海洋环境下混凝土结构中钢筋锈蚀的检测

混凝土内钢筋的锈蚀是影响混凝土结构耐久性的重要因素。论述了海洋环境下钢筋常见的锈蚀类型和锈蚀机理,介绍了包括混凝土破型检测、电化学检测、物理检测等常用的钢筋锈蚀检测方法以及铁离子含量检测法、分析法等处于探讨和完善阶段的检测方法,并对各方法的优劣进行了论述。     

流动注射在线消解测定水中总氮的实验研究

采用流动注射在线消解测定水中总氮,分析速度快、检出限低、精密度和准确度较高。总氮质量浓度在200～2000μg/L与峰面积有良好的线性关系（r=0．9997）,方法检出限为0．0056mg／L。对水源水、地表水和废水样品的加标回收率测定中,均满足《生活饮用水卫生规范》对方法的要求。在水质检出中具有较好的应用价值。     

Control of Viral Contamination of Food and Environment

Viruses are often transmitted via food and the environment. Contamination may be controlled either by preventing its occurrence or by inactivating the contaminating virus. The majority of agents transmitted in this way are human enteric viruses, produced either in the intestines or the liver. They are shed in human feces (noroviruses also in vomitus) in a broad range of circumstances, and they are relatively stable outside the host. Non-enteric viruses are less often transmitted via foods and are generally less environmentally stable. Insofar as vaccines are available, they are able to prevent fecal shedding. Viruses shed in feces via the water-carriage toilet may be eliminated by proper treatment and disinfection of the wastewater. In the foods context, the most effective antiviral measures are cooking and hand washing. Detection methods are most useful after the fact, in investigating outbreaks and devising preventive measures.     

Determination of atmospheric hydroxyl radical by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection

The hydroxyl radical (·OH) plays a central role in the oxidation and removal of many atmospheric compounds. Measurement of atmospheric·OH is very difficult because of its high reactivity and low atmospheric abundance. In this article, a simple and highly sensitive method, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with coulometric detection (HPLC-CD), was developed to determine·OH indirectly by determining its reaction products with salicylic acid (SAL), 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA), and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA). Under the optimum conditions for its determination, 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA could be well separated and the detection limits for 2,3-DHBA were 3×10~(-10) mol/L and for 2,5-DHBA were 1.5×10~(-10) mol/L, which were lower than most previous reports. This method was also applied to measure atmospheric hydroxyl radical levels and demonstrated the feasibility in clean and polluted air.     

水中丁基黄原酸的测定

利用萃取比色法测定水中丁基黄原酸的方法,本方法的检出限为0.004mg/L、测定上限为120ug,实际水样的测定相对标准偏差均小于6.85%。利用不同方法对样品进行分析测试,无明显差异。实验表明:本方法具有相关好、线性范围宽,准确等特点。     

时间分辨荧光免疫一步法检测微囊藻毒素的研究

利用稀土元素Eu³⁺ 标记微囊藻毒素偶联物MCLR-BSA,在固相包被二抗的微孔板上建立了微囊藻毒素的直接竞争时间分辨荧光免疫法.条件优化后Eu³⁺ 标记物的稀释度为1∶50,微囊藻毒素单抗的合适浓度为100 ng/mL.该法对微囊藻毒素检测的灵敏度为0.02 ng/mL,试剂的测量范围是0.05～10 ng/mL,回收率达到94％以上.     

Monitoring bioaccumulation and toxic e ects of hexachlorobenzene using the polyurethane foam unit method in the microbial communities of the Fuhe River,Wuhan

Hexachlorobenzene （HCB） is a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon that was widely used for seed dressing in prevention of fungal growth on crops, and also as a component of fireworks, ammunition, and synthetic rubbers. Because of its resistance to degradation and mobility, HCB is widely distributed throughout the environment and is accumulated through food chains in different ecosystems. In this study, a preliminary investigation was carried out on the bioaccumulation and the toxic effects of HCB in the microbial （protozoan in particular） communities in the Fuhe River, Wuhan, a water body receiving industrial wastewaters containing HCB and other pollutants, using the standardized polyurethane foam units （PFU） method. Field samples were taken from eight stations established along the Fuhe River in January and August 2006. The concentration ratios of HCB in microbial communities and in water were 9.66-18.64, and the microbial communities accumulated 13.29-56.88 μg/L of HCB in January and 0.82-10.25 μg/L HCB in August. Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between the HCB contents in the microbial assemblage, and the number of species and the diversity index of the protozoan communities. This study demonstrated the applicability of the PFU method in monitoring the effects of HCB on the level of microbial communities.     

室内甲醛含量变化影响因素分析

室内装修的普及造成有害气体严重超标。介绍了装修造成的室内空气污染物的种类及对人体健康的危害,比较了装修后首要空气污染物——甲醛目前常见的检测方法的优缺点,着重分析了影响甲醛含量变化的因素,提出有效、可行的室内空气污染防治对策。     

人工湿地在沈阳市农村生活污水处理中的适用性分析

在总结沈阳市农村污水水质、排放特点的基础上,对人工湿地技术的组合形式、处理效果、冬季运行及经济指标等方面进行分析,并通过典型示范工程实例证明人工湿地应用于沈阳地区的农村污水处理是非常适用的。     

高炉风口漏损分析与控制措施探讨

本文通过分析高炉风口损坏的形式和原因,探讨了目前常用的风口检漏技术和方法;根据高炉运行管理实践,介绍了风口漏损的主要表现形式,并针对风口的漏损程度提出了应采取的处理和维护措施,以及延长高炉风口寿命的建议性措施.