant traits. Specifically, common long-lived trees and self-incompatible species were more susceptible to allelic richness loss. Conversely, gene diversity decreased in common short-lived species (herbs) with self-compatible reproduction. In a wider geographical context, tropical plant communities were more sensitive to allelic richness loss, whereas temperate plant communities were more sensitive to gene diversity loss. Our synthesis showed complex responses to habitat disturbance among plant species. In many cases, the absence of effects could be the result of the time elapsed since the disturbance event or reproductive systems favoring self-pollination, but attention must be paid to those plant species that are more susceptible to losing genetic diversity, and appropriate conservation should be actions taken. 相似文献
994.
Ninon F. V. Meyer Ricardo Moreno Christopher Sutherland J. Antonio de la Torre Helen J. Esser Christopher A. Jordan Melva Olmos Josué Ortega Rafael Reyna-Hurtado Samuel Valdes Patrick A. Jansen 《Conservation biology》2020,34(1):207-219
Habitat fragmentation is a primary driver of wildlife loss, and establishment of biological corridors is a common strategy to mitigate this problem. A flagship example is the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor (MBC), which aims to connect protected forest areas between Mexico and Panama to allow dispersal and gene flow of forest organisms. Because forests across Central America have continued to degrade, the functioning of the MBC has been questioned, but reliable estimates of species occurrence were unavailable. Large mammals are suitable indicators of forest functioning, so we assessed their conservation status across the Isthmus of Panama, the narrowest section of the MBC. We used large-scale camera-trap surveys and hierarchical multispecies occupancy models in a Bayesian framework to estimate the occupancy of 9 medium to large mammals and developed an occupancy-weighted connectivity metric to evaluate species-specific functional connectivity. White-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), jaguar (Panthera onca), giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and tapir (Tapirus bairdii) had low expected occupancy along the MBC in Panama. Puma (Puma concolor), red brocket deer (Mazama temama), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), and collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), which are more adaptable, had higher occupancy, even in areas with low forest cover near infrastructure. However, the majority of species were subject to ≥1 gap that was larger than their known dispersal distances, suggesting poor connectivity along the MBC in Panama. Based on our results, forests in Darien, Donoso–Santa Fe, and La Amistad International Park are critical for survival of large terrestrial mammals in Panama and 2 areas need restoration. 相似文献
995.
Campos Felipe S. Loureno-de-Moraes Ricardo Ruas Danilo S. Mira-Mendes Caio V. Franch Marc Llorente Gustavo A. Sol Mirco Cabral Pedro 《Environmental management》2020,65(1):46-61
Environmental Management - Ecological connectivity depends on key elements within the landscape, which can support ecological fluxes, species richness and long-term viability of a biological... 相似文献
996.
Callaghan Terry V. Kulikova Olga Rakhmanova Lidia Topp-Jørgensen Elmer Labba Niklas Kuhmanen Lars-Anders Kirpotin Sergey Shaduyko Olga Burgess Henry Rautio Arja Hindshaw Ruth S. Golubyatnikov Leonid L. Marshall Gareth J. Lobanov Andrey Soromotin Andrey Sokolov Alexander Sokolova Natalia Filant Praskovia Johansson Margareta 《Ambio》2020,49(6):1161-1178
Ambio - The Circumpolar North has been changing rapidly within the last decades, and the socioeconomic systems of the Eurasian Arctic and Siberia in particular have displayed the most dramatic... 相似文献
997.
Veselkin D. V. Korzhinevskaya A. A. Podgaevskaya E. N. 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2018,49(6):465-474
Russian Journal of Ecology - We estimated when the edge effect appears in the herb–dwarf shrub layer of pine forests near Yekaterinburg (Central Urals; Southern Taiga subzone) on 14 transects... 相似文献
998.
Costa José Arnaldo S. Sarmento Victor H. V. Romão Luciane P. C. Paranhos Caio M. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(25):25476-25490
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The rice husk ash (RHA) was used as an alternative source of silica for the synthesis of the functionalized mesoporous material, which was used in the... 相似文献
999.
T. I. Kazantseva B. V. Adamovich A. F. Alimov T. V. Zhukova V. N. Solntsev 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2018,49(1):1-13
Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) has been used to decompose continuous series of data on certain characteristics of Lake Naroch’ ecosystem during the vegetative seasons of years 1978–2015 into a long-time trend, a periodic component, and a residue not amenable to decomposition. The contribution of each component to changes in this variable has been assessed. The trends accounted for 78–97% of parameter variability, and the periodic components accounted for 2.5–15%. The fluctuations of phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass dynamics were the most diverse, and the contribution of these components was the greatest (15 and 8%, respectively). The periodic components in the changes of all parameters could be divided into four groups according to period duration (17–22, 7–15, 4–7, and less than 4 years). Multidimensional factor analysis of seven biotic parameters was performed in order to identify fluctuations in the ecosystem. Five major factors accounting for 93.6% of ecosystem changes together were identified, and each factor variable was subjected to SSA analysis. The period durations were similar for the oscillatory components identified. The first factor was interpreted as a trophic status of the water body, the second was taken to be the geographical location that defines the amount of solar radiation energy available, the third was taken to be the availability of biogenic elements (phosphorus in particular), and the fourth was interpreted as specific developmental cycles of live components of the ecosystem. 相似文献
1000.
Makarov M. I. Kadulin M. S. Turchin S. R. Malysheva T. I. Aksenova A. A. Onipchenko V. G. Menyailo O. V. 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2019,50(4):337-342
Russian Journal of Ecology - Abstract—The study of the effect of mycorrhiza symbiosis on the transformation of carbon and nitrogen compounds in soils is important in view of the necessity to... 相似文献