含油废水深度处理后回用于港区除尘系统的设计与运行

介绍了某港区作业区利用处理后的含油废水深度处理后回用于港口煤炭除尘系统工程的设计、运行和管理。该系统设计处理量为400m^3／d。采用了水解酸化预处理 生物接触氧化 生物活性炭的处理工艺流程，处理后的污水主要用于港区煤炭储存场冲洗地面、洒水抑尘等。     

我国4种重要海水经济鱼类热忍受研究

为了探明我国重要海水经济鱼类的热忍受能力,分别采用急性升温和缓慢升温两种方法对大黄鱼Pseudosciaena crocea、鲈鱼Lateolabrax joponicus、真鲷Pagrosomus major、黑鲷Sparus macrocephalus进行了室内热效应模拟实验.研究结果表明:在夏季自然起始水温为28.5℃条件下,大黄鱼,鲈鱼和黑鲷的急性升温半致死温度(LT50)分别为34.2,33.9和36.4℃;大黄鱼,鲈鱼,真鲷和黑鲷的临界热最大值(critical thermal maxima,CTmax)分别为35.0,34.7,32.7和36.8℃.     

厌氧水解改善富马酸废水的可生化性研究

炼油厂产生的难于生物降解的富马酸废水 ,其BOD5/CODcr均值 (比值平均值 )仅为 0 .2 83。采用厌氧水解对其进行处理 ,实验研究表明 :通过厌氧水解 ,其BOD5/CODcr可提高至 0 .433 ,废水的可生化性显著提高 ,为后续好氧处理创造了有利条件。     

皮革和毛皮加工废水处理技术

采用混凝沉淀-酸化水解-悬挂链曝气-生物接触氧化组合工艺处理皮革和毛皮加工生产废水。实验结果表明;进水COD为2400mg/L,处理后出水COD≤100mg/L,去除率≥95.8%。各项水质指标均稳定地达到了GB8978-96污水综合排放一级标准。     

Synthesis and biodegradation of poly(γ-butyrolactone-co-l-lactide)

Biodegradable polyesters were synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization of -butyrolactone (BL) and its derivatives withl-lactide (LLA). Although tetraphenyl tin was the main catalyst used, other organometallic catalysts were used as well.¹H and¹³C NMR spectra showed that poly(BL-co-LLA)s were statistical and that their number-average molecular weights were as high as 7×10⁴. The maximum BL content obtained from copolymerization BL/LLA was around 17%. TheT _m andT _g values of the copolymers showed a gradual depression with an increase in BL content. NoT _m was obtained for the copolymers containing more than 13 mol% BL. The biodegradability of the copolyesters was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis and nonenzymatic hydrolysis tests. The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 37°C for 24 h using lipases fromRhizopus arrhizus andR. delemar. Hydrolyses by both lipases showed that an increase in BL content of the copolymer resulted in enhanced biodegradability. Nonenzymatic accelerated hydrolysis of copolymers at 70°C was found to increase proportionally to their exposure time. The hydrolysis rate of these copolymers was considerably faster than that of PLLA. The higher hydrolyzability was recorded for the BL-rich copolymers. The copolymerization of -methyl--butyrolactone (MBL) or -ethyl--butyrolactone (EBL) with LLA resulted in relatively LA-rich copolymers.     

关于改善石家庄市空气质量的建议

针对电力和供热导致石家庄市空气污染严重的问题，结合该市目前的电力和供热现状，提出了减少污染的措施及建议，希望对改善该市空气质量起到促进作用。     

齐鲁石化热电厂废水回用方案的实施及问题分析

针对目前水资源短缺状况，以齐鲁石化热电厂为例提出了利用生活污水，养鱼场排水、锅炉排污水以及化学反洗水作循环冷却水补充水的优化方案，并就废水田用方案的实施及运行中发现的问题进行了分析与探讨。     

COLD WATER PATCHES IN WARM STREAMS: PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE INFLUENCE OF SHADING1

ABSTRACT: Discrete cold water patches within the surface waters of summer warm streams afford potential thermal refuge for cold water fishes during periods of heat stress. This analysis focused on reach scale heterogeneity in water temperatures as influenced by local influx of cooler subsurface waters. Using field thermal probes and recording thermistors, we identified and characterized cold water patches (at least 3°C colder than ambient streamflow temperatures) potentially serving as thermal refugia for cold water fishes. Among 37 study sites within alluvial valleys of the Grande Ronde basin in northeastern Oregon, we identified cold water patches associated with side channels, alcoves, lateral seeps, and floodplain spring brooks. These types differed with regard to within floodplain position, area, spatial thermal range, substrate, and availability of cover for fish. Experimental shading cooled daily maximum temperatures of surface waters within cold water patches 2 to 4°C, indicating a strong influence of riparian vegetation on the expression of cold water patch thermal characteristics. Strong vertical temperature gradients associated with heating of surface layers of cold water patches exposed to solar radiation, superimposed upon vertical gradients in dissolved oxygen, can partially restrict suitable refuge volumes for stream salmonids within cold water patches.     

大空间中热隐患的可视化监测

在无人值守的情形下,实现对大型建筑空间内发热物体、火灾等热隐患的智能监测是非常必要的,笔者基于已有的研究成果,讨论了大空间热隐患监测中,高温目标的可视化甄别和温度场的可视化测量原理。利用CCD(电荷耦合器件)的近红外响应特性(800~1200nm)、短波段内单调发射率函数、非相关滤色片构造和归一化数据处理模式等关键技术,使得常见的CCD图像监控设备实现了高温热隐患的非接触、可视化智能监测(即包括高温目标的可视化甄别以及温度场的可视化测量),改进的设备有望推广应用。