增强全民减灾意识的思考

本文首先分析近几十年来全民减灾意识淡化的原因,然后着重提出了增强全民减灾意识的对策建议。     

An exploration of firms’ awareness and behavior of developing circular economy: An empirical research in China

Despite the wealth of information concerning environmental awareness and the behavior of firms, there is little empirical research on the awareness and behavior of firms in developing the circular economy. The study employed a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews with 157 firms from manufacturing clusters in China. Results indicated that the firms had a relatively good understanding about the circular economy and its values and had a strong willingness to operate a circular economy, but this was not indicative of enthusiastic behavior. A striking “gap” existed between a firm's awareness and its actual behavior in developing a circular economy. Reasons for the gap are explored mainly based on the results of interviews. Finally, recommendations for overcoming the gap between the awareness and behavior are suggested.     

基于“3A”理论的高职高专院校学生英语学习的研究

结合英语教学实践,依据Leo van Lier的意识原则(Awareness)和自主性原则(Autonomy),对高职高专院校英语专业学生进行了问卷调查。调查结果显示,高职高专院校英语专业学生的英语学习意识薄弱,动机不强。3A理论的启示是:发挥学生的主体作用,树立学生的语言学习意识,调动学生学习英语的主观能动性。     

北京市大学生绿色消费行为特征研究

当前资源短缺、环境污染等问题较为严重,从生态、环保的角度出发,人们应该选择绿色、可持续的消费行为。绿色消费作为一种全新的消费方式,正在以一种崭新的道德观、人生观和价值观融入人们的生活。与普通民众相比,大学生具有更高的知识水平和接受新生事物的能力,因此对大学生绿色消费行为特征的研究尤为必要。通过对国内外大学生绿色消费行为特征问题相关研究成果的梳理,探究影响大学生绿色消费行为特征的主要因素,并据此设计问卷对北京市大学生的绿色消费行为特征进行实证调研,通过对调查结果的分析,发现当前大学生在进行绿色消费时存在以下典型特征问题:对绿色产品或者绿色消费概念欠了解、超前消费和过度消费现象突出、具有从众消费和攀比消费心理、社交消费支出逐渐增大等问题。针对存在的特征问题建议大学生从加强自我管理、养成理财习惯、抵制非绿色消费行为、引导绿色消费时尚等方面进行改进。     

矿工情境意识多层递阶驱动模型构建

为了分析煤矿工人的情境意识要素间的因果关系结构，建立更具鲁棒性的情境意识驱动模型,提出了一种基于DEMATEL和ISM法耦合的矿工情境意识驱动模型构建方法。首先，在构建情境意识概念模型的基础上从组织、个人和环境3个维度辨识矿工情境意识驱动要素；然后，运用熵值法计算矿工情境意识驱动要素的权重，并借助DEMATEL和ISM方法确定情境意识驱动要素间的因果作用关系，进而构建矿工情境意识驱动模型。结果表明，班组安全氛围是矿工情境意识的根本影响因素；生理心理状况、工作记忆、作业能力和作业经验是直接影响因素；组织制度、人岗匹配性、作业环境、培训组织、作业规程和作业负荷设计是间接影响因素。     

应急准备文化现状调研与分析研究

应急准备文化是国家应急管理重要的基础,也是当前应急准备研究领域颇受关注的热点之一。为进一步调查了解我国广大公众应急准备文化现状与存在的主要问题,以公众应急意识,应急准备能力、公众对应急管理现状满意度和未来的应急准备需求四个方面为主要内容,通过调查问卷和统计分析了解公众对突发事件的风险感知和基本应对能力。结果显示,我国应急准备文化基础薄弱,政府应急管理能力亟待提高。并提出应急准备文化建设的具体建议。     

Perception,knowledge and attitude towards environmental issues and management among residents of Al-Suwaiq Wilayat,Sultanate of Oman

The purpose of this study was to determine residents’ perception, knowledge and attitude towards environmental issues and management in the Al-Suwaiq Wilayat (administrative zone) of Al-Batinah North, Sultanate of Oman. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used with questions on issues related to environment and surveyed across 109 households in the Wilayat following a random sampling method in early 2015. The results show that education, health-related infrastructure and unemployment are ranked as most important issues for government attention today and in coming 10 years besides their concern for the environment. Resident’s perceptions on most important environmental issues were concerned about solid-waste pollution, degradation of coastal areas, saltwater intrusion and land degradation. The sources for environmental information, government agencies, local media and schools were regarded as most reliable. Top environmental priorities were suggested to deal with enforcement of regulations, provide effective environmental awareness and education programs. Further, it is suggested that additional studies should be conducted such as ‘State of Environment Reporting’, thereby such reporting, for instance would provide some form of verification of reported behaviour and improved knowledge.     

Flood risk and inequalities between ethnic groups in the floodplains of England and Wales

Previous research has shown that many vulnerable communities experience disproportional exposure to flood risk. This paper, though, is the first to look at broad ethnic/racial group differences in the United Kingdom. It contends that differences in culture and language, especially those of new immigrants, bestow vulnerabilities on such communities, resulting in a lack of knowledge that enables people to be aware, to be prepared, or to recover expediently after a flood emergency. Using UK 2011 Census data and Environment Agency flood maps, the paper demonstrates that it is the non‐white communities in Wales that confront the most disproportionate level of flood risk: 23 per cent as compared to 11.4 per cent of their white neighbours. In contrast, the difference in flood risk between white and non‐white ethnic/racial groups in regions of England is within a range of plus or minus two per cent, except for in Yorkshire and The Humber where white populations face a much greater risk of flooding.     

Motivations for the use and consumption of wildlife products

The dominant approach to combating the illegal wildlife trade has traditionally been to restrict the supply of wildlife products. Yet conservationists increasingly recognize the importance of implementing demand-side interventions that target the end consumers in the trade chain. Their aim is to curb the consumption of wildlife or shift consumption to more sustainable alternatives. However, there are still considerable knowledge gaps in understanding of the diversity of consumer motivations in the context of illegal wildlife trade, which includes hundreds of thousands of species, different uses, and diverse contexts. Based on consultation with multiple experts from a diversity of backgrounds, nationalities, and focal taxa, we developed a typology of common motivations held by wildlife consumers that can be used to inform conservation interventions. We identified 5 main motivational categories for wildlife use: experiential, social, functional, financial, and spiritual, each containing subcategories. This framework is intended to facilitate the segmentation of consumers based on psychographics and allow the tailoring of interventions—whether behavior change campaigns, enforcement efforts, or incentive programs—to the specific context in which they will be used. Underlining the importance of consumer research and collaborating with local actors is an important step toward promoting a more systematic approach to the design of demand reduction interventions.