中小学环境教育研究

论述了中小学校中开展环境教育的必要性和重要性,提出了如何实施环境教育的原则、形式和方法.     

高职高专教育环境下的大学语文课程研究

在高职高专教育环境下,大学语文课程的日益边缘化已经成为不争的事实。大学语文重不重要这一问题,原则性的答案和事实上的回答截然对立。2004年3月,内地及港澳台学者在“大学语文教学研讨会”上达成共识,他们认为:“只要不把大学办成技校,只要大学还是大学,大学语文的作用就不容忽视。”因而,现在的主要问题不是论证大学语文多么重要,而是要研究教学效果的达成。本文将通过对大学语文课程的性质定位、教学内容、教学方法和考核方式进行分析和研究,进而论证大学语文对高职学生素质和能力培养的积极意义。     

中小学生环境意识对比分析——以昆明市为例

对昆明市中小学生从环境行为倾向、环境参与意识、环境关注程度等六方面的抽样调查及表明，昆明市中不上学生环境意识总体水平尚可，小学生环境意识较中学生的强，今后应进一步加强中学阶段的环境教育工作。     

羌塘高原水资源及其开发利用

地跨西藏、新疆、青海3省（区）的羌塘高原是我国青藏高原的主体部分,平均海拔5000m以上,总面积71.6×10⁴km²,占我国陆地面积的7.5％。整个高原严寒干燥,湖泊众多,河流短小,冰川发育,是世界上待开发的一块最高最新的内陆大高原。现有地表、地下迳流约236.15×10⁸m³,水质符合饮用与灌溉要求。但目前基本流入湖泊后破蒸发,如果大量开发迳流势必破坏水循环规律,人为地加速湖泊的消亡。为解决今后工农牧业用水,只能千方百计减少蒸发,取得可利用水量,达到发展经济维持生态平衡的目的。     

三江平原典型小叶章种群地上生物量的空间结构分形特征

2005年5月至10月,应用分形几何学的原理和方法对三江平原典型小叶章种群地上生物量与株高的空间结构分形关系进行了研究。结果表明,典型草甸小叶章和沼泽化草甸小叶章的地上生物量与株高存在良好的静态分形关系,其分形维数(D)是对地上生物量在各器官中积累规律的表征;二者地上生物量与株高的对数值线性相关,相关系数分别介于0.579～0.919和0.655～0.914之间(P<0.01,D值介于1.778～3.414和2.238～3.924之间,各时期地上生物量均以株高的幂函数形式积累;二者地上生物量与株高静态分形关系D值的季节动态基本一致,其变化均符合抛物线模型(P<0.05),而局部波动又与地上生物量的变化有关;生长季内,二者地上生物量与株高动态分形关系的D值分别为2.749和2.738,说明地上生物量的积累具有自相似性,符合幂函数增长的分形生长过程。研究还表明,仅用D值来刻画不同植物地上生物量的空间积累与展布存在一定的局限性,它只能用于测度和描述一种植物体生物量的空间积累及其对空间的占据,而一般不能用于植物间相应指标的类比;导致不同植物D值差异的原因可能与植物生长所处生境、外在因素以及模型参数(C)有关。     

中学环境教育的重要性及其实施

介绍了环境教育理念,环境教育的重要性和中学开展环境教育的意义,提出了中学环境教育的目标和原则,探讨了中学环境教育方法与模式。     

Meadow management and occurrence of corncrake Crex crex

The aim of this study was to analyse the occurrence of corncrakes in two Swedish meadow sites managed by mowing and grazing, but also with abandoned meadows. Most corncrakes (58%) on meadows were found in unmanaged areas without subsidies to the farmers (i.e. areas with tall vegetation). Several corncrakes (62%) were found in restored areas, managed for less than 10 of the last 40 years, fewer (38%) in areas under continuous management. Vegetation height was negatively associated with number of years of management the last 40 years, and the continuously managed areas were avoided by corncrakes. Sites where corncrake territories occur regularly should be managed to maintain tall vegetation suitable for the species, which requires increased use of mowing. However, the results from our study also suggest that yearly mowing might result in a vegetation structure that is avoided by corncrakes. To achieve a balance between tall grassy vegetation and prevention of succession to scrub a possible management regime would therefore be mowing at intervals of a few years.     

优化育人环境构建校园文化体系--关于校园文化的研究

现代学校教育中,校园文化有着重要意义.本文利用心理学、教育学、文化学的理论,用系统的方法,审视校园文化,提出优化育人环境,构建我校可行的校园文化体系.构建一个以学校不同范围的师生组织为主体,以学生在校时间为经线,以学校的不同空间为纬线,以精品、优质的各类活动为节点(核心),以先进和提高为方向和指导,广泛覆盖,涉及不同方面、不同层次内容的校园文化网络体系.     

The theory of planned behavior (TPB) and texting while driving behavior in college students

Objective: To examine the role of intent and other theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs in predicting college students' willingness to text while driving (TWD).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. 243 male and female college students enrolled in the 2013–2014 academic year in the College of Health, Human Services & Nursing completed a survey on TWD. Inclusion criteria: All races and ethnicities, ≥18 years of age, cell phone owner, and licensed driver.

Results: Over 70% of the sample (n = 243) reported talking on a cell phone and sending and receiving text messages “at least a few times” while driving within the past week. However, only 27% reported being stopped by police. Of these, 22% reported being fined. Within the past 30 days, 26% reported reading or sending TWD and having to slam on the brakes to avoid hitting another car or pedestrian(s) as a result. In all, 47% of the variance in intention to send TWD was accounted for by the full TPB model. Intention, in turn, predicted willingness to TWD. Intention also mediated the relationship between perceived behavioral control and willingness to TWD.

Conclusion: Attitude was found to be the strongest predictor of intention. In addition, intention was found to mediate the relationship of willingness to TWD on perceived behavioral control. These findings highlight potential factors that could be targeted in behavioral change interventions seeking to prevent TWD.     

More time in the kitchen,less time on the streets: the micropolitics of cultivating an ethic of care in alternative food networks

There is increased attention to alternative food efforts as individuals and groups seek to build stronger local food infrastructures to increase accessibility, transparency, and fairness with how food is grown, produced, and distributed. In considering individuals and families contending with food injustices and insecurities; concerns and questions have surfaced about what it means to privilege the leadership and participation of these communities in alternative food efforts. While there are no linear answers to these questions, this paper explores how one statewide food network in the United States seeks to involve youth contending with the juvenile justice system in a job readiness programme, Youth Kitchen, that interfaces the youth with farmers, chef educators, community organisations, and farmers markets. This paper contends that integrating alternative food and juvenile justice work is a complex terrain that both advances social justice and reproduces existing power asymmetries within alternative food networks. The inclusion of accounts from multiple stakeholders in the local food and juvenile justice system generates a multilayered view that moves away from an either sustainability or social justice rubric to a more process-oriented lens that reveals the strategic dilemmas that alternative food networks encounter. On the one hand, the social landscape of this programme promotes an ethic of care and shared ownership between the staff and participating youth. At the same time, akin to many alternative food networks, neoliberal interests bump against this ethic of care and white privilege seeps into staffing patterns and everyday programmes in ways that reproduce the status quo.