复合污染研究进展

复合污染是普遍存在的环境污染现象,本文在综述国内外复合污染研究现状的基础上,提出了复合污染的概念与分类方法,总结了有关复合污染交互作用的类型及其判断方法,重点论述影响复合污染生态效应的因子（污染物因子;生物因子;环境因子）和复合污染的作用机理（影响生物细胞结构;干扰生理活动与功能;竞争活性部位,络合或螯合作用）。     

Heterogeneous alternative catalysts: A bibliometric and systematic evaluation of their application in solar photocatalytic processes

The present study sought to objectively demonstrate how a researcher can, in a structured way, select relevant articles about alternative heterogeneous catalysts in photocatalytic processes. Therefore, the ProKnow-C (Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist) method was used to systematize the results found, with the application bibliometric and systematic analysis techniques for the evaluation of the results. The search string adopted as criteria was: solar photocatalysis AND heterogeneous catalysts OR alternative catalysts AND effluents. The databases were Web of Science, Science Direct and Scopus. The final bibliographic portfolio obtained for the research theme was made up of 19 articles. It was possible to verify advances in the number of publications on the theme over the evaluated period, with the Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry standing out in the final portfolio. Evaluating each article in the portfolio individually, it was possible to verify that most studies use combinations of catalysts already reported to create an alternative material to those already investigated in the literature. Those that use waste as catalysts chose to source this material from treatment plants and the steel industry. Around 58% of the papers used hydrogen peroxide in their processes, while 42% chose not to use it. Finally, approximately 63% of the papers in the portfolio used synthetic effluent in their processes, while the rest (37% of the research) chose to use real effluent. The results obtained in this research by applying the method can contribute to studies related to heterogeneous photocatalysis by alternative means over the years.     

ImPACTS框架下西北典型生态经济问题研究综述

与传统学科界限鲜明不同,生态经济学强调跨学科交叉研究,注重让问题来决定研究工具集,而不是由研究工具来决定合适的对象。由于生态经济问题涉及生态系统与社会经济系统,研究对象属性多样、关系复杂,既有采用传统意义上的生态经济学方法如生态系统服务价值核算等方法,也包括生活质量、生计途径、消费评估等社会学方法。因此,采取关注学科主要方法发展演化的思路,难以系统地总结生态经济研究进展。我国西北地区生态环境脆弱,经济发展相对落后,无疑是生态经济研究的"天然典型实验场",取得了大量的研究成果。遵循从研究对象出发的思路,采用经典的ImPACTS等式框架,以更宽泛的视野和系统的思维框架综述了西北地区典型生态经济实证研究的思路,即:采用等级层次分析方法研究生态系统和经济系统某个或多个结构性成分及其关系,再用实际结果检验其正确性。综述重要进展包括:可持续性衡量从物质、能量和信息角度开展了水资源承载力、生态足迹、能值与上升性的研究;生态系统服务和自然资本的价值评估开展了条件估值和选择模型,以及环境经济账户、物质流等集成核算工作;人类福利状况评价开展了幸福及生活质量核算工作;开展了生态补偿全流程的实证研究工作;集成模拟模型开展了空间建模环境的构建及简单自然过程的模拟,以LUCC和生态补偿为例进行了较好的自然过程和人文因素相耦合的集成模拟研究;以社会适应性能力作为整体性指标研究了社会资源对水资源的适应作用,将社会资源解耦为文化类型、社会资本和制度三个维度进行实证分析。在此基础上,提出了未来开展研究的建议。     

土地集约利用评价方法研究综述

基于土地利用类型和评价尺度,应用文献资料法和综合分析法,梳理了国内20世纪90年代以来土地集约利用评价研究,阐述了土地集约利用的内涵,着重探讨了各种评价方法针对不同用地类型和不同评价尺度的实践应用,归纳各种评价方法并进行对比分析,探讨未来土地节约集约利用评价方法的研究方向和发展趋势.     

职业危害因素混合接触综合评价方法概述

作业场所同时接触多种职业危害因素的综合危害性日益引起广泛关注,如何对其进行科学的评价成为职业危害研究者面临的重要课题。本文对不同危害因素的混合危害作用的评价方法进行了系统的总结与归纳,探讨了混合作用的描述方法,分析了毒理学、流行病学、风险评价三大类方法应用于混合危害作用评价时的基本原理、核心思路和实施流程,此外对三种方法的特点进行了对比分析。     

钻井环境污染过程控制技术综述

钻井环境污染控制是实现清洁钻井的必要手段,文章介绍了钻井过程中的污染物和钻井作业环境污染控制措施,重点综述了钻井废水、废气、固体废物和噪声等环境污染控制技术。通过钻井环境污染过程控制将钻井作业对环境影响和危害的程度降至最低。     

学习先进理念、促进环境监测管理水平提升——中意环境管理与可持续发展培训感受

通过在意大利的考察学习,对学习考察的收获和感受进行了总结,并结合意大利现行环境政策和环境监测先进经验提出了我国在环境保护和监测管理方面的设想和建议,供同行参考.     

Assessment of Air Quality, Emissions and Management in a Local Urban Environment

This paper describes one example of how the UK National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) is implemented in a local urban environment. The paper reviews the beginning of this process, by examining the review and assessment procedures of the NAQS in the London Borough of Barnet. By the application of available UK tools of local air quality management (LAQM), the process began through analysis of the levels of local emissions and progressed onto modelling of current and future air quality. A map showing combined emission hotspot areas for the Borough indicated and higher emission rates occur in the south of the Borough and along the major transport corridors, as road sources dominate emissions. Dispersion modelling studies were also conducted for this purpose, using the screening models GRAM, PGRAM and ADMS Urban for an in-depth assessment. These analyses found that some local point sources and the majority of Borough roads with over 20,000 vehicles per day produced exceedances of the future objectives for air quality for some pollutants.Recommendations for the progression of LAQM in the Borough are made and include the update and expansion of the emissions information held for use in future modelling studies. The paper demonstrates the experience of implementing the Strategy, using the tools and procedures available for this purpose, in a local urban environment that is similar to many in the UK.     

浅谈二重源解析技术

针对中国扬尘污染较严重和扬尘污染源的特殊性,人们提出了二重源解析技术,解决了源解析计算中存在的一些问题,如扬尘和其他它单一尘源类的共线性等问题,但在该技术的应用中同样存在一些问题.对二重源解析技术的原理、存在缺陷以及相应的改进、需注意的问题进行了论述,为环保工作者提供相应的参考.